Kongres zvažuje návrh, který by bankám a úvěrovým družstvům umožnil držet kryptoměny a vydávat stablecoiny. Šlo by o přechod od dosavadního vedení k zákonnému povolení.
Congress is considering a legislative proposal that would allow banks and credit unions to hold cryptocurrencies and issue stablecoins, according to a report. This development comes amid ongoing efforts to integrate digital assets into the financial sector through the GENIUS Act, which established a framework for payment stablecoins in the U.S. The proposal would mark a shift from the current guidance-based approach to statutory permission, potentially broadening institutional participation in the crypto market. The decision could have significant implications for the financial sector, as it would enable federally insured institutions to engage more directly with digital currencies.
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Key Takeaways The proposal appears to reflect a shift towards statutory permission for banks and credit unions to engage in cryptocurrency activities. Market behavior suggests participants may see this development as supportive of increased institutional adoption of digital assets. Pricing in relevant markets indicates a potential rise in confidence regarding Bitcoin’s future price trajectory. What to Watch Observers should monitor any legislative progress on this proposal, as its advancement could be consistent with scenarios where Bitcoin’s price increases. Key dates include congressional sessions where this proposal might be debated or voted on. Additionally, developments regarding related regulations and announcements from major banks and credit unions about their intentions could further influence market expectations.
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What Price Will Bitcoin Hit Before 2027
Contract Odds Δ since publish Volume 24h December 31 1% — — View market → December 31 1.4% — — View market → December 31 2.9% — — View market → December 31 3.8% — — View market → December 31 10.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 43% — — View market → January 1 2027 4.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 1% — — View market → January 1 2027 1.1% — — View market → January 1 2027 1.9% — — View market → January 1 2027 3.2% — — View market → January 1 2027 5.2% — — View market → January 1 2027 18.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 9% — — View market → January 1 2027 2.4% — — View market → January 1 2027 0.8% — — View market → January 1 2027 0.8% — — View market → January 1 2027 6.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 3.1% — — View market → January 1 2027 2.1% — — View market → January 1 2027 1.6% — — View market → January 1 2027 0.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 0.7% — — View market → January 1 2027 0.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 0.2% — — View market → January 1 2027 58% — — View market → January 1 2027 29.5% — — View market → January 1 2027 19.5% — — View market → When Will Bitcoin Hit 150k
Contract Odds Δ since publish Volume 24h December 31, 2026 2.4% — — View market →
MMF schválil pro El Salvador okamžitou výplatu zhruba 138 milionů USD poté, co prominul porušení podmínky týkající se akumulace bitcoinů. Fond uvedl, že další navyšování má být jen z doložených darů.
El Salvador has secured an immediate IMF disbursement of roughly $138 million after the lender completed two reviews of its $1.4 billion program and granted waivers for missed conditions, including one tied to Bitcoin accumulation.
Summary
IMF approved about $138 million after waiving El Salvador’s breach of Bitcoin accumulation limits Thursday. El Salvador documented recent Bitcoin additions as private donations, with no public resources used directly. IMF expects no further Bitcoin accumulation beyond documented donations under the current lending program commitments. Chivo’s majority ownership and operational control moved to a private operator, according to the IMF. IMF projects El Salvador’s economy will grow 4.5% in 2026 and 4% during 2027 respectively. The IMF said its Executive Board completed the second and third reviews under El Salvador’s 40-month Extended Fund Facility on Oct. 1, releasing SDR 101.96 million, worth about $138 million at the Fund’s stated conversion. Bloomberg reported the amount as $139 million.
The board found that several performance criteria had not been met, including the condition covering Bitcoin accumulation. Waivers were granted after what the IMF described as corrective measures and renewed commitments from Salvadoran authorities.
BREAKING: 🇸🇻 IMF approves a $139 MILLION payout to El Salvador after waiving its Bitcoin accumulation limit breach.
🇸🇻 El Salvador continues its Bitcoin strategy. pic.twitter.com/NFRPSxItzJ
— EyeWhales (@EyeWhales) October 1, 2026 Why did the IMF waive El Salvador’s Bitcoin breach? El Salvador’s original IMF program placed a continuous restriction on voluntary Bitcoin accumulation by the public sector. Earlier program documents defined voluntary accumulation as purchases or mining, while excluding Bitcoin acquired through seizures, forfeitures and similar law-enforcement actions.
By September, however, the IMF and Salvadoran authorities had reached an agreement over Bitcoin that had appeared in government-controlled wallets since the first review. The Fund said documentation supplied by El Salvador showed the accumulation came from private donations and that no public resources were used.
The finding clarified earlier questions over wallet movements that appeared to show El Salvador continuing to add Bitcoin after agreeing to limit state accumulation. El Salvador’s privately donated Bitcoin noted that the IMF accepted documentation tracing those additions to donations, although donor identities and individual donation amounts were not made public.
The Oct. 1 board decision does not authorize a return to government-funded Bitcoin purchases. The IMF said “no further Bitcoin accumulation is expected beyond documented donations,” making the statement a forward-looking program expectation tied to the current agreement.
Earlier IMF documents had recorded smaller technical breaches of the Bitcoin condition because balances held for Chivo customers could fluctuate, even while public-sector holdings remained unchanged. The latest release does not say those earlier technical issues alone explain the new waiver.
El Salvador must keep cutting the state’s crypto role Bitcoin is only one part of the IMF’s conditions. The program has required El Salvador to reduce direct government involvement in the Chivo wallet, which was introduced as part of the country’s Bitcoin rollout.
In September, the Fund confirmed that majority ownership and operational control of Chivo had moved to a private operator. The government retained a minority stake and custodial responsibilities for customer assets at that stage.
The Executive Board now wants the remaining state exposure removed. Dan Katz, the IMF’s First Deputy Managing Director and chair of the board discussion, said the residual public-sector involvement “should be fully unwound.”
El Salvador had already changed its Bitcoin Law in 2025, ending mandatory Bitcoin acceptance for private businesses and requiring taxes to be paid in U.S. dollars. The changes formed part of the measures underpinning the IMF program. Previouscoverage of El Salvador ending mandatory Bitcoin acceptance detailed the legal changes and the planned reduction of government involvement in Chivo.
Negotiations over Chivo continued into 2026. By September, the transfer of majority ownership and operational control had been completed, though the IMF’s latest statement shows the government had not fully eliminated its remaining exposure.
IMF lifts El Salvador growth forecast to 4.5% The payout was approved as the IMF reported stronger economic activity than it had expected. The Fund projects El Salvador’s real GDP to grow 4.5% in 2026 after an estimated 3.9% expansion in 2025. Growth is forecast at 4% in 2027.
IMF staff attributed the stronger activity to investment and private consumption, alongside remittances, tourism and capital inflows. It cited improved security and investor confidence among the factors supporting activity.
Reserve and liquidity targets were comfortably met, according to the board review. Gross international reserves are projected at $5.35 billion in 2026 and $6.17 billion in 2027. The primary fiscal balance is forecast at a surplus of 2.9% of GDP this year and 3.7% next year.
The Fund still wants El Salvador to continue its fiscal reforms. Pension and civil-service measures had faced delays, while the IMF called for tighter expenditure controls, improved revenue administration and stronger public financial management.
What happens next for El Salvador’s Bitcoin policy? Bitcoