Ethereum, the world’s second-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization, has dropped back to the $2,500 range following several days of selling pressure fueled by rising US Treasury yields, a stronger dollar, and weakening institutional inflows.
Sharp price pullback as technicals weakenOn October 9, ETH traded near $2,500 after briefly sliding to around $2,408 the previous Thursday, marking an almost 9% decline from recent highs above $2,700 earlier this week. This downturn follows back-to-back declines of 4% and 4.5% on consecutive trading days, which erased most of Ethereum’s October gains.
The rapid drop has left Ethereum’s immediate technical outlook under pressure. Analysts noted the $2,500 zone had already been highlighted as a key vulnerability, especially after approximately $165 million in leveraged long positions were liquidated during the recent selloff.
If Ethereum fails to hold above $2,500, trader focus may shift to the next support area in the $2,400 to $2,450 zone, given that ETH touched a session low of $2,408 on Thursday, indicating buyers are being tested at those levels.
Exchange balances for Ethereum have dropped to multi-year lows, with supply now tightly linked to institutional flows and investor demand as staking and withdrawals steadily reduce available coins on the market.
ETF outflows contrast with Bitcoin inflowsUS-listed spot Ethereum exchange-traded funds (ETFs) saw net outflows of $201.9 million on October 6, marking the largest single-day withdrawal in recent weeks. In contrast, Bitcoin spot funds recorded net inflows of $118.8 million in the same trading session, highlighting a shift in institutional capital between the two largest crypto assets.
AssetETF Net Flows (Oct. 6)Recent Price LevelEthereum (ETH)-$201.9 million$2,500Bitcoin (BTC)+$118.8 millionNot specifiedIndustry observers have indicated that Ethereum’s bullish narrative relies increasingly on institutional demand to absorb circulating supply, at a time when staking and exchange withdrawals have driven available liquid supply to multi-year lows.
The ongoing slide in exchange balances for Ethereum continues to raise questions about whether institutional buyers will step in to offset retail and speculative selling, especially as macroeconomic pressures remain a headwind for risk assets.
Traders are closely monitoring the $2,500 to $2,400 range for signs of buying support or a potential continuation of the current downtrend.
Mini dictionary: Spot ETF, an exchange-traded fund that aims to directly track the price of the underlying asset such as Bitcoin or Ethereum, allowing investors to gain exposure without directly owning the cryptocurrency itself.
9 October 2026 | 15:10 Tom Lee sees Ethereum reaching $25,000 to $50,000 during the current bull cycle. At roughly 122 million ETH in supply, the upper end of that range would value the network at about $6.1 trillion.
That calculation puts his call in perspective. Ethereum would need to earn a much larger role in financial markets, with tokenized assets, stablecoins and institutional products creating activity that also supports demand for ETH.
Key Takeaways Lee’s $25,000-$50,000 range belongs to his wider bull-cycle thesis. He expects tokenization to bring larger institutional pools on-chain. Ethereum needs to capture value from settlement, collateral and staking activity. BitMine’s ETH treasury shows Lee’s conviction, while adoption still needs separate proof. What the $50,000 target would require In a recent interview, Lee described Ethereum as a neutral settlement layer for a growing on-chain financial system. He also gave a nearer-term view: ETH could approach $7,500 by year-end if Bitcoin moves above $100,000.
The $25,000-$50,000 range covers a much longer path. Lee expects tokenization to shift assets and financial services onto public blockchains, giving Ethereum a larger role in the markets that issue, trade and settle those assets.
How Lee separates Ethereum’s price scenarios
Near-term view
About $7,500
Linked to Bitcoin moving above $100,000.
Long-cycle view
$25,000-$50,000
Built around tokenization and institutional adoption.
Scale at $50,000
~$6.1 trillion
Approximate ETH value at a supply near 122 million coins.
Lee sees a large pool of capital outside crypto Lee argues that crypto still represents a small slice of the capital that could eventually move on-chain. He put the addressable pool at “$200 trillion minimum,” while separately pointing to public equities and fixed income as much larger traditional markets than crypto today.
The figure is his framing rather than a precise addition of every asset class. Its purpose is to show the gap between today’s on-chain market and the capital that tokenized products could eventually compete for.
LEE’S VIEW OF THE ADDRESSABLE CAPITAL POOL
TRADITIONAL LIQUID CAPITAL
~$200T
Equities: ~$150T
Fixed income: ~$250T
$3-$4T
ON-CHAIN TODAY
↑
+$7T
per year in new
liquid capital
Figures reflect Lee’s framing in the interview. The $200 trillion figure is not a precise sum of the equities and fixed-income pools he cited separately.
For Ethereum, the relevant question is whether that capital comes on-chain in a form that requires public settlement infrastructure. A tokenized fund can exist without generating much lasting ETH demand; repeated issuance, transfers, redemptions, collateral use and settlement create the stronger connection.
This cycle has a different group of buyers Lee compares the present setup with earlier crypto booms that were driven largely by retail participation. ICOs pushed the 2016-17 market, while NFTs and consumer crypto shaped the 2019-21 run. His present thesis rests on asset managers and financial firms building products for a different group of clients.
Period Dominant theme Buyer base in Lee’s comparison 2016-17 ICO fundraising Mainly retail participation around new token issuance. 2019-21 NFTs and consumer crypto Another retail-led market built around a new digital-ownership use case. Current cycle Tokenization and regulated products Institutions, issuers and asset managers seeking new ways to package assets. Institutional demand may eventually bring larger pools of capital, although it carries a higher operational bar. Custody, compliance, transfer restrictions, redemption rights and legal ownership need to work in practice before tokenized assets can move beyond limited rollouts.
Lee places AI early in its investment cycle Lee’s Ethereum case also sits inside a broader view of AI. He compares the current stage of AI development with the internet and mobile buildout of the 1990s, arguing that ChatGPT’s 2023 launch places the sector closer to the middle of a long adoption curve than to its final stage.
That comparison does not establish a timetable for AI, crypto or ETH. It explains why Lee expects software agents and robots to create more digital financial activity over time, including a need for programmable payments and wallets.
S-CURVE OVERLAY: INTERNET (1994→) vs AI (2023→)
1994
public internet
1997
2000
Cisco peak
2023
ChatGPT
“Today = 1997”
in Lee’s analogy
~2033
projected peak
Internet & mobile reference
AI cycle in Lee’s comparison
Schematic reconstruction of Lee’s verbal comparison. The curve shapes illustrate the analogy and are not fitted market data.
Ethereum still needs to capture the value of that activity Ethereum already has a large role in stablecoins and decentralized finance, which gives Lee’s thesis a visible base. He also sees its developer community and history of uninterrupted operation as reasons institutions may favour it for products that need neutrality and broad access.
The investment case turns on value capture. A larger tokenized-asset market helps ETH when the assets create demand for Ethereum settlement, ETH collateral, staking or blockspace. Issuing a token on a blockchain alone says little about how much economic value reaches the native asset.
That separation also helps readers distinguish a long-term adoption story from short-term market moves. Ethereum’s recent eight-month open-interest high and the rise in Bitfinex shorts showed how derivatives positioning can affect price while the network’s underlying adoption case remains unchanged.
BitMine puts Lee’s thesis on a corporate balance sheet Lee is also chairman of BitMine, an Ethereum treasury company that has accumulated one of the largest disclosed ETH positions. Its October 5 update reported about 6.02 million ETH, bringing the company close to its stated target of owning 5% of the supply.
A large treasury buyer can reduce the amount of ETH readily available for sale, especially where holdings are staked. The market-wide case remains separate: tokenization needs to produce sustained demand that continues after an individual treasury company reaches its own allocation target.
Lee’s warning for incumbent financial firms Lee argues that banks face a strategic choice as tokenized products spread. He compared the challenge with companies that dominated an earlier technology model but failed to make the next transition.
1980 · MAINFRAMES → PC
NCR
Dominated computing. Did not pivot to personal computers.
Giant that missed the shift.
TELECOM · LONG-DISTANCE → MOBILE
MCI
A major long-distance provider that failed to make the mobile transition.
Disappeared.
TODAY · TRADFI → ON-CHAIN
Large FIs
Lee says firms without a crypto rail or strategy risk the same fate.
“The NCRs and MCIs of this era.”
The comparison is a warning, not proof that every financial service will move on-chain. It does show where Lee places the commercial opportunity: tokenization could affect more than asset issuance by changing custody, settlement, collateral and the way financial products are distributed.
His long-term view extends beyond trading Lee expects software agents and robots to generate a larger volume of financial activity, which could increase the importance of digital payments, collateral and settlement. His view is that financial services already represent a large share of economic activity and could become more central as machine-driven activity expands.
ECONOMY SHARE — LEE’S FRAMING
TODAY
~50%
financial
rest of economy
→
+ AGENTS & ROBOTS
largerfinancial share
rest of economy
Directional illustration of Lee’s view. The proportions are schematic, not an economic forecast.
The evidence matters more than the number Lee’s $50,000 scenario assumes that Ethereum becomes a key part of financial infrastructure and retains enough of the resulting activity to strengthen demand for ETH. The claim will become easier to judge through recurring tokenized-asset use, settlement volumes, staking demand and the network’s share of institutional activity.
The target remains Lee’s view of where those developments could lead. The stronger story lies in the milestones that appear before any price goal is reached.
This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice. Tom Lee’s price targets and market views are his own and do not guarantee future performance.
Author
Kosta has reported on cryptocurrency markets and blockchain infrastructure since 2020, bringing over six years of hands-on experience in the crypto industry built through daily tracking of markets, trends, and emerging blockchain developments. Specializing in Bitcoin on-chain analysis, institutional ETF flows, and digital asset price action, his work at Coindoo has been cited by other news agencies and consistently covers market developments with a focus on data-driven reporting across Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, and XRP. Over the years, Kosta has contributed to multiple crypto media outlets in different regions, authoring over 6,000 articles across the sector. His reporting spans cryptocurrency markets and the broader fintech industry, tracking not only price action but also the technological and regulatory forces shaping the ecosystem. To support his analysis, Kosta actively leverages on-chain data and metrics from leading platforms such as Santiment, Glassnode, and CryptoQuant, enabling deeper, evidence-based market insights. He believes in the power of transparency and the data that underpins the blockchain ecosystem. His academic background in Marketing Management from Denmark further complements his analytical approach, adding a strong understanding of communication strategy and content positioning to his work.
Fidelity během posledních 20 obchodních dnů nakoupila prostřednictvím svých ETF kryptoměny za více než 438,9 milionu USD, včetně BTC v hodnotě 354,1 milionu USD.
Renowned crypto investment firm Fidelity has continued to expand its crypto portfolio, adding more Bitcoin amid growing demand for its ETF product.
Apart from its Bitcoin fund, the firm also issues both Ethereum and Solana ETFs, and it has recorded modest purchases for both over the same period.
Fidelity buys $354 million of Bitcoin Latest onchain data from Arkham Intelligence shows that Fidelity has purchased a total of $438.9 million worth of Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Solana through its ETF products over the past 20 trading days.
HOT Stories
While this signals continued buying activity across the three major crypto assets, it shows that the firm has seen sustained demand for nearly all its crypto ETF offerings, especially Bitcoin.
You Might Also Like
Nonetheless, the data shows that the firm saw more demand for its Bitcoin product, as the Fidelity spot Bitcoin ETF recorded the largest purchases.
As such, FBTC has accumulated up to $354.1 million worth of BTC over the stated period. Meanwhile, it acquired only lesser amounts of ETH and SOL.
More specifically, Fidelity has bought $66.6 million worth of Ethereum and another $18.2 million worth of Solana over the same period.
Bitcoin loses momentum While the massive Bitcoin purchase from Fidelity signals sustained institutional demand for the leading crypto asset over the past week, Bitcoin has suddenly witnessed a sharp price reversal.
Retracing from a high of around $87,000 back to its multi-week low of around $81,000, Bitcoin appears to be facing increased sell-off pressure from traders, especially retail traders.
With momentum on the leading asset currently down, it remains uncertain whether Fidelity and other major Bitcoin funds will be able to sustain their Bitcoin buying spree for much longer.
Otevřený zájem o deriváty na ETH klesl o 11,7 % na 12,49 milionu ETH, což je nejnižší úroveň od března 2026, protože obchodníci uzavírají pákové pozice.
Ethereum traders are quietly heading for the exits. Open interest in ETH derivatives has fallen 11.7%, reaching its lowest level since June 2026.
Nobody is panic selling. Leveraged traders are simply closing positions, and the futures market is getting noticeably smaller as a result.
What the numbers show Measured in coins, ETH derivatives open interest has slipped to 12.49 million ETH as of late September to early October 2026. One dataset puts that as the lowest reading since March 1, 2026.
That figure reflects a drop of 1.46 million ETH from the levels recorded during the early July recovery.
The selloff in positioning also had a single dramatic day. Aggregate ETH contract open interest fell 7.53% in one session in early October, landing at approximately $31.8 billion.
Binance, which holds a large share of ETH derivatives activity, tells a similar story. Recent estimates place ETH open interest on the exchange somewhere between $3.25 billion and $6.2 billion.
Earlier this year, Binance ETH open interest fell to approximately $4.16 billion in late June. That marked its lowest point in over three months at the time.
Shorts are holding the wheel Funding rates on certain exchanges have now turned negative. That means bearish traders are paying to keep their positions open, which suggests they are currently in control of perpetuals.
All of this is happening while ETH trades in a fairly narrow band. Prices have been consolidating between $2,600 and $2,800, with spot market activity outweighing derivatives trading.
The bigger deleveraging picture Analytics providers Coinglass and CryptoQuant have both tracked the ongoing deleveraging across ETH markets. Their data points to a broad caution about holding leveraged positions right now.
The pattern is not unique to Ethereum. Bitcoin futures have shown similar behavior, where falling open interest tends to reflect weaker speculative demand.
What this means for ETH traders Lower open interest cuts both ways. On the positive side, less leverage in the system means fewer positions that can be forcibly liquidated if prices move sharply, as current leverage levels remain subdued compared to previous peaks.
The negative funding rates complicate that picture. They show that active traders expect further declines and are positioning accordingly.
There is also a contrarian wrinkle. When shorts crowd into a trade and pay to stay there, a sudden move higher can force them to buy back positions quickly, which can amplify any upside.
A few indicators are worth tracking from here. The first is whether open interest stabilizes near 12.49 million ETH or keeps sliding. The second is funding. A return to positive rates would suggest long traders are regaining confidence, while deeper negative rates would signal growing conviction among bears. The third is the price range itself. A move outside $2,600 to $2,800 would likely pull sidelined traders back in, in whichever direction the break occurs.
Exchange-level data also deserves attention. Binance figures, given the platform’s share of ETH derivatives, could offer an early read on whether leverage is returning or still draining.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Vivian Nguyen. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
A closely watched signal in the Ethereum ecosystem is flashing caution. The gap between $ETH waiting to enter staking and $ETH waiting to exit has been narrowing steadily since early May, and the latest figures show the spread continuing to compress.
At the time of writing, 1,385,201 $ETH is queued to be staked, while 815,341 $ETH is waiting to be unstaked. The difference remains meaningful in absolute terms, but the trend points in one direction.
How the Queue Got Here For most of 2026, the imbalance heavily favoured entries. The signal at that point was unambiguous: almost nobody wanted to unstake.
That picture has since shifted.
Context and What to Watch
Still, the structural narrowing of the entry-exit spread since May is worth monitoring. If the exit queue continues to grow independently of one-off events, the cushion that has supported net staking demand for most of the year will continue to shrink.
Sources:
CoinDesk: Ethereum staking exit queue jumps fivefold as holders face a two-week wait
KuCoin: Ethereum Validator Exit Queue Jumps 392%
CryptoSlate: A $1,000 MetaMask incident could turn Ethereum's staking queue into a $5 billion traffic jam
Curve Finance uvádí, že upgrade Etherea Glamsterdam by mohl během přetížení zlepšit přístup komplexních DeFi transakcí k prostoru v bloku; páková půjčka spotřebovala 1,84 milionu gasu oproti 125 000 gasu u swapu stablecoinů.
Curve Finance has said Ethereum’s Glamsterdam upgrade could give complex DeFi transactions more reliable access to blockspace, citing mainnet checks in which a leveraged borrow used about 1.84 million gas against 125,000 for a direct stablecoin swap.
Summary
Curve’s mainnet checks put leveraged borrowing gas usage at nearly 15 times a direct stablecoin swap. The team expects added capacity to help borrowers, arbitrage traders and liquidators during heavy demand. Ethereum developers have prepared a 200 million gas test, without committing mainnet to that limit. Curve cautions that revised state charges could increase gas requirements for some transactions. Curve Finance, the decentralized finance protocol behind the crvUSD stablecoin, said Glamsterdam’s value should be measured by how transactions perform during congestion rather than by the block gas limit alone.
In comments shared with crypto.news, the team identified transaction inclusion times and actual user fees during demand spikes as the practical tests of whether Ethereum’s added capacity improves access. Its assessment also made easier validation a condition of successful scaling.
Ethereum’s Glamsterdam upgrade could help complex DeFi transactions According to Curve’s mainnet checks, a leveraged borrowing transaction consumed roughly 1.84 million gas, compared with 125,000 for a direct stablecoin swap. Based on those figures, the borrowing operation used about 14.7 times as much gas.
For transactions combining borrowing with a collateral purchase, the team said congestion can affect several parts of the same operation. More predictable access to blockspace would therefore be particularly useful for users carrying out complex transactions when network activity rises, in Curve’s view.
Cheaper execution could also make smaller arbitrage trades worth completing, according to the protocol’s team. It expects longer swap routes to become more economical, potentially improving the prices available through its pools and making positions easier to open or unwind.
The team described added capacity as welcome when Ethereum can provide it without making validation harder. Its comments stopped short of claiming that every user action would become cheaper, pointing instead to changes in the way the upgrade charges for state operations.
In Oct. 6 coverage of the 200 million gas test, earlier reporting described Sepolia preparations for a block gas limit up from roughly 60 million. The report explained that the test setting would not automatically become Ethereum mainnet’s limit.
According to Prysm’s Oct. 5 release notes, version 7.2.1 added the Sepolia schedule so validators would default to 200 million gas after the fork. The preceding version supported the upgrade but would retain the 60 million setting unless operators changed their configuration.
Liquidation benefits depend on timely transactions During sharp market moves, Curve said liquidators, oracle updates and borrowers compete for blockspace. Extra capacity could help their transactions get through, although the team cautioned that larger blocks would still face demand.
For Curve’s lending system, the expected benefit involves LLAMMA, its liquidation mechanism. According to the team, cheaper and faster arbitrage should help LLAMMA track market prices more closely as collateral passes through its liquidation range.
By reducing delays in that process, the protocol expects the upgrade could limit losses associated with prices moving before transactions complete. Curve also linked dependable liquidations to the stability of crvUSD.
The team placed particular weight on performance during volatility, when users need to act on positions rather than wait for network congestion to clear.
“What we think should be watched most closely is execution under real load.”
In Curve’s assessment, a higher gas ceiling would offer limited practical benefit if transactions continued to stall during busy periods. The team said the relevant measurements are how quickly transactions enter blocks and what users pay when competition for blockspace increases.
Gas repricing could require contract and wallet changes Alongside its expected execution benefits, Curve warned that Glamsterdam reprices state operations, meaning some actions would require more gas.
Ethereum developers raised related concerns in an Aug. 26 report on smart contract compatibility risks. According to the Ethereum Foundation warning covered there, most contracts were unaffected in transaction replays, while many flagged failures could be fixed by supplying higher gas limits.
The Foundation identified fixed gas allowances, hardcoded call limits and gas-sensitive contract logic among the risk factors. Its warning also extended to wallets, infrastructure providers and gas-estimation tools that rely on cached assumptions.
Under the proposed changes described in that report, EIP-8037 changes the cost of creating state, including accounts and contract storage, while EIP-8038 revises charges for accessing existing state. Developers were urged to test applications before mainnet activation.
On validation, Curve said Ethereum should preserve the ability to verify its ledger without asking permission. The team warned that scaling would compromise that principle if added capacity made independent verification impractical.
Public testing follows capacity checks and builder warnings In Sep. 18 coverage of Glamsterdam testnet builder risks, Ethereum developers warned that free test ether could allow malicious builders to win block auctions and withhold transaction payloads.
The developer discussion treated the scenario as a public-testnet availability concern rather than a way to steal mainnet ETH. According to the report, Devnet-11 had used 84,000 validators across multiple clients, but its controlled rehearsal excluded deliberate attacks.
For U.S. investors following Ether through listed funds, a Sep. 19 report on U.S. Ether ETF withdrawals recorded approximately $140.6 million in net outflows during Sep. 14–18, based on Farside data. Ether was the weakest of the four crypto ETF categories covered in that report.
According to the Oct. 6 upgrade coverage, the Ethereum Foundation had not set Hoodi or mainnet activation dates and said separate announcements would follow agreement among client teams.
Testnet Etherea Sepolia aktivoval upgrade Glamsterdam s limitem gasu téměř 200 milionů, tedy více než trojnásobkem limitu mainnetu. Mainnet zatím zůstává na 60 milionech.
In brief Ethereum's Sepolia testnet activated Glamsterdam on October 6 at epoch 353,024, with a block gas limit of nearly 200 million, more than three times mainnet's 60 million. Sepolia blocks 11,872,013 through 11,872,037 used between 47.1 million and 85.9 million gas, roughly 24% to 43% of the limit. The announcement sets no date for the Hoodi testnet and schedules no mainnet upgrade, so mainnet's limit stays at 60 million for now. Ethereum's Sepolia test network activated the Glamsterdam upgrade on October 6 and began producing blocks with a gas limit of nearly 200 million, more than three times the 60 million that Ethereum's main network allows. Gas is the unit that measures computing work on Ethereum, and the gas limit caps how much of that work fits into a single block.
The 200 million figure was scheduled in a commit tied to epoch 353,024, a 6.4-minute time marker in Ethereum's calendar that began at 13:53:36 UTC.
Myriad: Where does Ethereum go next? Click to make your prediction.Blocks used only a fraction of that room. A snapshot of 25 consecutive blocks on Etherscan taken on October 8, numbers 11,872,013 through 11,872,037, shows gas use at roughly 24% to 43% of the limit.
A higher ceiling does not mean three times as many transactions, only that a block can hold more when demand shows up. For everyday users, that headroom is what helps keep fees from spiking when many people use Ethereum at once, because congestion feels like strangers outbidding each other to get into the next block.
Bigger blocks are harder on validators, the computers that put up ETH as collateral to check and confirm each block. Ethereum Foundation researchers had warned that limits above 40 million could "fail to propagate as expected" across the network, so the number has crept up in small steps.
One of those steps was a 52%-to-48% validator vote in February 2025 that moved the limit from 30 million to 32 million. The limit was later raised to 60 million during 2025, double the original 30 million, and the Fusaka upgrade, which went live on December 3, 2025, made that the default.
Two changes on Ethereum's roadmap are meant to help the network handle more load. Block-level access lists record which accounts and data each block touches, so computers can check many transactions at once instead of one by one. Enshrined proposer-builder separation moves the auction that decides who assembles each block, today run through outside middleware, into Ethereum's own rules.
Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin sketched the longer arc in July, when he described a plan to replace almost every major piece of the protocol over three to four years. Glamsterdam is the nearer-term step, and Ethereum developers describe a possible gas-limit increase toward roughly 200 million after it.
Sepolia is a testnet, a practice network whose tokens carry no real value, so developers can break things without costing anyone money. It also staged the Merge rehearsal on July 6, 2022, when it switched to proof of stake ahead of the main network.
The announcement sets no date for Hoodi, another public testnet, and schedules no mainnet upgrade, so Ethereum's main network keeps its 60 million gas limit for now.
Daily Debrief NewsletterStart every day with the top news stories right now, plus original features, a podcast, videos and more.
Ethereum Institutional po rebrandingu spustil vyhledávatelný portál pro institucionální nasazení na mainnetu Etherea a sítích Layer 2 s filtry podle odvětví, sítě a typu aktiv.
Ethereum Institutional, a nonprofit organization focused on promoting enterprise adoption of Ethereum, has revealed a major rebrand and an overhauled website just three months after its initial launch. Announced via the group’s official X account, the update introduces a refreshed wordmark, updated visual identity, and a redesigned portal aimed at making institutional Ethereum activity more accessible.
New portal streamlines institutional discoveryAt the core of these changes is a searchable database featuring institutional deployments across both Ethereum’s mainnet and prominent Layer-2 networks. The portal allows users to filter by industry, chain, and asset type, supporting a wide range of use cases such as stablecoins, tokenized treasuries, and on-chain settlement.
A distinct brand identity has also been created for the Ethereum Institutional Forum. Previously, this forum convened over 150 executives collectively representing approximately $250 trillion in assets under management. The rebrand is intended to move Ethereum’s narrative for enterprises from compelling stories to clear, discoverable solutions.
Background: Foundation and organizational structureEthereum Institutional emerged from the Ethereum Foundation’s Enterprise Acceleration initiative, which was launched in October 2025. This initiative positioned Ethereum as a neutral and secure platform for tokenizing financial value, tracking 75% of tokenized real-world assets, 65% of DeFi total value locked (TVL), and 60% of stablecoin issuance through more than 1.1 million validators.
By July 2026, Ethereum Institutional spun out as an independent nonprofit managed by former Foundation executives David Walsh, Marius Smith, and Matthew Dawson. The group maintains relationships with over 500 key industry players, including leading banks, asset managers, and custodians. Its funding is supported by companies such as BitMine Immersion Technologies and SharpLink, alongside Ethereum co-founder Joseph Lubin.
A recent reorganization, referenced by the Ethereum Foundation, has kept core protocol development under the Foundation while designating organizations like Ethlabs to lead research and Ethereum Institutional to drive go-to-market activities, including intelligence gathering, industry outreach, and events management.
Mini dictionary: Layer-2 networks (L2s) are blockchain protocols that operate on top of a main network like Ethereum, improving scalability and transaction throughput while reducing costs. Projects such as Arbitrum, Optimism, and zkSync are among the most recognized L2s in the Ethereum ecosystem.
Growth signals from the institutional sectorInstitutions have recently shown increased interest in Ethereum. BlackRock’s BUIDL fund now manages over $1.15 billion in assets, with the majority based on Ethereum. Visa reported processing more than $1 billion in annual stablecoin settlements on the Ethereum network.
MetricValuePlatform/SourceTVL on Base$15.5 billionCoinbase BaseTotal L2 TVL$50 billion+L2BeatEthereum’s share of DeFi TVL65%DefiLlamaStablecoins on Ethereum$180 billionDefiLlamaThis liquidity is highly relevant for assets redeemable in US dollars, an advantage Ethereum maintains as competitors like Solana build out enterprise-facing business development teams. Ethereum Institutional notes that the platform’s neutrality attracts long-term infrastructure builders but may complicate enterprise engagement due to the absence of a clear counterpart.
Tackling industry needs and complianceEthereum Institutional is addressing institutional requirements through support for zero-knowledge proofs, fully homomorphic encryption, and advanced scaling technologies like Aztec and RAILGUN. The organization states that the Forum and deployment tracker address key challenges: enabling greater discovery of enterprise use cases and facilitating peer-to-peer dialogue outside traditional developer settings.
Deployment tracking and the Ethereum Institutional Forum help enterprises discover which peers have advanced beyond pilot phases, while providing a neutral platform for industry connection and credibility.
The nonprofit plans to expand its Institutional Intelligence program, focusing on standardizing issuance, settlement, and compliance processes. The tracker will incorporate live on-chain attestations and references to regulatory filings, offering additional resources for risk and legal teams. For Layer-2 teams, custodians, and exchanges, this presents opportunities to engage on evolving standards such as ERC-1400 and ERC-3643.
Ethereum Institutional positions itself as a facilitator of enterprise adoption, aiming to simplify discovery and integration of Ethereum-based solutions for the financial sector.
Charles Hoskinson odmítl varování Vitalika Buterina, že AI může narušit mřížkovou kryptografii, jako panikaření; podle něj ji přední výzkumníci testují již 40 let.
Cardano (ADA) Ecosystem Update: Charles Hoskinson on the Future of Blockchain GovernanceVitalik Buterin wants crypto to prepare for a threat that does not exist yet. Charles Hoskinson says that preparation could do more harm than the threat itself.
On October 8, the Ethereum co-founder warned that AI-accelerated mathematics could break lattice-based cryptography, the backbone of the new post-quantum security standards. Within hours, the Cardano founder called the warning “panic” and accused Buterin of “bag-holding too much hash-based crypto research.”
Buterin began calmly, saying no one should “scramble to move their funds to new wallets today.” But he argued that AI could soon find hidden weaknesses in lattices that humans have missed for decades. He pointed to RSA encryption as a precedent. It once looked very hard to crack, until years of research produced a far faster attack. “What if there are skeletons in the closet like that?” he asked, ones “we are simply not smart enough to discover, but bots soon will be.”
That concern, he said, is why Ethereum’s lean roadmap has moved to hash-only signatures. His advice is to prefer hash-based tools and, for long-term safety, to multiply lattice key sizes by 10.
The Rebuttal
Hoskinson rejected the argument point by point:
Tested for decades: Lattices have faced 40 years of attacks from the field’s best researchers, and today’s standards are already sized to withstand them.Hashes are not immune: MD5 and SHA-1 were both broken. Ethereum’s own Poseidon hash is so mathematically structured that the Ethereum Foundation funded a bounty to attack it.The 10x rule is “numerology”: A 20% better attack would need about 25% larger keys, not ten times larger.“‘Structure’ names nothing,” he wrote.
The Real Stakes
Hoskinson’s biggest worry lies outside crypto. Browsers and messaging apps already use lattice-based ML-KEM to protect against hackers who steal encrypted data now to decrypt later. Casting doubt on it, he argued, could keep internet traffic on older encryption for longer, the very risk Buterin wants to avoid.
He also dismissed Buterin’s idea of sending encrypted notes off-chain through a third party. That only adds a middleman who can see users’ metadata, he said.
He questioned Buterin’s record too, saying past posts led engineers away from ideas such as Plasma and Casper, only for the industry to return to them years later.
Neither founder pointed to an actual AI-found attack. For now, the question is whether crypto should guard against a break that might come, or trust defences that have held for four decades.
Story Ends Here
Trust with CoinPedia:CoinPedia has been delivering accurate and timely cryptocurrency and blockchain updates since 2017. All content is created by our expert panel of analysts and journalists, following strict Editorial Guidelines based on E-E-A-T (Experience, Expertise, Authoritativeness, Trustworthiness). Every article is fact-checked against reputable sources to ensure accuracy, transparency, and reliability. Our review policy guarantees unbiased evaluations when recommending exchanges, platforms, or tools. We strive to provide timely updates about everything crypto & blockchain, right from startups to industry majors.
Investment Disclaimer:All opinions and insights shared represent the author's own views on current market conditions. Please do your own research before making investment decisions. Neither the writer nor the publication assumes responsibility for your financial choices.
Sponsored and Advertisements:Sponsored content and affiliate links may appear on our site. Advertisements are marked clearly, and our editorial content remains entirely independent from our ad partners.
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has placed a spotlight on the rapidly expanding world of tokenized assets, referencing major public blockchains including the XRP Ledger, Stellar, Ethereum, and Solana. This comes as industry focus intensifies on how financial institutions are embracing blockchain technology for regulated stablecoin issuance and new efficiencies in payments.
IMF’s analysis of tokenized finance trendsThe IMF’s July 2026 note, “The Rise of Tokenization: Deciphering New Trends in Payments and Asset Tokenization,” examines how banks and financial institutions are increasingly adopting public distributed ledger technology (DLT) for regulated digital assets. Rather than ranking or endorsing any particular network, the report points out that multiple permissionless blockchains are being utilized for real-world financial applications.
A concrete example discussed in the report is Société Générale’s euro-backed stablecoin, EUR CoinVertible (EURCV). The bank, a leading financial group based in France, has issued this asset on several public blockchains: Ethereum, Solana, the XRP Ledger, and Stellar. This illustrates a trend among regulated entities to experiment with open, public ledgers alongside private or permissioned networks.
Mini dictionary: Société Générale is one of Europe’s largest financial institutions, headquartered in France, and is active in both traditional and digital finance sectors.
The IMF references these blockchains not as the “leading” networks, but as examples of infrastructure being used by major banks to test regulated stablecoins on public protocols. The discussion underlines that public blockchain adoption is being observed across global banking partners, including those operating within the SWIFT network.
Market size, risks, and cautious outlookIn a separate analysis, the IMF’s October 2026 Global Financial Stability Report, “The Expansion of Tokenization: New Efficiencies and Vulnerabilities,” evaluates the scale and risks associated with increased tokenization. The report estimates the value of the tokenized real-world asset market at about $65 billion as of July.
Fixed-income products currently represent the dominant share of these tokenized assets. However, the IMF flags growing operational, liquidity, and contagion risks that come with greater dependence on smart contracts and decentralized ledgers. The report adopts a notably cautious tone, raising concerns rather than serving as advocacy for rapid tokenization.
IMF analysts emphasize that while banks are exploring regulated stablecoins on public blockchains such as XRP Ledger and Stellar, the growing market for tokenized real-world assets introduces new risks alongside efficiencies for the financial system.
Blockchain networkBank stablecoin testedGlobal adoption contextEthereumEURCVYesSolanaEURCVYesXRP LedgerEURCVYesStellarEURCVYesIn both the July and October IMF reports, there is no attempt to rank blockchains or declare any one network as dominant. The documentation simply records that multiple major chains have been chosen for institutional trials and deployments of stablecoins.
Interpretation and industry reactionsSocial media conversations have resurfaced around the IMF’s coverage of blockchain networks, with particular attention to the roles of XRP Ledger and Stellar as part of Europe’s regulated stablecoin implementations. However, the IMF remains neutral and analytical, focusing on infrastructure and market assessment rather than picking favorites among blockchain networks.
Discussions within the industry reflect this perspective, interpreting mentions of individual blockchains as recognition of their infrastructure role rather than explicit endorsements. Market observers continue to monitor how future IMF reports will address the balance between innovation and risk in tokenized finance.
The leap from being cited as infrastructure in regulatory documents to being called “leading” is an interpretive step, not a factual declaration by the IMF.
Ethereum kleslo o 5,67 % na 2 555 USD a testuje 100týdenní exponenciální klouzavý průměr (EMA) na úrovni 2 561 USD; podle analytiků by pokles pod něj mohl otevřít cestu k 2 100 USD.
Ethereum (ETH) fiyatı, kripto para piyasasında artan satış baskısıyla birlikte yüzde 5,67 gerileyerek 2.555 dolar seviyesine düştü. ETH piyasasında uzun pozisyon tasfiyelerinin haziran ayından bu yana en yüksek seviyeye ulaşması, yatırımcılar arasında endişeleri artırdı. Analistler, Ethereum’un kritik 100 haftalık üstel hareketli ortalama (EMA) desteğini test ettiğine dikkat çekerken bu seviyenin kaybedilmesi durumunda fiyatın 2.100 dolara kadar gerileyebileceği konusunda uyardı.
İlginizi Çekebilir: Altın Fiyatlarında Düşüş: Uzmandan Kritik Uyarı!
Ethereum’da 201 Milyon Dolarlık Tasfiye Ethereum piyasasında yaşanan sert düşüş, kaldıraçlı işlem yapan yatırımcıları olumsuz etkiledi. CoinGlass verilerine göre 7 Ekim’de ETH pozisyonlarında yaklaşık 201 milyon dolarlık tasfiye gerçekleşti. Bu rakam, 5 Haziran’dan bu yana kaydedilen en yüksek günlük uzun pozisyon tasfiyesine işaret ediyor. Aynı dönemde Bitcoin fiyatının 84.000 doların altına gerilemesiyle kripto para piyasasındaki toplam tasfiyeler 665 milyon dolara ulaştı. Binance üzerinde gerçekleşen 26 milyon dolarlık ETH/USDC işlemi ise en büyük tekil tasfiye olarak kaydedildi.
Kripto para analisti Ted Pillows, Ethereum fiyatının 2.600 dolar seviyesinin altına düşmesinin ardından 100 haftalık EMA desteğini test ettiğini belirtti. Analiste göre ETH’nin bu hareketli ortalamanın altında kapanış yapması, daha derin bir fiyat düzeltmesini tetikleyebilir. Bir diğer analist Daan Crypto ise Ethereum’un son yüzde 5’lik düşüşle birlikte iki ila üç haftadır işlem gördüğü fiyat aralığının altına indiğine dikkat çekti. Daan, güçlü bir toparlanma gerçekleşmediği sürece kısa vadeli teknik görünümün zayıf kalabileceğini ifade etti.
Ethereum ETF’lerinden Büyük Çıkış Ethereum fiyatındaki gerilemeye spot ETF piyasasında yaşanan fon çıkışları da eşlik etti. SoSoValue verilerine göre 7 Ekim’de ABD spot Ethereum ETF’lerinden yaklaşık 160 milyon dolarlık net çıkış gerçekleşti. Bu rakam, eylül ortasından bu yana görülen en yüksek günlük çıkış olarak kaydedildi. Haftalık bazda Ethereum ETF’lerinden toplam 252 milyon dolar çıkış yaşanırken bu miktar, Haziran 2026’dan bu yana en yüksek haftalık çıkış seviyesine ulaştı. Öte yandan aynı dönemde Bitcoin ETF’lerine 118 milyon dolar, XRP yatırım ürünlerine ise 3,14 milyon dolar giriş gerçekleşti.
Ethereum’un haftalık teknik grafiğinde 2.561 dolar seviyesindeki 100 haftalık EMA, kritik destek noktası olarak öne çıkıyor. Analistler, bu seviyenin altında gerçekleşecek haftalık kapanışların satış baskısını artırabileceğini değerlendiriyor. Geçmiş fiyat hareketlerinde benzer teknik kırılmaların ardından Ethereum’da sert düşüşler yaşanmıştı. Şubat 2025 ve Ocak 2026 dönemlerinde 100 haftalık EMA’nın kaybedilmesi, önemli fiyat düzeltmelerini beraberinde getirmişti. ETH’nin mevcut desteğini koruyamaması durumunda ilk olarak 2.400 doların altı, ardından 2.100 dolar bölgesi gündeme gelebilir.
Değerlendirme Ethereum fiyatındaki sert düşüş, artan kaldıraçlı pozisyon tasfiyeleri ve ETF çıkışlarıyla birlikte kripto para piyasasında dikkatleri ETH üzerine çevirdi. Analistlere göre 2.561 dolar seviyesindeki 100 haftalık EMA desteği, kısa vadeli fiyat hareketleri açısından belirleyici olabilir. Bu seviyenin kaybedilmesi durumunda 2.400 ve 2.100 dolar destekleri öne çıkarken 2.600 doların yeniden aşılması toparlanma beklentilerini güçlendirebilir. Yatırımcıların ETF akışlarını, tasfiye verilerini ve haftalık kapanışları yakından takip etmesi önem taşıyor.
Son Dakika kripto para haberleri için hemen tıkla.
Konu ile ilgili yorumlarınızı bize yazabilirsiniz. Ayrıca, bu tarz bilgilendirici içeriklerin devamının gelmesini isterseniz, bizleri Telegram, Youtube ve Twitter kanallarımızdan takip edebilirsiniz.
Moscow Exchange plánuje 1. prosince zahájit obchodování s kryptoměnami v souladu s novým ruským regulačním rámcem; zpočátku očekává, že bude podporovat BTC, ETH, SOL, XRP a TRX.
Moscow Exchange (MOEX), Russia’s largest stock exchange, plans to begin offering crypto trading on December 1 under the country’s new regulatory framework. Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), Solana (SOL), XRP and TRON (TRX) are expected to be the initial cryptocurrencies supported by the exchange
Moscow Exchange to Offer Crypto Trading Moscow Exchange is currently testing crypto trading with professional traders, said senior managing director for sales and business development Boris Blokhin on October 8. This is a test environment for digital currency trading, testing the functionality that will eventually be implemented in the production environment
“We will continue testing until launch. We plan to provide this cryptocurrency trading capability on December 1st, in line with the new legislation,” he added, according to TASS.
Moscow Exchange intends to use its existing trading organizer license and stock-market infrastructure for crypto assets, which the new regulations permit. “Therefore, everything is very simple – both for the participants and for us” as there is no additional inclusion in the exchange’s register is required.
The announcement follows the entry into force of Russia’s cryptocurrency market legislation in early September. The Bank of Russia has begun registering crypto exchange operators and crypto custodians such as Sberbank and VTB Bank.
As CoinGape reported, Sberbank plans to launch its first crypto products on December 1. The products will be offered via SberBank Online, SberInvestments and SberBusiness. These services are already available in the bank’s overall digital platform.
Under the framework, unqualified investors can buy only Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Tether (USDT), up to 300,000 rubles per year. Qualified investors can purchase all cryptocurrencies on the platform and over-the-counter markets, without a limit on the amount.
Moscow Exchange launched perpetual futures tied to Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, XRP, and TRON indices last month. The contracts are quoted in US dollars, settled in Russian rubles, and limited to qualified investors. This positions Russia’s Moscow Exchange to offer regulated crypto exposure alongside banks and other licensed intermediaries.
To understand how these state-backed initiatives compare with international providers, traders can look at our comprehensive review of the regulated crypto exchanges comparison currently operating in the market.
Investoři 7. října 2026 vybrali z fondu BlackRock iShares Ethereum Trust (ETHA) 116,05 milionu USD, což byl nejvyšší odliv mezi americkými etherovými ETF.
Investors in BlackRock’s iShares Ethereum Trust, ticker ETHA, sold $116.05 million worth of ETH exposure on October 7, 2026. It was the largest single-fund redemption of the day across the US Ethereum ETF market.
Two rough days for Ethereum funds Total outflows across US spot Ethereum ETFs reached $160.9 million on October 7. ETHA alone accounted for well over two-thirds of that figure.
The day before was worse. On October 6, sector-wide Ethereum ETF outflows hit $201.9 million, and that total was almost entirely attributable to ETHA.
On September 16, 2026, ETHA lost approximately $110 million. That was part of a $224 million outflow across Ethereum ETFs during that period.
Meanwhile, Bitcoin funds were having a very different week. US spot Bitcoin ETFs recorded net inflows of about $119 million on October 6, the same session Ethereum products saw their $201.9 million exit.
How big is ETHA, really ETHA launched in July 2024 and has led the Ethereum ETF category since then, accumulating over $13 billion in net inflows.
As of early October 2026, total assets across the Ethereum ETF sector stood at approximately $17.36 billion. ETHA represents the majority of that figure.
Rotation, not retreat The research behind these numbers points to a strategic reallocation by investors rather than a wholesale exit from digital assets. The Bitcoin inflows are the main evidence for that reading.
The research ties the pattern to fluctuating macroeconomic conditions, with investor behavior signaling potential shifts in asset allocation as the economic picture changes.
What this means for Ethereum and the ETF market According to the research, Ethereum futures could face increased volatility if the outflow pattern continues, particularly if it coincides with macroeconomic instability.
For investors, the more useful signal is the spread between Ethereum and Bitcoin flows rather than either figure alone. When one product loses money on the same day the other gains a comparable amount, the story is about relative conviction, not total conviction.
Also worth tracking: whether the sector’s approximately $17.36 billion asset base starts to erode meaningfully.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Vivian Nguyen. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
BitMine Immersion Technologies, the Nasdaq-listed treasury firm that became the world’s largest corporate ether holder, plans to stop buying the token once its stack reaches 5% of ETH’s circulating supply. Chairman Tom Lee said Wednesday at TOKEN2049 in Singapore that the company is roughly 100,000 ETH from that ceiling and will halt purchases when it gets there, CoinDesk reported.
The announcement caps a weekly accumulation streak that began in June 2025 and raises a sharper question than it first appears: if more than a year of steady buying did not stop ETH from falling, how much does losing that predictable buyer actually matter?
How Close BitMine Is to Its 5% Ceiling BitMine held 6,016,414 ETH as of its Monday update, worth about $15.5 billion and equal to roughly 4.9% of the 122.1 million tokens in circulation. The firm bought another $41 million in ether last week, and at that pace the final 100,000 ETH would take six to seven weeks to accumulate.
Lee framed the timeline as faster than expected. “We thought this would take five years,” he said on stage. “It took us a little over a year.” The company also holds $643 million in cash and marketable securities, more than twice what it would need to finish the run at current prices.
A Year of Weekly Buying That Failed to Hold Up Ether The end of the buying matters less as a flow event than as a signal. BitMine has bought ETH every week since launching its treasury strategy in June 2025, yet the token is down sharply over that stretch and the position is sitting on roughly $4.5 billion in unrealized losses, according to data compiled by DropsTab and cited by CoinDesk. Much of that buying happened during last year’s bull market at higher prices, which is why the position is deeply underwater despite the steady dollar-cost averaging.
That record cuts against the idea that a single corporate buyer can anchor the price. CoinDesk itself framed the purchases cautiously, noting they “may or may not have helped support ETH.” On Wednesday the token fell about 5% over 24 hours to its weakest level since September 20, dropping nearly twice as much as bitcoin. BitMine’s ascent past 6 million ETH also came while the broader market was still sliding.
What to Watch After the Buying Stops At roughly $41 million a week, BitMine’s purchases are a small share of ETH’s daily volume, so the direct flow impact of stopping is limited. The larger question is whether the firm’s exit removes a predictable, disclosed bid that traders had come to expect, and what it signals about the end of the treasury strategy.
Watch the 5% threshold over the next six to seven weeks, any word on how BitMine redeploys its $643 million cash reserve, and whether ether can stabilize after slipping below $2,600 as ETF outflows stretched into a sixth consecutive day.
AUTHOR
Tokoni Uti is a Lagos-based writer with several years of experience. Her work has appeared in the Huffington Post, the Los Angeles Free Press and the San Diego Free press among others. She is a graduate of Bowen University.
Výzkumník z Ethereum Foundation Justin Drake varuje, že umělá inteligence by teoreticky mohla prolomit podpisy ECDSA. Žádný takový útok však dosud nebyl prokázán.
Justin Drake, a researcher at the Ethereum Foundation, believes that artificial intelligence could discover a method to break certain cryptographic signatures before sufficiently powerful quantum computers arrive. He calls on the sector to prepare a “bunker mode”, while specifying that no attack has currently been demonstrated.
In brief Justin Drake warns about the risk that AI discovers a method to break certain cryptographic signatures. This threat remains theoretical but could weaken the security of Ethereum and Bitcoin. The researcher recommends a ‘bunker mode’ to protect funds and limit public key exposure. Ethereum is already preparing its transition to post-quantum cryptography, with no immediate urgency for users. Ethereum security: what Justin Drake fears The warning concerns ECDSA, a signature system used by Ethereum and Bitcoin to verify that a transaction genuinely comes from the owner of a private key. It is not an encryption of transactions but an authentication mechanism.
When a wallet makes a transaction, its public key can be reconstructed from the signature published on the blockchain. A mathematical discovery that quickly derives the private key from this public key would expose the funds remaining at the address.
Several elements structure the alert issued by Justin Drake :
The considered attack would rely on a new algorithm discovered with the help of AI ; It could operate on large sets of graphics processors, without a quantum computer ; Addresses that have never signed a transaction keep their public key hidden behind a hash function; Large platforms and significant holders should gradually prepare a migration ; No public element shows that ECDSA can be broken in this way today. The researcher stated:
“I am today calling on the blockchain industry to calmly begin planning a bunker mode.”
He recommends controlled migration to new addresses, without hasty movement that could create other vulnerabilities.
AI is not yet breaking private keys Justin Drake describes an extreme scenario where a private key could be found within a week using available hardware, like a large cluster of GPUs. He believes that, in the worst case, this risk could emerge “within a few months, not years”.
However, this deadline does not represent either a consensual forecast or proof of a known vulnerability. No classical algorithm capable of efficiently solving the mathematical problem underlying ECDSA has been made public.
The researcher bases his concern on rapid AI progress in mathematics. On October 6, OpenAI published a set of 722 manuscripts, grouped into 372 result families, produced by an internal model. Some include formalized proofs, but the scientific community still needs to examine the scope and validity.
Drake considers that elliptic curves have a mathematical structure that might reveal unknown shortcuts. “Elliptic curves seem particularly vulnerable to superintelligence,” he asserts. Hash functions seem more resistant because they rely on fewer exploitable structures.
“Bunker mode” would protect unused addresses The proposed plan involves gradually transferring assets to new addresses that have not yet signed any transaction. Their public key thus remains hidden by the address derived from a hash function.
After each expenditure, the user should move the remaining balance to a new address. This method would complicate an attack targeting already exposed public keys, but it is not a final protection against all future cryptographic advances.
Justin Drake primarily requests large holders and professional actors to study this strategy. He specifically cites Binance, Bitbank, Robinhood, Bitfinex, and Tether, whose custody wallets hold significant amounts.
A badly prepared massive migration would, however, create its own risks. Address errors, incompatible contracts, phishing attempts, and custodian service saturation could cause more loss than this still theoretical threat. That is why the researcher insists on a slow and coordinated transition.
Ethereum accelerates its cryptographic transition Ethereum’s official documentation maintains that no quantum computer can currently break the network’s cryptography. It therefore states that users have no urgent action to take.
The Ethereum Foundation nevertheless created a team dedicated to post-quantum security in January 2026. Its roadmap specifically includes signatures based on hash functions, as well as a native accounts abstraction. This would allow each wallet to adopt a new verification system.
The main post-quantum infrastructures are targeted around 2029, with no guarantee for this deadline. The network must also adapt validator signatures, cryptographic commitments related to data, and certain proof systems.
Justin Drake’s alert therefore does not mean ethers are currently threatened. It rather broadens the risk: the next cryptographic break could come from an algorithmic discovery produced by AI, not only a quantum machine.
Maximize your Cointribune experience with our "Read to Earn" program! For every article you read, earn points and access exclusive rewards. Sign up now and start earning benefits.
Join the program
A
A
Lien copié
Luc Jose A.
Diplômé de Sciences Po Toulouse et titulaire d'une certification consultant blockchain délivrée par Alyra, j'ai rejoint l'aventure Cointribune en 2019. Convaincu du potentiel de la blockchain pour transformer de nombreux secteurs de l'économie, j'ai pris l'engagement de sensibiliser et d'informer le grand public sur cet écosystème en constante évolution. Mon objectif est de permettre à chacun de mieux comprendre la blockchain et de saisir les opportunités qu'elle offre. Je m'efforce chaque jour de fournir une analyse objective de l'actualité, de décrypter les tendances du marché, de relayer les dernières innovations technologiques et de mettre en perspective les enjeux économiques et sociétaux de cette révolution en marche.
DISCLAIMER
The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed in this article belong solely to the author, and should not be taken as investment advice. Do your own research before taking any investment decisions.
Zůstatky uživatelů Binance v BTC mezi 1. zářím a 1. říjnem vzrostly o 0,91 % na 688 600 BTC, zatímco zůstatky v ETH klesly o 4,61 % na 3,799 milionu ETH.
In a recent update, Binance’s October Proof of Reserves (PoR) data shows that users were more inclined towards Bitcoin [BTC] on the exchange.
Meanwhile, their holdings of Ethereum [ETH], Tether [USDT], and Binance [BNB] declined between the 1st of September and the 1st of October.
Source: Binance Changes in Binance’s October PoR As per Binance’s report, user BTC holdings rose 0.91% to about 688,600 BTC, meaning users collectively added roughly 6,217 BTC to their Binance balances. In contrast, ETH holdings fell 4.61% to around 3.799 million ETH, a decline of approximately 183,600 ETH.
At the same time, USDT holdings also declined 0.87% to roughly 32.03 billion USDT, meaning users held about 280 million fewer USDT than a month earlier. Meanwhile, BNB holdings decreased 0.77% to approximately 43.04 million BNB, down around 334,200 BNB.
All in all, the data shows a shift in the composition of assets held by Binance users, with Bitcoin becoming more prominent while ETH, USDT, and BNB balances decreased. However, PoR is essentially a snapshot of assets held for users at a particular point, not a direct measure of buying or selling pressure.
Price action and more This comes as Bitcoin traded at $83,448.55 at press time after a drop of 3.2% in the past 24 hours. Whereas Ethereum was trading at $2,573.66 after a drop of 5.0%, while BNB was down 2.4% over the same period.
All of this coincided with Binance’s MiCA licensing setback in the EU, which was reportedly influenced by ECB President Christine Lagarde.
According to AMBCrypto’s recent report, Lagarde allegedly intervened to stop Greece’s regulator from approving the exchange’s application amid concerns that USD-based stablecoins could undermine the Digital Euro.
Final Summary Binance’s October Proof of Reserves (PoR) shows a rise in Bitcoin holdings. Meanwhile, there was a drop in ETH, BNB, and USDT holdings.
Objem stablecoinu Open USD (OUSD) v oběhu na Ethereu vzrostl během zhruba týdne z přibližně 10 milionů USD na více než 100 milionů USD, zejména díky ražbě tokenů ze strany zakládajících partnerů.
Open USD (OUSD), the new stablecoin issued by Stripe subsidiary Bridge, just had a very good first week on Ethereum. Its market cap on the network climbed from about $10 million to more than $100 million in roughly seven days.
The growth was driven largely by minting from the project’s founding partners. That partner list reads like the guest roster at a payments industry gala: Coinbase, Mastercard, Shopify, Stripe and Visa.
How OUSD got to $100 million on Ethereum The rise on Ethereum is one piece of a bigger debut. OUSD’s total supply across all chains reached roughly $666 million to $722 million within days of launch. On-chain data put the figure at about $666.3 million by October 5, 2026.
Ethereum was not the main stage at first. At launch, 71% of OUSD’s supply lived on the Tempo blockchain, while about 9% sat on Ethereum.
Ethereum’s share then grew quickly. Supply on the network went from the low double-digit millions to over $100 million by early October, tracking heavy partner-driven minting. Placements with institutions and market makers added to the climb.
Activity numbers also look healthy at first glance. OUSD logged $2.6 billion in transfer volume as of October 5. The token had somewhere between 554 and 613 holders at that point.
Advertisement
Those two figures together say a lot. Billions of dollars moved, but only a few hundred addresses held the coin. That is the profile of institutional plumbing, not a retail frenzy.
A heavyweight consortium with a concentration problem OUSD is the product of Open Standard, a group whose founding partners hold equal equity stakes. Coinbase, Mastercard, Shopify, Stripe and Visa collectively committed over $1 billion in initial liquidity to get the stablecoin off the ground.
The coin is fiat-backed, meaning each token is supposed to be matched by real dollars or equivalents held in reserve. OUSD’s reserves are held at BlackRock, Lead Bank and BNY Mellon. Those reserves support its $1 peg.
Businesses can mint and redeem OUSD on a 1:1 basis. There are no transaction fees and no volume limits on either side of that process.
The token is already available on Coinbase, Kraken and Uniswap. It is also accessible through Stripe, Visa and Mastercard.
On-chain data showed that 10 wallets held approximately 74% of OUSD’s total supply.
Decentralized exchange trading has been thin as well. Across all chains, DEX volume came to roughly $4.1 million in the first six days after launch.
Compare that with the $2.6 billion in transfer volume. Plenty of money is moving between wallets, but very little of it is being traded on open markets.
What this means for traders, issuers and Ethereum The most important signal from OUSD’s first week is who is using it. A large transfer volume, a small holder count and heavy wallet concentration all point to institutions and partners doing the early heavy lifting.
For traders, concentration cuts both ways. When 10 wallets control roughly 74% of supply, decisions by a few holders could swing liquidity on a given chain. Thin DEX activity also means slippage risk for anyone trying to trade larger amounts on decentralized venues.
The flip side is that redemption at 1:1 without fees or limits gives institutional holders a clean exit. That mechanism, combined with reserves at BlackRock, Lead Bank and BNY Mellon, is designed to keep the peg anchored even if on-chain trading stays light.
Several metrics will tell the real story over the coming weeks. Watch whether the holder count climbs well beyond the 554 to 613 range. Watch whether the share held by the top 10 wallets falls from around 74%. And watch whether DEX volume grows beyond the roughly $4.1 million recorded in the first six days.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Kaye Quema. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Coinbase official logo (public domain, Wikimedia Commons) — CryptoBriefing brand treatment
Coinbase Pro is set to return with enhanced features, according to an announcement made by Coinbase on social media. The professional platform, which had been previously integrated into Coinbase’s main app, will now offer expanded market options and improved precision for its users. This development follows Coinbase’s strategic integration with Deribit, resulting in the creation of the Coinbase Global Exchange. The revamped Pro platform is expected to support a diverse range of financial instruments, including spot, futures, perpetuals, options, and equities. This move could potentially increase market interest and activity, especially in the Ethereum markets.
Key Takeaways The return of Coinbase Pro suggests a renewed focus on advanced market offerings, which may indicate increased activity in related markets. The integration with Deribit and formation of Coinbase Global Exchange reflects a strategic expansion of Coinbase’s ecosystem. Market pricing suggests that the relaunch could influence Ethereum’s future price predictions, consistent with scenarios where increased exchange activity supports higher price outcomes. What to Watch Observers should monitor how the reintroduction of Coinbase Pro impacts Ethereum’s market dynamics, particularly in the context of the existing prediction markets. Key actors such as Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong and Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin may provide further insights or developments that could influence market expectations. Additionally, developments in regulatory environments and institutional adoption of Ethereum could also play a significant role in shaping future price movements. Markets will be watching for any indications of increased volumes or shifts in market sentiment as the platform relaunches.
Term Structure
Contract Odds Δ since publish Volume 24h December 31, 2026 0.9% — — View market → December 31, 2026 1.2% — — View market → December 31, 2026 1.9% — — View market → December 31, 2026 2.9% — — View market → December 31, 2026 4.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 19.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 4.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 1.2% — — View market → January 1 2027 1.1% — — View market → January 1 2027 1.7% — — View market → January 1 2027 4% — — View market → January 1 2027 10.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 6.9% — — View market → January 1 2027 2.8% — — View market → January 1 2027 1% — — View market → January 1 2027 4.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 47.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 9.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 2.1% — — View market → January 1 2027 19.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 35.5% — — View market →
A long-term Ethereum investor has captured widespread attention after selling 13,320 ETH for $36.34 million on Coinbase, realizing one of the most extraordinary profits in recent memory. Blockchain data from Arkham Intelligence traced the transfer, which took place approximately seven hours before the disclosure on X/Twitter by crypto analyst Ted (@TedPillows).
The scale of the gainThe investor reportedly purchased their Ethereum at $0.31 per token, a price last seen in 2015. With ETH changing hands at about $2,727 at the time of the sale, the result was a reported 8,750x gain on the position. The wallet had previously sent 15,000 ETH to Coinbase six months earlier—worth $30.97 million then—along with two smaller transfers, signaling a pattern of significant, staggered exits.
At an entry of $0.31 per ETH, the seller achieved a nearly 8,750-fold return, transforming an initial outlay of around $4,150 for 13,400 ETH into tens of millions of dollars.
A community commentator noted that across multiple sales, the wallet maintained an average realized price of $1,137 per ETH for about 170,000 tokens. This series of transactions appears to represent a near-complete liquidation of an original initial coin offering (ICO) allocation.
Mini dictionary: Arkham Intelligence, a blockchain analytics platform that tracks wallet activities and large transactions for cryptocurrencies.
ETH Bought Price (2015)ETH Sale Price (2026)Total ETH SoldTotal USD ValueReported Return$0.31$2,72713,320$36,340,0008,750xCommunity observations and wallet behaviorAnalysts and on-chain investigators closely monitored the technical aspects of the transaction. One observer highlighted that a small 10 ETH “test” was sent to Coinbase shortly before the main transaction, indicating caution and an attempt to verify the receiving address before the larger transfer occurred. Four additional addresses, closely resembling the main deposit address, were used as decoys, possibly as a privacy tactic.
Following the significant sale, the wallet retains 1,484 ETH, suggesting that while the primary holdings have been liquidated, some exposure remains. This pattern fits observed behavior from early adopters who manage exits carefully to minimize market impact and preserve privacy.
The use of multiple practice transfers and decoy addresses drew particular attention from blockchain analysts tracking the whale’s moves.
Holding conviction and timing of exitObservers remarked on the extraordinary conviction required to hold Ethereum through multiple bull and bear market cycles. According to one community member, the seller “bought at $0.31 and never sold through all the volatility, holding like a time traveler.” This level of patience is rare even among early ICO participants.
Several voices in the crypto community commented on the exit point itself. One market participant emphasized that this sale coincided with the first weekly close of ETH above $2,700 in nine months, arguing that the timing demonstrated rational market awareness. In recent months, Ethereum’s social sentiment indicators have notably deteriorated, which may have contributed to the investor’s decision to exit at the next significant rally.
V potenciálních likvidačních zónách se nacházejí long pozice Etherea v hodnotě 414,1 milionu USD a short pozice v hodnotě 640,6 milionu USD, přičemž open interest futures činí 33,9 miliardy USD.
Ethereum spent October 7 doing something rare for a crypto asset: almost nothing. ETH traded at $2,699.33, down 0.1% on the day.
The quiet price action hides a more crowded picture in derivatives. About $414.1 million in ETH long positions sit in potential liquidation zones, alongside $640.6 million in shorts.
The liquidation numbers, by the tracker Across the broader crypto market, about $148.3 million in leveraged positions were forcibly closed over 24 hours. Depending on the data provider, the figure ranged from $148 million to $154 million.
The split between bulls and bears was nearly even. Longs accounted for $76.1 million of the total, and shorts made up $72.2 million.
Ethereum’s share of the damage was modest. ETH liquidations came in between $15.7 million and $18.4 million, depending on the source. Gate reported $5.5 million in ETH longs liquidated on its platform alone.
For context, ETH has been trading in a narrow band of roughly $2,700 to $2,715. Wiping out $15.7 million to $18.4 million inside a range that tight shows how thin the margin for error gets once leverage enters the picture.
What a liquidation actually is Think of leveraged trading like buying a house with a tiny down payment. If prices fall far enough, the lender stops waiting for you to recover. It sells the house to protect itself.
Crypto exchanges work the same way, just faster and with less paperwork. A trader posts collateral, borrows to enlarge the bet, and agrees to a price that triggers automatic closure. When the market hits that price, the exchange closes the position. The trader’s collateral is gone.
A long liquidation hits someone betting the price would rise. A short liquidation hits someone betting it would fall. Both showed up in roughly equal measure this time.
Forced selling can also feed on itself. When longs get liquidated, exchanges sell the underlying asset. That selling can push prices lower and trigger the next batch of liquidations. Shorts face the reverse, with forced buying pushing prices higher.
Open interest says traders are still leaning in ETH futures open interest stood at about $33.9 billion, measuring the total value of derivatives contracts still open.
That optimism stands in contrast to spot ETF flows. US spot Ethereum exchange-traded funds have seen significant outflows recently. ETF investors, who tend to be more traditional and less leveraged, have been pulling money out.
Why the liquidation zones matter more than the day’s damage Right now, $414.1 million in ETH longs sit in those zones. If the price drops into that territory, those positions could be closed automatically, adding sell pressure as they unwind.
On the other side, $640.6 million in shorts are stacked up. If ETH rallies into those levels, short sellers could be forced to buy back, potentially fueling a sharper move higher.
What to watch from here The larger short pool is worth noting. With $640.6 million in shorts versus $414.1 million in longs in the potential liquidation zones, the forced-buying fuel above the price is bigger than the forced-selling fuel below it.
The $33.9 billion in open interest is the other number to monitor. If it keeps climbing while price stays flat, leverage is building without a release valve. If it drops sharply, that usually means positions are being closed, voluntarily or otherwise.
Spot ETF flows remain the wild card. Continued outflows from US spot ETH ETFs would suggest the more conservative end of the market still does not share the futures crowd’s enthusiasm.
A 0.1% daily move still produced millions in liquidations across a tight range. The market does not need a crash to clear out overextended positions. A few bad hours will do.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Vivian Nguyen. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Ethereum has fewer validators than it did at the start of the year. It also has a lot more ETH staked.
As of October 6, 2026, active validators on the network sit somewhere between approximately 863,459 and 868,000. Total staked ETH, meanwhile, has climbed to approximately 43.7 million. Fewer seats at the table, but the table is holding more money than ever.
The explanation isn’t an exodus. It’s housekeeping, made possible by the Pectra upgrade that lets operators merge validator balances without pulling their ETH out of the protocol.
The numbers behind the shrink The validator count fell by about 4.9% over the past month, a drop of roughly 44,500.
Zoom out to January and the decline looks bigger. The network started 2026 with nearly 975,000 active validators.
Staked ETH began the year at roughly 36.3 million and has since grown to approximately 43.7 million. That works out to over 7 million ETH added to staking during 2026. The staked total now represents around 35.8% of Ethereum’s entire supply.
Advertisement
Why Pectra changed the math The Pectra upgrade went live on May 7, 2025. Its most consequential change for stakers came through EIP-7251.
Before that proposal, every validator was capped at an effective balance of 32 ETH. If you wanted to stake 320 ETH, you needed ten separate validators, each with its own keys and its own attestation duties.
EIP-7251 raised that ceiling to 2,048 ETH per validator. A single validator can now do the work that used to require dozens.
Larger effective balances allow consensus-layer rewards to auto-compound, rather than sitting idle above the old 32 ETH cap.
The kicker is that consolidation doesn’t require withdrawing. Operators can combine balances while their ETH stays staked, which is why the validator count can fall while the staked total rises.
Lido is doing the heavy lifting The largest staking provider on Ethereum is behind much of this trend. Lido is in the process of merging over 265,000 individual validators into approximately 4,000 larger ones.
If the project runs to completion, the overall validator population could contract by about one-third.
Queues on both ends Consolidation isn’t the only thing happening. Ethereum’s exit queue has risen to unprecedented levels, reaching hundreds of thousands of ETH. At the same time, entry waits are significant. New stakers are lining up to get in even as others line up to leave.
What this means for ETH holders and the network For investors, the clearest signal is the staked ETH figure. More than 7 million ETH entering staking this year points to sustained demand for locking up tokens in exchange for protocol rewards.
It’s worth separating optics from substance here. Fewer validator entries doesn’t automatically mean fewer independent parties, since one operator was already controlling those 265,000 validators before the merge began.
What to watch next: whether Lido completes its merge, how quickly the exit queue drains, and whether staked ETH keeps climbing past its current share of roughly 35.8% of supply.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Estefano Gomez. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
21shares prodloužila 100% prominutí sponzorského poplatku u fondu Ethereum Staking ETF (TETH) do 8. října 2027. Čistý výnos fondu ze stakingu činil k 1. říjnu 2026 2,65 %.
Sponsor fee waiver extended for an additional 12 months to provide zero-cost exposure and staking yield potential for U.S. investors
NEW YORK, October 6, 2026 – 21shares, one of the world’s largest issuers of cryptocurrency exchange traded funds (ETFs), today announced a 12-month extension of the sponsor fee waiver for the 21shares Ethereum Staking ETF (TETH).
Originally introduced alongside the integration of staking features in October 2025, the 100% sponsor fee waiver will now remain in effect for an additional year through October 8, 2027.
Through staking, the Trust participates in Ethereum’s network validation process, enabling investors to benefit from the yield-generating potential of the protocol. The net staking reward (after the deduction of fees and expenses) for TETH, as of October 1, 2026 is 2.65%.
“Extending our fee waiver for an additional 12 months underscores our commitment to providing investors with cost-efficient access to Ethereum,” said Duncan Moir, President and Chief Investment Officer at 21shares. “By combining a 100% fee waiver with the yield-generating power of network staking, we are continuing to pass the native benefits of blockchain technology directly back to our investors at zero cost.”
The fee waiver extension applies automatically to all current and prospective shareholders, with no action required from investors.
For more information on TETH, please visit https://www.21shares.com/en-us/products-us/teth.
About 21shares
21shares is one of the world’s leading cryptocurrency exchange traded product (ETP) providers and offers one of the largest suites of crypto ETPs in the market. The company was founded to make cryptocurrency more accessible to investors, and to bridge the gap between traditional finance and decentralized finance. 21shares listed the world’s first physically-backed crypto ETP in 2018, building a seven-year track record of creating crypto ETPs that are listed on some of the biggest, most liquid securities exchanges globally. Backed by a specialized research team, proprietary technology, and deep capital markets expertise, 21shares delivers innovative, simple and cost-efficient investment solutions.
21shares is a subsidiary of FalconX, one of the world's largest digital asset prime brokers. 21shares maintains independent operations from FalconX while strategically leveraging the resources and reach of FalconX to accelerate its mission and unlock new growth. For more information, please visit www.21shares.com.
Media Contact
Audrey Belloff: [email protected]
Alethea Jadick: [email protected]
Important Information
The 21shares Ethereum Staking ETF (TETH) (referred to as the “Trust”) is not registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “40 Act”) and therefore is not subject to the same regulations and protections as 40 Act registered ETFs and mutual funds. Investing involves significant risk, including possible loss of principal. An investment in the Trust is subject to a high degree of risk and heightened volatility and not suitable for all investors. The Trust is not suitable for an investor who cannot afford the loss of the entire investment. An investment in the Trust is not a direct investment in ETH.
Investing involves significant risk, including the possible loss of principal. There is no assurance that the Trust will generate a profit for investors.
Ethereum is a relatively new asset class, and the market for these assets is subject to rapid changes and uncertainty. Ethereum is largely unregulated and these investments may be more susceptible to fraud and manipulation than more regulated investments.
Must be preceded or accompanied by the prospectus for TETH (here).
The Trust participates in staking a portion of its holdings in order to generate additional rewards. Staking involves committing assets to support the operations of a blockchain and, in return, may provide rewards to the Trust. While staking can potentially enhance returns, it also introduces additional risks, including operational, technological, regulatory, and counterparty risks. Staking Ethereum introduces several risks, including the possibility of losing staked Ethereum through penalties, slashing, or inactivity leaks if validators behave poorly, go offline, or violate protocol rules. Staked Ethereum can also be locked for long and unpredictable periods due to activation and exit queues, creating liquidity constraints and making it harder to meet redemptions. Because staking depends heavily on third-party providers, operational failures, outages, cybersecurity breaches, or mismanagement by these providers could lead to lost assets or reduced rewards. Rewards themselves are uncertain and can fluctuate based on network conditions, validator performance, governance changes, commission rates, and downtime. Additionally, staking may create conflicts of interest if operators are incentivized to stake more Ethereum than is prudent, increasing liquidity risk.
Ethereum is subject to unique and substantial risks, including significant price volatility, lack of liquidity, and theft. The value of an investment in the Trust could decline significantly and without warning, including to zero. Ethereum is subject to rapid price swings, including as a result of actions and statements by influencers and the media, changes in supply and demand, and other factors. There is no assurance that Ethereum will maintain its value over the long-term.
Staking rewards earned by the Trust accrue to the Trust's assets and are reflected in NAV over time. The Trust will not distribute staking rewards directly to shareholders. Shareholders may nonetheless incur tax liability on staking income without receiving a corresponding distribution. The treatment of staking in a grantor trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes is still developing and may change.
Failure by the Trust’s Custodians to exercise due care in the safekeeping of the Trust's underlying digital assets, as applicable, could result in a loss to the Trust. Shareholders cannot be assured that a Custodian will maintain adequate insurance with respect to the digital assets held by the Custodian on behalf of the Trust.
The Trust is not actively managed and will not take any actions to take advantage, or mitigate the impacts, of volatility in the price of its underlying digital assets, as applicable. An investment in the Trust is not a direct investment in Ethereum. Investors will also forgo certain rights conferred by owning these digital assets directly. Shares of a Trust are generally bought and sold at market price (not NAV) and are not individually redeemed from the Trust. Only Authorized Participants may trade directly with a Trust and only in large blocks of Shares called "creation units." Your brokerage commissions will reduce returns.
Shares in the Trust are not FDIC insured, may lose value, and have no bank guarantee.
The Marketing Agent for the Trust is Foreside Global Services, LLC. 21shares US LLC is the Sponsor to the Trust. 21shares is not affiliated with Foreside Global Services, LLC. FalconX is not affiliated with Foreside Global Services, LLC.
BitGo rozšířilo partnerství s HashKey Cloud o staking etheru a solany, obchodování, úschovu aktiv a tokenizaci reálných aktiv pro institucionální klienty v Asii.
BTGO rises 0.27% pre-market as BitGo expands its HashKey Cloud partnership. BitGo and HashKey Cloud deepen ties across staking, trading, custody, and RWAs. HashKey Cloud will support Ethereum and Solana staking for eligible BitGo clients. BitGo will provide custody services to HashKey Capital and related investment funds. The partnership expands BitGo’s institutional crypto reach across key Asian markets. BitGo Holdings stock edged higher Tuesday after the company expanded its institutional digital asset partnership with HashKey Cloud. BTGO traded at $7.40 in pre-market trading, gaining 0.27% after closing unchanged at $7.38. The agreement strengthens BitGo’s reach across staking, trading, custody, and real-world asset tokenization in Asia.
BitGo Holdings, Inc., BTGO
BitGo and HashKey Cloud formally signed the strategic agreement during TOKEN2049 week in Singapore. Senior executives from both companies attended the signing ceremony at the Fullerton Bay Hotel. The partnership expands an existing relationship between two firms serving institutional digital asset markets.
The companies will cooperate across four major infrastructure areas under the new agreement. These include institutional staking, trading services, digital asset custody, and real-world asset tokenization. The structure gives institutional clients access to several services through one broader infrastructure relationship.
BitGo provides custody and digital asset infrastructure services to institutions across global markets. Meanwhile, HashKey Cloud operates staking and Web3 infrastructure under Hong Kong-based HashKey Group. Their combined operations could strengthen access to regulated digital asset services across Asian markets.
Ethereum Staking Becomes Initial Focus HashKey Cloud will become a validator partner on BitGo’s institutional staking platform. Ethereum will form one of the first supported networks under the expanded partnership. Eligible BitGo clients will therefore gain another infrastructure option for institutional ETH staking.
The arrangement allows HashKey Cloud to provide validator services through BitGo’s existing platform. BitGo will continue controlling client access based on regulatory and onboarding requirements. The companies will limit services to jurisdictions where local rules permit their operations.
Ethereum staking remains an important service for institutions seeking participation in blockchain infrastructure. However, institutions often require custody, compliance, and operational controls alongside staking services. The partnership combines these functions within a broader institutional framework.
Solana Staking and RWA Services Broaden BitGo Reach Solana will join Ethereum among the first staking networks supported through HashKey Cloud. The companies will also work together to support institutional digital asset trading flows. This approach expands the partnership beyond staking into wider market infrastructure.
BitGo will separately provide custody solutions to HashKey Capital and associated investment funds. Those services remain subject to standard onboarding procedures and separate agreements. The arrangement could deepen BitGo’s role within HashKey’s institutional investment operations.
BitGo will also serve as a custody partner for HashKey’s real-world asset tokenization projects. Tokenized assets require secure custody infrastructure to connect traditional assets with blockchain-based ownership systems. The agreement therefore expands BitGo’s exposure to another growing area of institutional digital finance.
HashKey Group operates a regulated digital asset business with a strong presence in Hong Kong. BitGo brings global custody infrastructure and services designed for institutional clients. Together, the firms aim to support digital asset adoption through regulated infrastructure across key Asian markets.
SEC schválila společnosti Volatility Shares první americká 3× páková ETF na futures na bitcoin a ether. Fondy se však nezačnou obchodovat, dokud nenabudou účinnosti jejich registrační prohlášení S-1.
TLDR On October 2, the SEC greenlit six triple-leveraged ETFs tracking Bitcoin, Ethereum, gold, silver, oil, and natural gas. The cryptocurrency products will gain exposure through regulated futures rather than direct coin holdings. Trading cannot commence until Volatility Shares receives effective S-1 registration statements. The issuer has not yet disclosed a launch timeline for the new products. Daily rebalancing means returns may diverge significantly from three times the longer-term asset movement. The United States Securities and Exchange Commission has approved the nation’s first triple-leveraged exchange-traded funds offering exposure to Bitcoin and Ethereum. The regulatory green light came on October 2, 2026, following a rule modification filed with Cboe BZX.
🚨JUST IN: The SEC just APPROVED a rule change allowing 3x leveraged ETFs tied to Bitcoin, Ethereum, gold, silver, crude oil and natural gas from Volatility Shares.
The funds would use regulated FUTURES rather than holding the underlying assets directly.
They are NOT trading… pic.twitter.com/SMiqRONgV4
— Coin Bureau (@coinbureau) October 5, 2026
The approval enables Volatility Shares to bring six new 3x leveraged products to market. These offerings will track Bitcoin, Ethereum, gold, silver, crude oil, and natural gas.
The Bitcoin-linked product is anticipated to list under ticker symbol BITH, while the Ethereum-tracking fund will likely trade as ETHK.
How the Funds Will Work Both cryptocurrency funds will avoid direct ownership of digital coins. Instead, they’ll employ regulated futures instruments, including CME-linked contracts, to deliver approximately three times the daily percentage change of Bitcoin or Ethereum.
If the futures benchmark rises 1% in a single day, the fund should gain roughly 3%, excluding fees and expenses. Conversely, a 1% decline would translate to approximately a 3% loss.
Each fund rebalances its leverage at the close of every trading session. This daily reset mechanism is a defining characteristic of leveraged exchange-traded products.
Due to this rebalancing structure, the products are engineered to deliver triple the daily return exclusively. They’re not intended to replicate three times the performance over weekly, monthly, or annual periods.
Volatility Shares currently operates BITX, a 2x Bitcoin fund. The firm brings existing expertise in managing leveraged cryptocurrency strategies to these newly approved offerings.
Waiting on Registration Before Trading Begins Despite the SEC’s rule change approval, these funds remain unavailable for trading. Volatility Shares must still obtain effectiveness on its Form S-1 registration documents.
No confirmed timeline exists for this final regulatory step. The issuer has not publicly announced when either fund will become available to investors.
Market observers have highlighted risks associated with the long-term performance characteristics of these instruments. Daily rebalancing can produce counterintuitive results: a cryptocurrency that rises and then falls by equal percentages may still generate outsized losses for the leveraged fund compared to the underlying asset.
As an illustration, if Bitcoin climbs 10% and subsequently drops 10%, Bitcoin itself would decline roughly 1%. A triple-leveraged fund tracking these movements could fall approximately 9% due to compounding effects from daily resets.
A single-day plunge of approximately 33% in the underlying futures contracts could theoretically eliminate the fund’s entire net asset value. This vulnerability explains why these instruments are typically marketed toward short-term traders who monitor positions actively.
Other asset managers have pursued similar triple-leveraged cryptocurrency products. GraniteShares filed for 3x XRP funds earlier in 2026 but encountered regulatory obstacles.
This approval represents one element of expanded regulatory engagement with digital asset products throughout the United States this year. The SEC has also published guidance addressing staking receipt tokens and various digital asset frameworks.
Regulators have been examining rules governing adviser custody of cryptocurrencies and tokenized securities offerings. Submissions from OKX and ICE concerning tokenized NYSE equity shares have progressed under an SEC innovation pilot program.
In parallel developments, the Treasury Department has reversed course on earlier proposals to regulate crypto mixing services. The SEC has also explored potential innovation exemptions for tokenized securities issuances.
Currently, both the 3x Bitcoin and 3x Ethereum funds remain inaccessible to retail and institutional investors. Trading will only commence once registration statements receive formal effectiveness declarations.
Ethereum Economic Zone dokončila první atomickou transakci mezi mainnetem Etherea a L2: převedla 0,001 ETH a aktualizovala stav rollupu bez použití mostu.
The Ethereum Economic Zone (EEZ) has successfully completed what contributors described as the first atomic transaction between the Ethereum mainnet and a layer-2 (L2) network. EEZ contributor Eduardo Antuña Díez published details of the achievement on Tuesday, signaling a major development in cross-chain interoperability for the Ethereum ecosystem.
First atomic cross-chain transactionThe transaction, which was publicly shared by Antuña Díez, included a cross-chain call transferring 0.001 Ether (ETH) and executing a state update for a rollup network. Atomic transactions ensure that all interconnected processes across separate blockchains either complete entirely or revert without any effect if any single element fails. This approach greatly reduces risk for users sending assets or messages across different chains.
EEZ’s work addresses longstanding limitations in Ethereum’s network design, primarily those affecting liquidity and application development across L2 networks. In March, developers outlined the framework’s goal: to enable various rollups and Ethereum mainnet to interact in a single atomic transaction, eliminating traditional reliance on cross-chain bridges.
By enabling seamless and secure interaction between networks, the platform seeks to resolve issues around fragmented liquidity and challenge the siloed nature of current L2 deployments.
DeFi leaders highlight impactGnosis co-founder Friederike Ernst previously explained that the inability to synchronize operations across L2 networks has forced protocols to deploy separate contracts on each rollup. This fragmentation, Ernst noted, has splintered user liquidity across multiple markets rather than unifying it on a single order book.
Jakub Gregus, co-founder of decentralized finance protocol Hydration, identified the new atomic transaction capability as a fundamental breakthrough, emphasizing its potential impact on the Ethereum ecosystem. He described it as a landmark achievement with the capacity to directly benefit Ethereum and advance interoperability.
The demonstration has drawn attention among decentralized finance (DeFi) developers seeking improved network integration and more robust user experience for Ethereum applications.
Efforts to improve composabilityEEZ’s atomic cross-chain solution comes as Ethereum researchers intensify their focus on composability and interoperability among L2 networks. The project aims to reconnect liquidity and dApps, allowing for stronger cooperation and fewer redundancies when building on Ethereum.
For instance, many protocols have struggled to create unified experiences or pool funds efficiently because they must maintain separate versions of their projects on different L2s. Improving interoperability has become a priority to consolidate fragmented markets and applications back onto a single, coordinated ecosystem.
In a market where a single Fed decision or a sudden altcoin listing can change everything in seconds, jumping between different apps for charts, news, and portfolio tracking is costing investors money. Smart traders are now utilizing privacy-first tools like CryptoAppsy to consolidate everything. Without even the hassle of creating an account, you get real-time charts, smart price alerts, coin-specific news, and critical macro data all on one screen.
The momentum for enhanced protocol coordination continues as major stakeholders and protocol developers evaluate the benefits of atomic interoperability. Many see this breakthrough as a step toward building a more unified and efficient Ethereum future.
The EEZ atomic transaction framework aims to enable rollups and mainnet to interact without relying on bridges, potentially reshaping how applications manage assets and liquidity across L2s.
Prysm v7.2.1 nastavuje validátorům na testnetu Sepolia po aktivaci Glamsterdamu limit gasu na 200 milionů namísto 60 milionů, které předchozí verze používala jako výchozí hodnotu, pokud jej operátoři ručně nezměnili.
Prysm’s v7.2.1 release sets its validators to Sepolia’s new 200 million gas limit by default, a number its previous version left at 60 million unless operators changed it by hand.
Prysm ships 200M gas limit fix hours before Glamsterdam test
Posted October 6, 2026 at 6:00 am ET.
Offchain Labs, which maintains the Prysm Ethereum consensus client, released version 7.2.1 on Monday, hours before the Glamsterdam upgrade goes live on the Sepolia testnet. With the update, Prysm validators default to a 200 million gas limit once the fork activates, rather than the 60 million the prior release used unless operators set a higher number themselves.
Glamsterdam is scheduled to activate on Sepolia at epoch 353,024, or 13:53:36 UTC on Oct. 6, according to the Ethereum Foundation’s testnet announcement. Sepolia is a test network where developers try out protocol changes before they reach mainnet. Its shared configuration was updated on Sept. 24 to lift the gas limit to 200 million at the fork.
Get Unchained’s crypto news in your inbox with the free Unchained Daily newsletter.
A Late Config Change That schedule, set under EIP-8261, arrived after Prysm had already cut v7.2.0, the version the foundation listed as Sepolia-ready. Validators on v7.2.0 would “default to a 60M gas limit in their Gloas proposer preferences,” its release notes warned, and anyone who wanted 200 million had to configure it manually. The team said a follow-up release would carry the schedule.
Version 7.2.1 is that release. For validators running it, the higher limit “needs no action,” per the notes. Operators who still set a gas limit flag from older setups will override the 200 million schedule, though, and the client now warns them about it at startup.
Gas is how Ethereum measures the computing work a block can hold. A higher limit makes room for more transactions per block but puts more load on the machines running nodes. At 200 million, Sepolia’s limit will be more than three times the old 60 million default.
The release also switches on partial data columns by default, so nodes can trade individual cells of blob data instead of entire columns, and patches a bug in how Prysm builds the first post-fork block in some cases.
Teku Still Defaults to 60M Prysm was one of two consensus clients the foundation flagged for the lower default. The foundation said in the same announcement that Teku 26.9.1 “defaults to a 60M gas limit after activation” and that Teku validators who want 200 million must set it with a command-line flag. As of Tuesday morning, 26.9.1 was still Teku’s newest release on GitHub.
Glamsterdam bundles two sets of changes, Gloas on the consensus side and Amsterdam on the execution side. Most notable are enshrined proposer-builder separation (ePBS), which writes the handoff between validators and block builders into the protocol, and block-level access lists, which let nodes process transactions in parallel. Vitalik Buterin has argued that ePBS alone does not stop a small group of builders from gaining outsized power.
“Hoodi and mainnet activation dates have not yet been decided,” the foundation said.
Related Listen: The Chopping Block: Bitget’s 388 Million Dollar Hack, Kalshi’s Cooked Perps Volume, and Agentic Bank Runs
AI-assisted content: This article was produced with the assistance of AI tools and was reviewed, edited, and fact-checked by a member of the Unchained editorial team before publication.
Plugin Beacon Chain klientu Nethermind dokončil synchronizaci a je připraven na hard fork Glamsterdam na síti Sepolia; verze 2.1.0 již tento upgrade podporuje.
Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin shared Nethermind’s development progress, stating that the team is consistently doing excellent work to make Ethereum more efficient and faster. Nethermind core developer Ben Adams noted that its Beacon Chain plugin has completed synchronization and is prepared for Sepolia’s Glamsterdam fork; additionally, running Ethereum’s Execution Layer (EL) and Consensus Layer (CL) as a single application does not appear to result in significant additional memory overhead. The Ethereum Foundation previously confirmed that Glamsterdam will activate on Sepolia on October 6, and Nethermind 2.1.0 already supports the upgrade.
Relevant content
Shell CEO: Middle East oil flows have recovered to over 80% of pre-war levels.
Shell CEO Wael Sawan said oil flows in the Middle East have now recovered to around 80% of pre-conflict levels, one of the most authoritative assessments of the region's energy export recovery to date. Sawan spoke at the Energy Intelligence Forum in London on Tuesday, noting: "Despite all that has happened, we have now recovered to over 80% of pre-war levels, which demonstrates that many countries in the region still boast strong resilience and can continue to fulfill their commitment to supplying energy to the global market." While several major banks and shipping data analytics firms also hold that Middle East oil flows are approaching pre-conflict levels, the market remains divided on the exact scale of the recovery. Accurately counting the number of vessels actually transiting the Strait of Hormuz and parts of the Red Sea is challenging, as many ships frequently disable their satellite positioning signals, making it harder for external parties to calculate the precise volume of cargo transported.
17 minutes ago
Crypto-related stocks in pre-market US trading rose broadly, with HSDT gaining nearly 2%.
According to market data from BIT (bit.com), U.S. pre-market trading saw a broad rise in crypto-related stocks, with gains as follows: CRCL up 1.19%, MSTR up 1.05%, HOOD up 0.91%, BMNR up 0.85%, COIN up 1.11%, and HSDT up 1.89%.
17 minutes ago
Wells Fargo raises Meta Platforms' price target from $796 to $1,000
Wells Fargo said it raised Meta Platforms (META.O)’s price target from $796 to $1,000, and Alphabet (GOOG.O)’s price target from $411 to $417.
17 minutes ago
Hong Kong government reaffirms that it will submit amendments to the crypto assets licensing bill by the end of 2026.
The Hong Kong government has reaffirmed that it will submit amendments to the crypto asset licensing bill by the end of 2026, establishing a licensing regime covering digital asset trading, custody, advisory, and management services. Christopher Hui, Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury of Hong Kong, stated that the amendments will address developments in the fintech sector. In January this year, Hui disclosed that regulators plan to submit a crypto asset regulatory proposal by the end of 2026. The Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) has started processing license applications for stablecoin issuers, and in April issued the first batch of stablecoin issuer licenses to Anchorpoint Financial and The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation. (Cointelegraph)
17 minutes ago
Mizuho Securities maintains a Buy rating on Cerebras, with CBRS rising approximately 3.7% in the past 24 hours.
Mizuho Securities maintained a "Buy" rating and $300 price target for Cerebras on October 5. Prior to this, Cerebras' stock had faced consecutive downward pressure, with market focus on the progress of its future collaboration with OpenAI. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman said last Friday that Cerebras remains a "close partner" of OpenAI, and the two sides are still conducting in-depth cooperation at the cutting edge of high-performance computing. Previously, some of OpenAI's new models used NVIDIA GPUs instead of Cerebras' chips. According to TradingBeats' monitoring, the marked price of CBRS perpetual contracts on Hyperliquid is currently at $182.87, up around 3.7% in 24 hours, with trading volume of approximately $88.7 million over the same period, and the nominal value of open interest stands at about $116 million.
17 minutes ago
BIT appoints former OSL Group CMO Jack Derong as its new Chief Marketing Officer.
BIT has announced the appointment of Chen Derong (Jack Derong) as its new Group Chief Marketing Officer (CMO). Chen previously served as CMO of OSL Group and Head of Global Marketing at Futu. In his new role at BIT, he will be responsible for driving the company’s global marketing strategy and market expansion, and further enhancing its brand influence and market standing.
Fronta na odchod validátorů Etherea klesla z maxima 851 000 ETH na 767 349 ETH poté, co MetaMask po bezpečnostním incidentu stáhl validátory, které spravoval pro Lido.
Ethereum’s validator exit queue is shrinking, slowly. On October 5, 2026, it stood at 767,349 ETH, with an estimated wait of roughly 13 days and eight hours to fully exit.
That is down from a peak of about 851,000 ETH on October 2. The spike traces back to one source: MetaMask Staking. It began pulling validators out after disclosing a security incident on September 30.
How MetaMask filled the queue The exits involved roughly 17,000 validators that MetaMask operated for Lido, the dominant liquid staking platform. Together, those validators held approximately 523,000 ETH.
MetaMask said user wallets and funds were not affected by the incident. It framed the validator exits as proactive security housekeeping, not a response to stolen assets.
Advertisement
On September 29, a day before the disclosure, the exit queue sat at about 166,000 ETH. Within days it had swollen to its October 2 high. The current 767,349 ETH reading means the backlog has started to drain, though it remains far above where it began.
The entry queue, where ETH waits to begin staking, stood between roughly 1.44 million and 1.5 million ETH on the same date, with an estimated wait of about 25 days just to start earning staking rewards.
Why Ethereum makes everyone wait The delays are a feature of Ethereum’s design. The network enforces a churn limit, which caps how much stake can enter or leave the validator set over a given period. Currently, that cap is 256 ETH per epoch in each direction. An epoch lasts about 6.4 minutes, which works out to roughly 57,600 ETH per day.
The backlog is also small relative to the whole system. Total staked ETH sits at approximately 43.6 million ETH, so even the October 2 peak represented a modest slice of the pie.
The re-staking round trip Lido has described the validator moves as temporary. The platform expects most of the exiting ETH to return to staking. Lido estimates re-entry could take up to 45 days because of how the entry queue works.
What this means For stakers, the immediate cost is time, and with it, rewards. ETH sitting in the exit queue, and later in the entry queue, is not earning the yield it otherwise would.
The entry queue backlog of roughly 1.44 million to 1.5 million ETH waiting to stake suggests demand has not cooled, even as a major operator rotates out.
The next marker to track is how quickly MetaMask’s withdrawn ETH re-enters the staking pipeline. If Lido’s expectation holds, much of the roughly 523,000 ETH should eventually show up in the entry queue. Also worth monitoring: whether MetaMask releases more detail on the September 30 incident. So far, the company’s position is that user funds were untouched, and the exits remain a defensive move rather than a damage report.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Estefano Gomez. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Solana na začátku 4. čtvrtletí zaznamenala objem spotového obchodování na DEX přes 1,6 mld. USD a překonala Ethereum, všechny jeho sítě L2 a Hyperliquid dohromady. Její objem byl o více než 50 % vyšší než u Etherea.
Solana has kicked off Q4 in a way that has put the spotlight back on the SOL/ETH ratio.
Technically speaking, SOL/ETH closed Q3 nearly 6% lower, showing that Ethereum significantly outperformed Solana in the last quarter. Whereas SOL returned 60%, ETH delivered 73% ROI, meaning that in FOMO fashion, Ethereum currently has the stronger setup heading into Q4.
But Solana’s latest on-chain activity suggests the gap might be beginning to close. According to Blockworks data, Solana has kicked off Q4 processing more spot DEX volume than Ethereum mainnet, all of Ethereum’s L2s and Hyperliquid combined. In figures, that means Solana processed over $1.6 billion in spot DEX volume, up more than 50% on Ethereum.
Source: Blockworks As a critical metric of on-chain activity, the early divergence could set up a stronger SOL/ETH setup in Q4.
The reasoning behind this is simple: Higher DEX volume is an indicator of increased activity on the Solana blockchain, which could lead to higher demand for the network, thereby giving SOL more room to appreciate against ETH. Interestingly enough, the liquidity setup is already starting to support this thesis.
According to RWA Foundation, stablecoin market cap across the top 10 chains grew by $815.7 million in the last 24 hours. Solana alone captured nearly 50% of that growth, adding $378.1 million. For SOL, that fresh liquidity could fuel even more capital into the ecosystem, giving its DEX a further boost as Q4 begins.
The key takeaway? One sector could already be pointing to where this liquidity and rising DEX activity are heading. So, if Solana [SOL] continues to capture a larger share of this activity, it could serve as the next catalyst for SOL to gain ground over Ethereum and potentially set the stage for a SOL/ETH breakout.
Can tokenization give Solana the edge over Ethereum? In a recent post, Solana highlighted a development that caught the market’s attention.
Nasdaq listed it, Solana moved it.” A drone defense company had more trading volume on Solana than its home exchange while Fiserv plugged in 90+ banks and credit unions. Solana also posted $365 million in Q3 app revenue, its tenth consecutive quarter leading the pack in crypto-native assets.
According to AMBCrypto, the main takeaway is that a Nasdaq-listed company saw more volume on Solana than its home exchange, signifying that tokenized assets are the driving force behind the network’s growth, with the tokenized stock trading volume on Solana crossing a record $4.4 billion in September.
Source: X While Ethereum [ETH] still holds dominance in the wider RWA space, Solana’s Q3 momentum in the tokenized stocks and real-world use cases arena is helping to close the gap. If the trend continues, the increased level of tokenization activity could provide Solana with a key catalyst for capturing more on-chain volume and potentially narrowing the gap with Ethereum in Q4.
In this regard, the fact that Solana kicked off October by outperforming Ethereum in terms of DEX volume could be seen as a precursor to the on-chain dominance of SOL, which could eventually lead to a breakout of the SOL/ETH pair above the 0.05 resistance level.
Final Summary Solana’s on-chain activity is picking up, giving SOL a chance to catch up with ETH in Q4. Growing tokenization could be the key catalyst, potentially helping SOL/ETH break above 0.05.
Ethereum price reached $2,707 on Monday, rising 0.52% over 24 hours while holding above $2,700. The move keeps a near-term advance toward $3,000 in focus for the week.
The wider cryptocurrency market gained 0.68% during the same period, lifting its capitalization to $2.93 trillion.
Bitcoin price remained above $85,000, and XRP was trading above $1.50 as the major cryptocurrencies continued their gains. The latest advance follows several weeks of gains across these assets since the middle of September.
Ethereum reportedly recorded its first weekly close above $2,700 in nine months, adding to the positive outlook.
Bitmine Buys 15,112 ETH as Ethereum Holdings Top 6 Million The Ethereum treasury firm Bitmine acquired 15,112 ETH last week, lifting its holdings to 6,016,414 tokens. Those holdings represent approximately 4.9% of Ethereum’s total supply, bringing the company closer to its 5% ownership target.
🚨BITMINE JUST BOUGHT ANOTHER 15,112 ETH!
Bitmine added 15,112 ethereum:native over the past week, about $41 million at the $2,726 price in the release.
Holdings are now 6,016,414 ethereum:native, 4.9% of supply, and the company says it is 99% of the way to its 5% target.
Total crypto, cash and stakes are $17.4 billion.
— Crypto Banter (@crypto_banter) October 5, 2026
The weekly addition was worth roughly $41 million, based on the release’s quoted Ethereum price of $2,726. Bitmine’s cryptocurrency holdings, cash, securities and investment stakes reached a combined $17.4 billion, according to the company’s latest update.
Analyst Predicts Ethereum Above $3,000 After Strong Weekly Close Crypto analyst Ted Pillows said Ethereum recorded its highest weekly close in more than eight months. He identified $2,800 as the key threshold for a sustained upward move.
$ETH closed its highest weekly candle in 8+ months.
Now, Ethereum needs a weekly close above $2,800 with strong spot demand and it’ll rally towards $3,400-$3,500. https://t.co/ODGEN0lLag
— Ted (@TedPillows) October 5, 2026
The analyst said strong spot demand and a weekly close above that level could support gains toward $3,400–$3,500. His analysis also marked initial support near $2,550 and another around $2,200. The chart showed $1,965 as another support level if downward pressure intensifies.
Ethereum Open Interest Climbs to $34.10 Billion The Ethereum derivatives market recorded higher activity, with trading volume increasing 15.17% to $29.02 billion. Open interest rose 1.14% to $34.10 billion, indicating an increase in the value of outstanding contracts.
Source: Coinglass data The volume of options increased by 33.58% to $1.15 billion, the highest increase of the metrics reported. Options open interest rose 1.62% to $6.25 billion, indicating increased options contract values outstanding.
Ethereum Price Analysis The ETH price rallied about 13% from its September price, which was nearly $2,400, and consolidated at around $2,718 on October 5.
The Relative Strength Index registered 57. This positioning suggests a mild bullish tilt.
The MACD line stood at 7.45, above the signal line at 4.71, with a positive histogram reading of 2.73.
A sustained four-hour close above $2,800 could open the way toward the marked resistance level at $2,900. Further gains could bring $3,000 into focus, representing approximately 10.4% upside from the displayed price.
Source: TradingView Rejection near $2,800 could further extend consolidation, with $2,600 being a key support to watch. Failure of that support would compromise the recovery and might lead to a reversion of the previous trading range from $2,400.
Ethereum navrhuje EIP-7906, který by umožnil ověřovat skutečné změny po transakci a při nesplnění podmínek transakci vrátit zpět. Návrh je zatím ve stavu draftu.
Ethereum wants your transactions to come with a built-in fact-checker. A new proposal would let on-chain code verify what a transaction actually changed and reverse the whole thing if the outcome breaks the rules a user set in advance.
The idea, called native transaction assertions, was highlighted by the Ethereum Foundation in a blog post on October 5, 2026. It targets one of the oldest and most stubborn weak spots in crypto: blind signing.
What the proposal actually does Blind signing is the crypto version of agreeing to terms and conditions you never read. A wallet pops up a request, the details are unreadable or unclear, and the user clicks approve anyway. Most of the time, nothing bad happens. When something does, it tends to be expensive.
The Ethereum Foundation framed the new work as a direct response to those risks, which were flagged under its Trillion Dollar Security initiative. That program already includes measures like Clear Signing, which focuses on making transaction requests legible before a user approves them.
Native transaction assertions work at a different moment in the process. Clear Signing tries to help you understand a transaction before it runs. Assertions check whether the result matched expectations after it runs.
The technical core is EIP-7906. It introduces three new opcodes to the Ethereum Virtual Machine: TXTRACE, TXDIFF, and EVENTDATACOPY. Opcodes are the low-level instructions the EVM understands, so adding new ones expands what smart contract code can see and do.
In this case, the new instructions give on-chain code a way to inspect the real state changes a transaction produced. That shifts verification from what a transaction claims it will do to what it demonstrably did.
How it plugs into EIP-8141 EIP-7906 does not stand alone. It relies on the framework laid out in EIP-8141, known as the frame transaction format.
Frame transactions break a single transaction into distinct segments, or frames. EIP-7906 adds a new one to that structure: a POST_TX frame.
The POST_TX frame operates as a static call during execution. A static call is a read-only operation, meaning it can examine state but cannot modify it. If the conditions defined in that frame are not met, the transaction’s effects can be reverted.
Where it stands, and when it could ship Nothing here is live yet. EIP-7906 remains in draft status.
The goal is to include it in the Hegotá upgrade, which is anticipated for deployment in 2027. Preliminary demonstrations have already been run on a development network, which suggests the mechanics function outside of a whitepaper.
EIP-7906 also depends on EIP-8141, so its fate is tied to whether the frame transaction format makes the cut too.
Why this matters beyond the code Native assertions move part of the burden of signing risk into the base layer. If the protocol can enforce outcome checks directly, users are less dependent on any single wallet getting its display logic perfect.
For institutions and businesses, the appeal is easy to see. Organizations moving large sums tend to want guarantees, not best efforts. A mechanism that can automatically reverse a transaction whose results fall outside defined parameters fits neatly into the kind of risk controls those players already use elsewhere.
Developers will also need to figure out how ordinary users define the rules their transactions must satisfy, since a safety net that requires expert configuration may end up protecting mostly experts. The usability layer built on top of EIP-7906 could matter as much as the opcodes themselves.
Every new opcode expands the surface area that must be implemented and audited across multiple Ethereum clients. Security improvements that introduce new edge cases have to justify that trade.
Watch whether EIP-7906 moves out of draft, whether EIP-8141 secures a place in Hegotá, and whether more devnet testing follows the early demonstrations.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Estefano Gomez. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
S&P Global Market Intelligence Chief Business Economist Chris Williamson said: "The euro zone’s service sector growth has hit its fastest pace since last November, signaling that the region’s economic recovery is accelerating, with growth momentum spreading from manufacturing to broader sectors. The composite PMI survey signals show the euro zone economy is currently expanding at a quarterly rate of 0.4% and is on track for further growth in the fourth quarter. Service sector activity in both Germany and France saw its first signs of growth since March, marking their respective first service sector expansions this year; Italy, meanwhile, expanded for the fourth consecutive month, outperforming Spain, which also posted its strongest growth in four months. Overall growth in September hit its fastest pace in five years. At the same time, the survey showed input price inflation rose to 4%, indicating the euro zone’s inflation is approaching the European Central Bank’s 2% target ceiling. Combined with the acceleration in economic growth shown by the PMI, these data suggest mounting pressure on the European Central Bank to adopt more aggressive monetary tightening measures."
1 seconds ago
DBS: NVIDIA’s Valuation Remains Low, AI Stocks Far From Being in a Bubble
DBS Group Chief Investment Officer Hou Wey Fook said that Nvidia’s price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio and projected 70% earnings growth next year indicate that AI-driven tech stocks are still far from forming a bubble. Aggregate data shows Nvidia’s current 12-month forward P/E ratio stands at 17x. Hou compared this to Cisco Systems’ valuation of around 100x before the dot-com bubble burst. He told TV interviews: "If we take Nvidia as the representative company in the AI sector, which currently has a P/E ratio of only in the teens, how can we call this a bubble?" He added that semiconductor and AI investments still have "tailwinds". However, Hou recommended adopting a "barbell strategy" to "control overall portfolio volatility": allocating to tech stocks on the growth end, while pairing with investment-grade fixed-income assets to deliver stable returns, and using hedge funds and gold as intermediate risk-diversification tools.
1 seconds ago
Hong Kong’s Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau: Draft ordinance amendment to be submitted within the year, establishing a licensing regime for virtual asset trading and custody services.
Hong Kong Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury Christopher Hui stated that amid the advancement of fintech innovation, the government will submit a draft ordinance amendment this year to establish a licensing regime for virtual asset trading, custody, advisory, and management services. The Hong Kong Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau, in collaboration with the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA), is also working on optimizing the legal framework to drive the tech and telecommunications sectors to step up detection and removal of fraud-related content, including AI-generated fraud.
1 seconds ago
某以太坊IC0巨鲸再度卖出1.333万枚ETH
Per Lookonchain monitoring, early Ethereum participant "0xa2F6" sold 13,330 ETH after six months of inactivity, worth roughly $36.37 million. This crypto OG bought 170,000 ETH at a low price of $0.31 via Ethereum's ICO, with a total cost of just $52,700. The batch of ETH is now valued at approximately $461.4 million.
1 seconds ago
Ethereum OG "0xa2F6" Sells 13,330 $ETH ($36.37M) After 6-Month Hold
Ethereum OG "0xa2F6" sold another 13,330 $ETH($36.37M) after 6 months. This OG bought 170,000 $ETH through the ICO at a low price of $0.31 (costing $52.7K, now worth $461.4M).
1 seconds ago
Nikkei 225 index closed up 2.4%
According to Bitget market data, the Nikkei 225 index closed up 1637.40 points, or 2.40%, at 69946.86 points on Monday, October 5.
Ethereum zůstává pod rezistencí 2 800 USD, zatímco americké spotové ETF na ETH zaznamenaly tři dny čistých odlivů. Trh sleduje i blížící se upgrade Glamsterdam.
Ethereum traded near $2,687 on October 4 after reaching $2,765 briefly the previous day, according to historical data compiled by CoinCodex.
Key price levels and technical landscapeThe $2,700–$2,800 zone marks a critical region for Ethereum, with analysts identifying this range as the dividing line between short-term price consolidation and the potential for a renewed move toward $3,000.
Bulls have repeatedly failed to secure $2,800 as a support level, leaving ETH in a familiar trading range. A sustained close above $2,800 could open the door to $3,000, while further rejection likely puts the $2,600–$2,650 range in focus as the main support area.
Ethereum will need to stabilize above $2,700 and close decisively above $2,800 before a push toward $3,000 becomes plausible, based on current breakout analysis.
Despite periodic attempts to break above resistance, the technical setup for Ethereum remains heavily influenced by both price action and institutional sentiment.
Institutional flows and ETF outflowsRecent data from Farside Investors shows that U.S. spot Ethereum ETFs saw three consecutive days of net outflows through October 2. Investors withdrew $59.6 million on September 30, $55.4 million on October 1, and $17.3 million on October 2, in contrast to stronger demand seen earlier in the quarter.
Coinpaper also reported this divergence, noting that while Ethereum funds moved back to net outflows, Bitcoin-based ETF products showed greater resilience.
ETF/ProductSept. 30 Net FlowOct. 1 Net FlowOct. 2 Net FlowTrendU.S. Spot Ethereum ETF– $59.6M– $55.4M– $17.3MOutflowBitcoin ETFStableStableStableMore resilientThe shift in institutional demand has added headwinds for Ethereum’s rally attempts at key price levels.
Glamsterdam upgrade and price outlookBeyond technicals and fund flows, market attention is turning to the upcoming Glamsterdam upgrade. This major Ethereum network update is set to activate on the Sepolia testnet on October 6 and aims to deliver improvements in Layer-1 scaling, block construction, and gas pricing. Mainnet activation is expected later in the fourth quarter.
Coinpaper has linked the anticipated Glamsterdam upgrade to the possibility of ETH testing the $3,000 mark, should resistance break and positive sentiment build.
Mini dictionary: Glamsterdam Upgrade, the next major Ethereum network update designed to improve core Layer-1 scalability, block production processes, and reduce transaction fees through more efficient gas pricing. Activation will occur first on testnets like Sepolia before mainnet deployment.
Technical analysts have already highlighted a possible connection between the upcoming Glamsterdam upgrade and a renewed attempt by $ETH to break key resistance and approach $3,000.
Likvidita Ondo se rozšiřuje napříč řetězci a Ethereum nyní tvoří jen 52,37 % z celkové hodnoty 2,1 miliardy USD. Na Solaně tokenizovaná aktiva za posledních 30 dní vzrostla o 60,32 % na více než 456,7 milionu USD.
Ondo’s tokenized asset growth is shifting from a single-network model toward a broader distribution of liquidity.
Although Ethereum [ETH] remains at the core of the platform with a value of $2.1 billion, this represents only 52.37% of the total and therefore implies that concentration is easing.
The most notable example is Solana [SOL]. Tokenized assets have now surpassed $456.7 million on Solana, an increase of 60.32%, or approximately $147 million, over the past 30 days. Meanwhile, BNB Chain has increased to $429.7 million, representing an increase of 19.15%.
Source: RWA.xyz This increase in tokenized assets increases the number of ways that Ondo can distribute its tokenized product offerings to other users. Also, there are currently 521,028 token holders transferring $2.38 billion per month.
Source: RWA.xyz This indicates that these assets are being transferred into circulation as opposed to simply being created.
As adoption grows, the current $3.89 billion asset base of Ondo will be distributed among many networks and no longer rely solely on Ethereum.
Solana leads tokenized-equity lending Tokenized equities are moving beyond simple ownership as users begin putting them to work in on-chain credit markets. Solana is at the forefront of this evolution, as over $20.7 million worth of tokenized stock is being utilized as collateral via Kamino.
As such, it appears many of these users are seeking to utilize liquidity locked up by their equity holdings but avoid liquidating their equity exposure. On the other hand, Ethereum has $5.8 million in tokenized stocks serving as lending collateral through Euler and Morpho.
Meanwhile, Robin Hood Chain has produced just under $2 million in additional supply also via Morpho.
Source: X The large disparity illustrates that lending is still in its infancy and unevenly distributed among various networks. However, the fact that this functionality exists represents a significant expansion of tokenization.
Additionally, if adoption of lending grows, then tokenized equities will likely be given greater utility, which will drive even greater demand for on-chain collateral.
Tokenized stocks test credit demand Tokenized equities now face a test of whether lending protocols can manage their risks without limiting adoption. On Aave [AAVE] V4’s Equities Hub, collateral factors range from 65% to 79%, forcing borrowers to maintain buffers before liquidation.
Source: Aave Governance However, these constraints create a measurable path for growth. Rising collateral deposits and USD Coin [USDC] borrowing would show stronger credit demand.
Meanwhile, limited liquidations would indicate that risk controls remain effective as activity expands across tokenized stocks.
Final Summary Ondo has expanded its $3.89 billion tokenized asset base across multiple networks. Tokenized equities are gaining credit utility as Solana leads on-chain collateral activity.
Ethereum Foundation a Open Anonymity Project spustily na mainnetu Ethereum zkAPI, které umožňuje platby za API bez odhalení identity plátce. První využití míří na AI inference.
The Ethereum Foundation and the Open Anonymity Project launched zkAPI on Ethereum mainnet on October 1, 2026, a system that lets users pay for metered APIs without revealing who is paying, according to a post on the Ethereum Foundation blog. The first target is AI inference, where prompts are sensitive and the billing trail currently ties every request to an identity.
Separating Payment From Identity Users deposit credits such as ETH or USDC into a vault contract on Ethereum in a single transaction. From that point the balance exists as a private note that only the holder can spend. Software on the user’s machine produces a zero-knowledge proof showing that a funded note covers the spend and has not been spent before. Every spend publishes a nullifier, a one-way serial number that exposes double-spending attempts without revealing which note backed the payment.
AI Inference Is the First Use Case zkAPI ships a local client that exposes the standard OpenAI and Ollama APIs, so existing apps and chat clients keep working by pointing at localhost. A server checks a payment proof, mints a short-lived API key held only in the device’s memory, and charges the private balance when the key expires. The foundation describes a split where the payment server sees that a valid payment exists but not who made it, while the AI provider sees prompts but not the payer. The same client can front RPC queries, image generation, VPNs, and machine-to-machine services, making it relevant beyond AI agents in crypto.
A Design Co-Authored by Vitalik Buterin The launch is the working implementation of ZK API usage credits, a design published on Ethereum Research by Davide Crapis and Vitalik Buterin. It proves spends with Groth16 proofs on the BN254 curve, hashes commitments and nullifiers with Poseidon, and keeps notes in a 32-level Merkle tree. The live vault contract on mainnet holds USDC credits, and withdrawals stay available onchain even if the zkAPI server disappears.
Limits and Next Steps The foundation notes two limits: zkAPI does not provide network anonymity, so users seeking stronger privacy should route through Tor, and shared prompt contents can still act as fingerprints. The project is under active development, with confidential GPU computing still emerging for content privacy. The launch extends Ethereum into private AI infrastructure, where billing records currently link every query to a payer.
AUTHOR
A freelance writer with a passion for crypto, delivering insightful and accurate content on blockchain and fintech. With a knack for translating complex concepts into accessible content, Eric produces well-researched articles, blog posts, and thought leadership pieces that cover the latest trends and developments in the digital finance space. His writing is aimed at educating and engaging both newcomers and industry experts, offering fresh insights into the world of cryptocurrencies, decentralized finance (DeFi), and blockchain innovations. Eric’s dedication to quality and accuracy makes him a trusted voice in the fintech and crypto communities
Fronta na unstaking Etherea od začátku října vzrostla o 392 % na zhruba 850 000 ETH. Největší část, asi 523 000 ETH, souvisí s incidentem u MetaMask Staking.
Ethereum unstaking has jumped 392% since the start of October, according to data circulated on X. By October 2, roughly 850,000 ETH was lined up to leave the network’s validator set.
That is the longest exit line Ethereum has seen all year. It happened in the same week that MetaMask Staking told users part of its infrastructure had been compromised.
What is driving the exit line By October 2, the estimated wait to exit had reached about 14.77 days. In late September, exits had been sitting in the low-to-mid 100,000s ETH range.
The queue sat at approximately 850,000 to 850,736 ETH at its peak. Total staked ETH stood at roughly 43.6 million across about 878,000 active validators. The pending exits therefore represented close to 2% of all staked supply.
Advertisement
The MetaMask Staking incident On September 30, MetaMask Staking disclosed a compromise of its infrastructure. Block rewards of about 0.36 ETH across 18 blocks were briefly diverted. MetaMask said no user wallets or sensitive data were affected.
MetaMask moved to exit nearly 17,000 validators holding approximately 523,000 ETH, a significant share of which was tied to Lido’s operations. The exits were framed as a precaution and were expected to finish by October 7.
Of the roughly 850,000 ETH waiting to exit, approximately 523,000 ETH came from MetaMask’s validators alone.
Not all of it is caution Jiang Zhuoer, founder of an LTC mining pool, said the jump in the queue suggested some holders were taking advantage of current prices to lock in profits.
The price barely moved ETH traded in a narrow band between $2,686 and $2,725 from September 30 to October 2. With waits near 14.77 days, any selling is spread over time rather than hitting the market in one burst.
What this means for stakers and the market MetaMask’s exits were expected to finish by October 7. Once they clear, the queue should shrink noticeably unless fresh exits replace them.
With a significant portion of the exiting stake tied to Lido’s operations, the event highlights how decisions by one infrastructure partner can affect a much larger pool of staked ETH.
Roughly 43.6 million ETH is still staked across about 878,000 validators. Even at its peak, the exit queue was a small slice of that total.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Estefano Gomez. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
MetaMask po bezpečnostním incidentu začala stahovat z provozu velký počet Ethereum validátorů. Tvrdí, že peněženky ani prostředky zákazníků nebyly ohroženy.
MetaMask has begun withdrawing a large set of Ethereum validators from active duty after reporting a security incident inside part of its infrastructure. The company says ordinary wallet users were not exposed and that customer funds were not put at risk.
The response is concentrated in its non-custodial staking business, including validators it runs for the Lido protocol, and it is being treated as a containment step rather than evidence that stake itself was drained.
On 30 September 2026, MetaMask said it was handling an ongoing incident affecting a portion of its systems and that it had not identified an immediate threat to MetaMask wallets.
It added that it was exiting affected validators in coordination with clients, partners, and security advisers.
The firm stressed that its staking activity does not hold withdrawal credentials for client stake.
An update the following day repeated that investigation so far showed no sign that wallets or customer assets had been touched, while teams continued containment and verification.
MetaMask also warned users to ignore unsolicited messages and never to share a Secret Recovery Phrase, noting that the company does not request that phrase.
Lido’s account of the operational fallout is more specific on timing.
Affected validators are expected to have left the active set, though not necessarily completed withdrawal, by the end of 7 October 2026.
Returning that ether to productive staking may take up to about 45 days because of Ethereum’s entry queue.
Holders of stETH were told no action was required.
The protocol warned of forgone rewards and possible downtime penalties if operators take machines offline early to reduce the chance of slashable behavior.
Lido has described its operator set as diversified and has pointed to a reserve that can absorb some operational loss.
Independent chain analysis, which MetaMask has not confirmed, sketches a narrower theft and a much wider precaution.
Researcher observations indicate that fee-recipient settings on a subset of MetaMask-operated validators were altered for several hours on 30 September.
Of 19 validators that proposed blocks in the relevant window, 18 sent tips to an unexpected address that had been funded through Tornado Cash, totaling roughly 0.36 ETH—under $1,000 at prevailing prices.
The same analysis put the precautionary exits near 17,000 validators controlling on the order of 523,000 ETH, with figures in other counts close to 17,000 validators and a bit above 560,000 ETH.
No validator was reported slashed.
MetaMask has not published how access was obtained or which systems were involved.
The gap between a few tenths of an ether diverted and hundreds of thousands of ether taken offline is the design point of the response.
In non-custodial staking, the operator runs the machines that propose and attest, while withdrawal authority stays with the client or protocol.
Compromising fee configuration or, in a worse case, signing keys can redirect tips or create slash risk.
It does not, by itself, let an intruder move the bonded stake.
Exiting early closes the window in which a stolen signing key could be misused, at the cost of rewards the validators would otherwise have earned and the delay of re-entering the queue.
That pattern is familiar.
In September 2025, staking provider Kiln traced an infrastructure breach to a compromised GitHub access token tied to an engineer and began an orderly exit of its Ethereum validators.
Stake was not taken, yet Lido later attributed more than 200 ETH in missed rewards to the downtime.
Earlier, a 2023 platform vulnerability at node operator InfStones raised the possibility of exposed server access; Lido-related keys were not shown to have been exploited, and instances were redeployed as a precaution.
Separate operator mistakes—duplicated keys at RockLogic in 2023, and correlated issues among providers using distributed validator setups in 2025—have produced actual slashings without any outside theft of principal.
The common thread is operational access and key handling, not a novel model exploiting the consensus rules.
Incidents of this kind are often discussed alongside the spread of automated attack tooling, but the record does not require that framing.
Leaked developer tokens, overly broad server access, weak separation between build systems and production keys, and simple credential reuse have repeatedly been enough.
Social engineering that coaxes an engineer into approving a malicious action, or poor hygiene around tokens and recovery material, sits in the same category as the failures operators already document.
MetaMask’s public notices do not assign a cause, so any specific vector remains unknown.
What is clear is that the economic damage, if the on-chain estimates hold, is mostly opportunity cost and queue delay rather than stolen principal—and that the same class of infrastructure lapse has forced large exits before.
Ethereum (ETH) is currently priced at approximately $2,682, which marks a monthly increase of about 10%. However, the asset is still trading 46% below its all-time high of $4,953. Recent price movements have established a short-term range, with buyers repeatedly defending the $2,650 level, while sellers are consistently active between $2,775 and $2,800.
Technical levels and resistance zonesOn October 2, ETH made an unsuccessful attempt to break above $2,775 before retreating toward $2,650. This price activity continues to reinforce the upper $2,700s as a key resistance area in the near term.
Coinpaper, a digital asset market research firm, previously highlighted a $2,800 breakout as the critical level Ethereum would need to convert to support before targeting the $3,000 mark, which is considered a significant psychological barrier for traders.
The immediate technical structure for ETH now presents a direct path: holding support at $2,650, breaking out above $2,800, and aiming for $3,000. If Ethereum manages to surpass this milestone, the $3,050 area stands as the next resistance.
LevelRole$2,650Support$2,775–$2,800Resistance$3,000Psychological target$3,050Next resistance Ethereum continues to face strong selling pressure in the $2,775 to $2,800 range, and has yet to confirm a sustained breakout above $2,800, according to recent technical analysis from Coinpaper.
Glamsterdam upgrade and upcoming catalystsThe next update for the network, called the Glamsterdam upgrade, is scheduled to launch on the Sepolia testnet on October 6. This upgrade introduces significant changes to block construction, gas pricing, and Layer-1 scaling, paving the way for improved performance in future mainnet releases. The Ethereum Foundation, which is responsible for overseeing the development of Ethereum, has not yet set an official date for the mainnet deployment.
Mini dictionary: Sepolia testnet, an Ethereum test environment where developers deploy and test upgrades or applications before mainnet release. Testnets like Sepolia help identify issues without affecting real assets or network operations.
Glamsterdam is expected to address some of Ethereum’s longstanding challenges, including efficiency in block creation and gas fees, and to prepare the network for further scaling solutions.
The Ethereum Foundation stated there is no finalized date yet for deploying the Glamsterdam upgrade to mainnet, but preparations on testnets are actively progressing.
ETF flows and supply trendsIn the investment products space, U.S. spot Ethereum exchange-traded funds (ETFs) registered notable outflows in recent days. According to Farside Investors, these funds saw $59.6 million of outflows on September 30, followed by another $55.4 million on October 1 and $17.3 million on October 2. This marks a reversal following a period of inflows noted in late September.
Despite the recent negative ETF flows, on-chain indicators remain positive for the longer term. Earlier this month, exchange reserves of ETH fell to multi-year lows, while staking activity continued to reduce the available circulating supply. These trends suggest a tighter supply landscape, which could impact future price dynamics if demand rises.
On October 2, 2026, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission cleared Cboe BZX to list and trade six triple-leveraged exchange-traded products, including the first 3x Bitcoin and 3x Ether ETPs available in the United States. The approval order, Release No. 34-106577, was signed by the Commission’s Division of Trading and Markets under delegated authority. It is the first time U.S. regulators have approved triple-leveraged Bitcoin and Ether products, bundled in a single order with traditional commodity funds.
What the SEC approved Each fund is a series of the VS Trust, whose sponsor is Volatility Shares LLC; Wilmington Trust serves as sole trustee and U.S. Bank as custodian. The six funds: 3x Gold, 3x Silver, 3x Bitcoin, 3x Ether, 3x Crude Oil, and 3x Natural Gas. They list under BZX Rule 14.11(e)(4), which governs commodity-based trust shares. Cboe filed the proposed rule change on August 10 and it was published for comment on August 19; the Commission received no comments. The Commission found the proposal consistent with Section 6(b)(5) of the Exchange Act, citing safeguards to promote fair disclosure, prevent trading without adequate transparency, and protect material nonpublic information.
How the funds will work Despite the “ETF” name, these are exchange-traded products (commodity-based trust shares), not 1940 Act funds. Each seeks daily investment results, before fees and expenses, equal to three times the daily performance of its reference commodity, measured against a benchmark of first- and second-month futures contracts. The funds invest in those futures alongside cash and cash equivalents that serve as collateral or margin. If those contracts become unavailable, the funds may hold later-dated futures, benchmark-linked ETFs and ETPs, or listed options. Because the funds reset daily, returns over longer holding periods can diverge from three times the commodity’s cumulative move.
Trading still waits on registration Approving the listing rule does not by itself start trading; the shares must still be registered under the Securities Act of 1933, and no launch date has been set. The move follows other SEC crypto-ETP rulemaking, including the agency’s approval of a Nasdaq Texas rule that added a digital-commodity definition to crypto ETPs. It also lands amid strong institutional demand for fund exposure, with spot Ethereum ETFs recently logging a third straight week of inflows.
AUTHOR
Blockchain analyst specializing in the regulatory impact of government policies on the crypto industry. Known for his thorough research and clear, engaging writing, Emmanuel provides insightful analysis on the latest trends, market shifts, and emerging crypto innovations. His work aims to educate and inform both novice and experienced readers, offering expert perspectives on the fast-evolving world of digital assets. With a passion for staying ahead of the curve, Ogwu is a trusted voice in the cryptocurrency and blockchain space.
Americké Bitcoin ETF zaznamenaly za období 28. září až 2. října čisté přílivy 82,9 mil. USD, zatímco z Ethereum ETF odteklo 118 mil. USD. Bitcoin tak prudce zpomalil z 2,39 mld. USD v předchozím týdnu.
U.S. Bitcoin ETFs recorded provisional net inflows of $82.9 million for Sep. 28–Oct. 2, while Ethereum ETFs posted $118 million in net outflows, according to Farside Investors. Bitcoin’s reported weekly intake fell sharply from $2.39 billion in the preceding week.
Summary
Bitcoin ETFs added $82.9 million, with Friday’s BlackRock IBIT entry still pending. Ethereum ETFs lost $118 million after attracting $689.8 million in the previous week. Solana ETFs recorded $800,000 in net inflows, down from $188.1 million a week earlier. Hyperliquid ETFs added $3.4 million, while Zcash’s tracked fund lost $77.6 million. Farside Investors’ data showed Bitcoin ETFs recording inflows on four of the five trading days. Wednesday’s withdrawals reduced the weekly total, while Thursday’s intake was the largest positive session of the period.
Friday’s figures remained incomplete when checked on Oct. 3. Farside showed blank entries for BlackRock’s IBIT, ETHA and ETHB, so the Bitcoin and Ethereum weekly totals remain provisional.
Bitcoin ETF inflows fall from $2.39 billion Bitcoin funds opened the week with $31 million in net inflows on Monday, followed by $66.2 million on Tuesday. Wednesday brought $148.7 million in withdrawals before investors added $102.7 million on Thursday and a reported $31.7 million on Friday.
BlackRock’s IBIT recorded $292 million in net inflows across Monday through Thursday. Its largest intake was $195.6 million on Oct. 1, following $9.5 million in withdrawals a day earlier.
Fidelity’s FBTC posted $167.9 million in weekly net outflows, despite receiving $29.3 million on Friday. Bitwise’s BITB lost $38.6 million, while Grayscale’s GBTC recorded $54.6 million in withdrawals.
ARKB added $25.5 million over the week, and Grayscale’s BTC fund attracted $24.9 million. Morgan Stanley’s MSBT recorded $9.4 million in inflows.
The preceding week, Sep. 21–25, delivered five consecutive positive sessions, including $999 million on Monday and $714.7 million on Tuesday.
Ethereum ETFs reverse the previous week’s inflows Ethereum funds began Monday with $17.1 million in net inflows before recording withdrawals during each subsequent session, according to Farside’s Ethereum figures.
Tuesday’s outflow was $2.8 million. Withdrawals then reached $59.6 million on Wednesday and $55.4 million on Thursday, followed by a provisional $17.3 million on Friday.
Fidelity’s FETH accounted for $74.1 million in weekly net outflows. Its largest withdrawal was $26.6 million on Wednesday, followed by $23.5 million on Thursday.
Grayscale’s ETHE lost $27.9 million, while its ETH fund recorded $11.2 million in net withdrawals. VanEck’s ETHV and Franklin’s EZET lost $6.9 million and $6.1 million, respectively.
BlackRock’s ETHA recorded $6.5 million in net inflows through Thursday, while ETHB showed zero flows over those four sessions. Both Friday entries remained blank.
The reversal followed $689.8 million in Ethereum ETF inflows during Sep. 21–25, when every session finished positive. Monday’s $270 million intake led that earlier week.
Solana ETF inflows shrink to $800,000 Solana ETFs finished the week with $800,000 in net inflows, according to Farside’s table, compared with $188.1 million in the preceding week.
Monday and Tuesday brought inflows of $7.7 million and $5.4 million. Funds then lost $12.5 million on Wednesday and $1.1 million on Thursday before adding $1.3 million on Friday.
Bitwise’s BSOL recorded $1.3 million in weekly net inflows. Grayscale’s GSOL added $5.4 million, while FSOL attracted $2.8 million.
VSOL posted $6.8 million in withdrawals, and MSOL lost $1.9 million. TSOL and SOEZ recorded zero flows throughout the week.
BSOL’s $9.7 million Monday intake was its largest positive session, while its $8.9 million Wednesday withdrawal was its biggest outflow.
Hyperliquid gains $3.4 million as Zcash loses $77.6 million Hyperliquid ETFs recorded $3.4 million in net inflows, Farside reported. Monday and Tuesday showed zero flows, followed by a $5 million Wednesday withdrawal and inflows of $5 million on Thursday and $3.4 million on Friday.
HYPG attracted $8.4 million over the week, offsetting $5 million in withdrawals from BHYP. THYP recorded zero flows. The group had received $9.3 million during Sep. 21–25.
Farside’s Zcash data showed $77.6 million in withdrawals from ZCSH, reversing the previous week’s $35.2 million intake.
The fund lost $8.1 million on Monday, recorded zero flows on Tuesday, and posted $30.2 million in withdrawals on Wednesday. Further outflows reached $12.4 million on Thursday and $26.9 million on Friday.
XRP ETF přilákaly 1. října čistý příliv 4,07 milionu USD, zatímco Ethereum ETF zaznamenaly odliv 55,37 milionu USD. XRP tak na začátku měsíce výrazně překonalo Ethereum v denních tocích o zhruba 59,44 milionu USD.
XRP has started off October on a strong note as its ETFs have recorded a decent influx of fresh capital on October 1, after their performances fell flat at the close of the last month.
While momentum appears to be building again in the XRP ecosystem, latest data from SosoValue shows that XRP saw a fresh influx of capital while Ethereum only saw investors withdraw their funds as the new month began.
XRP flips Ethereum According to the data, XRP ETFs attracted about $4.07 million in net inflow during their daily trading session on October 1, while Ethereum ETFs posted a net outflow of $55.37 million on the same day.
HOT Stories
As such, the data shows a major divergence between the performances of both assets, revealing that XRP ETFs outperformed Ethereum ETFs by about $59.44 million in daily flows at the start of the new month.
You Might Also Like
While XRP ETFs also recorded $25.87 million in total trading volume on the same day, it signals renewed interest in the asset after their performance slowed in the past week, drawing attention from market analysts.
Franklin takes dominance from Bitwise Although XRP performed better than Ethereum during their latest trading session, the amount of capital pulled in by XRP funds was pretty low.
While Bitwise and Franklin Templeton attracted about $3.18 million and $4.06 million in new capital respectively, the inflows were partly offset by a $3.18 million outflow from Canary's XRP ETF.
Ethereum, on the other hand, was significantly subdued as it saw investors pull a higher amount of capital from its spot ETFs as October began.
Notably, the asset recorded a $55.37 million net outflow, pushing its cumulative net inflows to $13.84 billion.
Podvodníci odčerpali přes 766 ETH z falešného GIWA bridge, který se vydával za oficiální síť ještě před spuštěním mainnetu. DYORSWAP už začal poškozeným vyplácet náhrady z treasury.
Fraudsters drained more than 766 ETH—valued by the community at roughly $2 million—by launching a counterfeit Ethereum Layer 2 that posed as GIWA before the real network ever went live. GIWA is an OP Stack project from Dunamu, the operator of South Korea’s Upbit exchange.
Official accounts have been clear that mainnet is still unfinished and that only Sepolia testnet infrastructure exists.
Scammers filled that vacuum with a look-alike chain that reused chain ID 9134, published unofficial RPC endpoints, and offered a bridge that accepted real ETH from Ethereum.
The fake network was not a simple phishing site.
It included OP Stack-style components, among them a bridge and a batcher that posted batches back to Ethereum, so wallets and explorers treated it as a functioning L2.
https://t.co/u5MCU96ilE
— DYORSWAP (@DYORSWAPDEX) September 27, 2026
DYORSWAP, a multi-chain DEX, listed the impostor as GIWA mainnet after the matching chain ID passed an initial check.
Once the listing went live, users treated the bridge as official infrastructure and began depositing.
DYORSWAP later published on-chain reconstruction.
The fraudulent bridge at 0xbA9938C0b96A70E6479661B915e7E481fE435ab2 was deployed from 0x119e68B59C44291F76324c76377B776D0b4Dd38c at 02:10:59 UTC+8 on 27 September 2026.
About 8.5 hours earlier the deployer received a small ETH transfer from an address linked to ChangeHero.
Shortly after the bridge went live, several small test deposits arrived in the same second from wallets that looked like internal probes.
In total, 1,335 addresses sent about 767.65 ETH across the bridge.
Attackers then withdrew about 766.25 ETH.
The DEX has said this was not a vulnerability in its own contracts.
It and its users were both caught by an impersonation of an unreleased chain.
The platform preserved chat logs, RPC data, bridge addresses, and transaction records, contacted security researchers including SlowMist, and began paying victims from its treasury.
More than 200 ETH has already been distributed.
Addresses that bridged under 5 ETH were offered 40 percent reimbursement; larger deposits are being reviewed separately because some may be tied to the operators.
GIWA’s official account warned the same day that mainnet is not running and that any claimed mainnet RPC is false.
The incident shows how little is required to manufacture a believable L2: a reserved chain ID, public OP Stack tooling, and a listing that other traders treat as confirmation. Until a project publishes official endpoints and contracts, a DEX listing is not proof that a chain is real.
Útočník na NEAR Intents poslal 1 BNB do recovery peněženky a připojil zprávu s nabídkou spolupráce. Stejná adresa dříve přesunula zhruba 3,8 milionu dolarů a o hodinu dříve poslala i 0.295 ETH.
SlowMist Security’s Chief Information Security Officer 23pds published a post stating that Alex Shevchenko, General Manager of NEAR Intents, said the NEAR Intents exploit attacker transferred 1 BNB to a recovery wallet, leaving a message offering cooperation and requesting the other party to provide a Signal contact. This transfer originated from the same address that previously moved approximately $3.8 million in funds. About an hour ago, the same address also transferred 0.295 ETH on the Ethereum network, leaving the same message.
Relevant content
A crypto whale unstakes 956,600 SOL, valued at approximately $116 million.
According to Whale Alert, at 23:01 Beijing time today, an unknown wallet un-staked 956,610 SOL, valued at approximately $115.62 million.
21 minutes ago
Layer 2 network Blast announces it is ceasing operations, requiring users to withdraw their assets to the Ethereum mainnet by October 26.
Layer 2 network Blast announced it will cease operations, as ongoing network maintenance costs have exceeded revenue generated by the L2, with the team noting there is no viable path to achieving economic sustainability. The project is advising all users to withdraw on-chain assets and balances held in its PWA to the Ethereum mainnet, and plans to reduce withdrawal wait times to 24 hours. However, the team will first process the exit of Lido assets held by Blast, a process expected to take approximately one week, during which withdrawal functionality will be temporarily unavailable. Users can complete withdrawals via Blast’s regular interface by October 26. After the deadline, assets can still be retrieved but will require direct interaction with the Blast Bridge contract on Ethereum L1; the team will publish specific operation instructions ahead of the cutoff date.
21 minutes ago
The founder of Pons announced the official launch of its V3 mode, granting creators full autonomy to decide whether to adopt the Bonding Curve.
Pons founder Ozzy announced in a post that the platform has officially entered its V3 phase. Ozzy stated that V3 is primarily targeted at newly launched tokens, while V1 and V2 contracts will remain unchanged, so existing tokens require no adjustments. When asked whether V3 tokens will continue to use Bonding Curves, Ozzy responded that this choice will be left to token creators. In response to user feedback on issues such as insufficient visibility of Bonding Curves, Pons will hand over the relevant decision-making power to deployers. Ozzy also noted that V3 will bring more revenue, reduce "vampire" activities, improve trader mechanisms, minimize extractive practices, and emphasized that the community is its top priority.
21 minutes ago
Maji has notched 10 consecutive wins in PUMP swing trading over the past five days, generating approximately $1.34 million in profit.
According to Lookonchain monitoring, trader Ma Ji has secured 10 consecutive wins in PUMP swing trades over the past 5 days, totaling approximately $1.34 million in profit. His current long positions include 33,950 ETH (valued at around $92.56 million), 409 BTC (worth ~$35.22 million), and 180,000 HYPE (valued at ~$16.16 million).
21 minutes ago
Machi Wins 10 Consecutive $PUMP Trades, Profits $1.34M in 5 Days
Machi(@machibigbrother) has been doing well on $PUMP recently. He has won 10 $PUMP trades in a row over the past 5 days, making a total profit of $1.34M. Current long positions: 33,950 $ETH ($92.56M) 409 $BTC ($35.22M) 180,000 $HYPE ($16.16M)
21 minutes ago
ENS official address sells another 1,097 ETH, worth approximately $3 million.
According to Lookonchain's monitoring, the ENS official address (ens.eth) sold 1,097 ETH again four hours ago, at an average price of roughly $2,743 per ETH, for a total value of approximately $3 million.
The co-authors of EIP-8363, a proposal to burn a rising share of Ethereum validator rewards as more Ethereum (ETH) is staked, have withdrawn it from consideration for the network's Hegota upgrade.
"Withdrawing EIP-8363 from consideration for Hegotá," co-author Jérôme de Tychey, president of Ethereum France, wrote in an X post on Thursday morning.
De Tychey said several industry participants, as well as core protocol and client contributors, argued during Hegotá's Consideration for Inclusion (CFI) process that "a fork scoping exercise was not the right venue to settle an issuance policy change."
"We agree and we'd rather acknowledge this now than carry on towards Hegotà in this context," he wrote, noting that the proposal had become "one of the most commented-on EIPs in the history of the Ethereum-Magicians forum."
The authors committed to a separate process for determining questions of Ethereum's issuance policy. De Tychey thanked liquid staking protocol Lido for offering to help steer it.
A separate, dedicated process De Tychey grouped the objections raised since August into five categories: security, industry impact, the design of the burn curve, the makeup of the validator set and the effect on solo stakers.
To determine how to proceed with tackling the issues, de Tychey attached a timeline for what he called a "multi-node process." It starts with an issuance forum at Devcon in November, following a first roundtable at EthCC 2026.
Workshops would follow after Devcon and in February and March, with a tentative forum at a Columbia University cryptoeconomics workshop in January.
The schedule ends with a forum at EthCC in April, where the authors aim to engage core developers and reach CFI or Scheduled for Inclusion (SFI) status for a proposal.
De Tychey said the authors stand by the proposal's motivation. He quoted the EIP's view that a very high staking ratio threatens "Ethereum's security, neutrality and resistance to capture" as well as "ETH's role as money."
The proposal Researchers including the Ethereum Foundation's Justin Drake, Pintail, de Tychey, dapplion, pa7x1 and Ladislaus von Daniels proposed the "Tapered Issuance Burn" on Aug. 4, days before Hegota's deadline for non-headliner EIPs.
Under the EIP, the share of rewards burned would climb with the total level of staked ETH and would reach 100% at about 60.25 million ETH, or roughly half of the supply. The change would phase in over about 18 months.
About 34% of ETH supply was staked in mid-August, The Block reported at the time. At that level, annual consensus yield would fall from about 2.6% to 1.2% under the proposal.
Industry reaction SharpLink CEO Joseph Chalom formally opposed the proposal in August, saying it would "undermine DeFi." Aave founder Stani Kulechov called it "hurtful for Ethereum" at the time.
On Thursday, Kulechov quote-posted de Tychey's announcement of the withdrawal, saying "Great move."
Developers are still scoping Hegota, an upcoming Ethereum hard fork, which will follow the next update, Glamsterdam. On Sunday, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin outlined his vision for the future of Ethereum in a blog post, and said Hegota "is likely to be Ethereum's last 'normal' fork, with features and technology that would be recognizable to someone in 2015."
"Everything after that involves recursive STARKs, automated formal verification, highly optimized consensus algorithms, and making it all quantum-safe," Buterin wrote.
Ethereum po upgradu Glamsterdam cílí na limit 200 milionů gas na blok, což by více než ztrojnásobilo současných zhruba 60 milionů. Test na Sepolii je naplánován na 6. října 2026.
Ethereum is preparing a new massive increase in its capacity. Crypto network developers now consider a limit of 200 million gas per block a credible goal after Glamsterdam. The mainnet currently operates around 60 million. If this step is passed, Ethereum could therefore more than triple the available space to execute transactions and smart contracts.
In brief Ethereum aims for a 200 million gas limit after Glamsterdam. The network currently operates around 60 million. Glamsterdam is to be tested on Sepolia on October 6, 2026. Ethereum has already greatly increased its capacity in less than a year. The gas limit rose from 45 to 60 million at the end of 2025, a change already supported by more than 500,000 validators.
The next goal is much more ambitious. At a developers meetup in Svalbard, Ethereum teams considered that a floor of 200 million gas after Glamsterdam became technically credible. This level mainly results from three projects: ePBS, Block-Level Access Lists, and a new pricing for certain operations with EIP-8037.
Gas measures the amount of computation that an Ethereum block can accept. A higher limit thus allows more operations to be placed in each block.
60 million today. 200 million targeted next. However, the increase will not be automatically activated right at Glamsterdam. Validators will have to gradually adopt a higher limit, provided clients and infrastructure follow without degrading network stability. The Sepolia testnet will be an important first trial on October 6.
More capacity without letting data explode Tripling the gas limit looks simple on paper. The problem comes from what transactions leave behind. Every account, smart contract, and data stored permanently increases Ethereum’s state. Allowing much more execution without changing the costs of certain operations could accelerate this growth and make nodes heavier to operate.
Glamsterdam therefore must modify the gas price. EIP-8037 notably raises the cost of certain operations that create or use state. The goal is to charge more for the most costly activities for the network, while freeing capacity elsewhere.
Ethereum is also preparing the Block-Level Access Lists. They indicate in advance the accounts and storage locations that a block uses, which should facilitate parallel processing of some data.
The crypto network has long sought to increase its throughput without simply inflating blocks. Ethereum’s average fees have already dropped more than 85% this year, with an ETH transfer falling around 0.095 dollars in September. A 200 million limit would give even more space. Provided demand does not immediately fill this new capacity.
Glamsterdam now goes through Sepolia Before the 200 million, Ethereum must make Glamsterdam work properly. The upgrade combines several major changes. ePBS integrates the separation between block builders and proposers directly into the protocol. Block-Level Access Lists prepare more parallelization. The new gas rules must better reflect the real cost of operations.
Deployment on Sepolia is scheduled for October 6 at 13:53 UTC. Prysm and Teku clients still offer a default 60 million limit but already allow testnet validators to explicitly configure 200 million.
The mainnet will have to wait. Ethereum has not yet announced a definitive date for Glamsterdam activation on the main network. Developers are still testing before this deployment. The 200 million goal therefore remains a technical target, not a capacity already available. Nonetheless, Ethereum has come a long way since the 30 million gas that long constituted its standard. The network is now at 60 million and is already preparing the next step. For the crypto layer 1, the scale change is starting to get serious.
Maximize your Cointribune experience with our "Read to Earn" program! For every article you read, earn points and access exclusive rewards. Sign up now and start earning benefits.
Join the program
A
A
Lien copié
Evans S.
Fascinated by Bitcoin since 2017, Evariste has continuously researched the subject. While his initial interest was in trading, he now actively seeks to understand all advances centered on cryptocurrencies. As an editor, he strives to consistently deliver high-quality work that reflects the state of the sector as a whole.
DISCLAIMER
The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed in this article belong solely to the author, and should not be taken as investment advice. Do your own research before taking any investment decisions.
Ethereum Foundation a Open Anonymity Project spustily 1. října 2026 zkAPI na mainnetu Ethereum, které umožňuje platit za přístup k API bez vazby na identitu. Systém používá kryptografický důkaz k anonymní autorizaci plateb.
The Ethereum Foundation and the Open Anonymity Project have launched zkAPI, a system on Ethereum mainnet that lets people pay for API access without leaving a trail back to who they are.
The launch went live on October 1, 2026. The setup centers on a smart contract vault deployed on Ethereum mainnet.
Users deposit ETH or USDC into that vault. Those deposits become credits, and the vault contract holds them as USDC credits.
Advertisement
When a user wants to call an API, such as an AI model, they generate a cryptographic proof authorizing the payment. The service gets paid, and the user gets their response. The authorization is designed to be unlinkable to any specific deposit or identity.
Under the hood, zkAPI relies on three cryptographic building blocks:
Groth16 proofs: a type of zero-knowledge proof that lets someone prove a statement is true without revealing the underlying data. Baby-JubJub commitments: a way of locking in a value, like a deposit, so it can be referenced later without being exposed. A 32-level Merkle tree: a data structure that bundles many commitments into a single fingerprint, which a user can prove membership in without pointing to their specific entry. User funds sit in contracts controlled on Ethereum itself, not on a company server. That means users can withdraw their funds independently, without relying on any server to cooperate.
The proposal traces back to a February 11, 2026 research post by Vitalik Buterin and Davide Crapis. That puts the timeline from idea to mainnet deployment at under eight months.
The Open Anonymity Project, the Ethereum Foundation’s partner on the launch, had secured over $100,000 in grants from the Ethereum Foundation and the Human Rights Foundation as of May 2026.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Estefano Gomez. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Citigroup zvýšila 12měsíční cílovou cenu pro Bitcoin na 113 000 USD z 82 000 USD a pro ether na 3 028 USD z 2 240 USD. Důvodem jsou obnovené přílivy do ETF a příznivé makroekonomické podmínky.
Citigroup raised its 12-month bitcoin forecast to $113,000 from $82,000 and its ether target to $3,028 from $2,240, citing renewed exchange-traded fund inflows and favorable economic conditions.Citi expects cryptocurrency investment products to attract $5 billion over the next year as advisers and brokerages gradually increase bitcoin allocations.Bitcoin rose more than 10 percent after the Senate rejected the Clarity Act on Sept. 15, while subsequent SEC announcements and Treasury bond buybacks helped ease negative sentiment and revive the broader cryptocurrency market.Financial services giant Citigroup (C) has raised its outlook for bitcoin BTC$83 921,58 and ether ETH$2 705,54 on account of exchange-traded fund (ETF) inflows resuming and supportive macroeconomic conditions, in a note on Wednesdy.
Citi raised its 12-month forecast for bitcoin from $82,000 to $113,000 and for ether from $2,240 to $3,028. The targets represent increases for BTC and ETH of around 35% and 12% respectively based on their current prices.
Citi expects “slower but stickier” inflows into products like ETFs as advisers and brokerages favour gradual increases in bitcoin allocations, forecasting $5 billion of inflow over the next 12 months.
U.S. spot bitcoin ETFs had experienced year-to-date net outflows of $5.8 billion as of July 13. This has been reversed in the months since though, with net inflows for 2026 reaching $800 million as of late September.
Despite the U.S. Senate failing to advance the Clarity Act in the middle of last month, Citi says the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)’s subsequent rule announcements dampened negative sentiment, referring to them as “a temporary but meaningful positive.”
“At this stage of the electoral cycle stage, rulemaking clarity may substitute for a durable Clarity Act,” Citi said. “However, we see risk that a 2028 administration change could roll back agency-promulgated rules, albeit this concern lies outside our forecast horizon.”
The cryptocurrency market showed resilience in the aftermath of the Clarity Act’s rejection by the Senate on Sept. 15, with bitcoin gaining more than 10% by the end of the month.
Citi cited the U.S. Treasury’s move to buy back longer-dated bonds which revived momentum across the crypto market and helped it break out of a months-long slump of trailing other risk assets.
UPDATE (Oct. 1, 12:00 UTC): Removes Reuters attributions and adds additional detail from Citi’s note.
Related Assets
12345678910The Definitive Stablecoin Landscape Series: Asia Pacific
The Definitive Stablecoin Landscape Series: Asia Pacific
As stablecoins move into regulated finance, APAC is becoming a key proving ground. This report maps the region’s rules, use cases, and RLUSD’s role.
Sep 15, 2026
As stablecoins move into regulated finance, APAC is becoming a key proving ground. This report maps the region’s rules, use cases, and RLUSD’s role.
Why it matters:
As stablecoins move into regulated finance, APAC is becoming a key proving ground. This report maps the region’s rules, use cases, and RLUSD’s role.
Aerodrome Finance a Velodrome Finance se sloučí do platformy Aero, která má rozšířit adresovatelný trh z 7 miliard USD na více než 63 miliard USD TVL. Integrace má být spuštěna v říjnu 2026.
Two of DeFi’s better-known liquidity hubs are becoming one. Aerodrome Finance and Velodrome Finance are merging into a single platform called Aero, and the pitch is all about reach.
According to the announcement, Aero will grow its addressable market from $7 billion to over $63 billion in total value locked. It will also serve chains that together handle $135 billion in monthly trading volume.
What the merger actually involves The consolidation was announced in mid-November 2025. The integration is set to go live in October 2026.
The end product is meant to be simple on the surface. Users get one token and one interface instead of two of each.
Advertisement
Under the hood, Aero merges the existing ve(3,3)-style tokenomics that both Aerodrome and Velodrome run on. Holders lock up tokens for a period of time, receive voting power in return, and use that power to steer where new token rewards flow. Combining two of these systems into one means a single set of voters directing incentives across a much bigger map.
The unified protocol is planned to operate across chains including Base, Optimism, and Ethereum mainnet.
What happens to VELO holders For anyone holding VELO, the key question is the swap. VELO holders are expected to convert into AERO at a defined ratio, with one proposed ratio set at 0.55:1. Put simply, under that proposal each VELO would become 0.55 AERO. The word doing the heavy lifting there is “proposed,” so holders should treat the figure as a draft rather than a signed contract.
Why fragmentation is the real target The stated goal of the merger is to cut down on the inefficiencies created by fragmentation in Layer-2 ecosystems. Layer-2 networks are separate chains built on top of Ethereum to make transactions cheaper and faster. The catch is that each one tends to develop its own pool of liquidity. Money sitting on one chain does not automatically help a trader on another.
Aero is positioning itself as a single liquidity layer for Ethereum-aligned chains instead of a scattered collection of smaller pools.
What this means for traders and the DEX landscape For liquidity providers, the draw is scale. A protocol that can tap into chains carrying $135 billion in monthly volume offers far more fee-generating opportunities than one confined to a narrower footprint.
That assumption matters. Serving chains with $135 billion in monthly trading volume is not the same as processing $135 billion in monthly trading volume. The figure describes the size of the pond, not the size of the catch.
The same logic applies to the $63 billion number. It reflects the total value locked across the markets Aero intends to serve, not deposits Aero already holds.
For AERO and VELO holders, the practical items to watch are clear. Keep an eye on whether the conversion ratio is finalized as proposed, how the merged ve(3,3) voting system is structured, and how quickly liquidity actually shows up on new chains once Aero goes live in October 2026.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Estefano Gomez. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Lido uvedlo, že MetaMask Staking po bezpečnostním incidentu začne v protokolu ukončovat své validátory Ethereum. Dokončení procesu očekává nejpozději do 7. října 2026.
PANews reported on October 1 that Lido stated on X that, following an investigation into an infrastructure breach, MetaMask Staking (formerly known as Consensys Staking) has taken precautionary measures to protect client assets related to the Ethereum validator nodes it operates.
Lido said these measures include exiting the Ethereum (ETH) validator nodes it operates within the Lido protocol. The related operations may result in forgoing some staking rewards, and may incur downtime penalties due to future validator node shutdowns aimed at reducing potential network slashing risks. At present, the relevant validator nodes have begun the exit process, which is expected to be completed by October 7, 2026 at the latest (though not all withdrawals have been completed yet).
Lido stated that stETH holders do not need to take any action. The ETH exited from MetaMask Staking's operated validator nodes is expected to gradually return to the protocol after the relevant validator nodes complete their exit, withdrawal, and re-entry into the staking cycle. Due to the current long Ethereum validator entry queue, the entire process is expected to take up to approximately 45 days. Staking is inherently a non-custodial model, and MetaMask will not manage staking withdrawal keys on behalf of clients.
In addition, Lido's diversified node operator system, along with security mechanisms including an ad hoc reserve fund of more than 6,750 stETH, is designed to control and mitigate the impact on the protocol's normal operations.
Ethereum ve 3. čtvrtletí vzrostlo zhruba o 60 % a americké spotové ETF za pět obchodních dní do 29. září přilákaly čisté přílivy ve výši 287,5 milionu USD. Klíčová resistance zůstává na 2 800 USD.
Ethereum delivered an estimated 60% surge in the third quarter, data from PrimeXBT revealed, placing Q3 among the network’s best quarterly performances to date.
Strong institutional interest supports price actionInstitutional appetite for Ethereum has remained steady through the end of September. Over the last five trading days through September 29, US spot Ethereum exchange-traded funds (ETFs) saw $287.5 million in net inflows. Total tracked institutional funds currently hold around 5.91 million ETH, translating to $24.17 billion at current values.
On September 25 alone, spot ETH ETFs drew in approximately $87 million in net inflows, marking a continuation of strong institutional demand after the asset experienced significant outflows earlier in the month.
ETH ETF flows remain strong, with net inflows totaling $287.5 million over a single week and a daily intake of $87 million on September 25, highlighting ongoing institutional attention even as broader investor appetite fluctuates.
Coinpaper, a cryptocurrency news and analysis platform, has pointed to a pattern of Ethereum outperforming Bitcoin recently, correlating this trend with ongoing positive ETF flows.
Mini dictionary: Coinpaper, a digital media outlet, delivers news and specialized analytical content focused exclusively on the cryptocurrency sector.
Key resistance remains at $2,800Despite its impressive quarterly rally, Ethereum has repeatedly failed to maintain momentum above the $2,800 mark. Recent price action saw ETH briefly rise above $2,800 only to fall back below, reinforcing the significance of this level as immediate short-term resistance.
Coinpaper has documented several instances where ETH’s ascent was halted at or near $2,800. Analysts now consider a clear and sustained move above that threshold as necessary for further gains toward $3,000 and potentially $3,050 in the near term.
ScenarioSupport LevelResistance/TargetBullish$2,650$2,800 then $3,000-$3,050Neutral$2,600$2,800BearishBelow $2,600No clear resistance, risk of further downsideQuarter ahead: Market scenarios for ETHAnalysts describe the outlook for Ethereum in the fourth quarter as “relatively straightforward.” A bullish scenario could unfold if ETH can break and retain levels above $2,800, potentially driving prices quickly toward $3,000 or higher.
A neutral outlook would see Ethereum consolidating between approximately $2,600 and $2,800, following the sharp appreciation in Q3. This would suggest the market is pausing for direction after substantial recent gains.
On the downside, sentiment may turn more negative if Ethereum falls below the $2,600 area, particularly if larger risk markets also show signs of weakness.
If ETH fails to hold above $2,600, the bearish case strengthens, especially amid wider risk-off movements, whereas a firm close above $2,800 could open the way to new quarterly highs.
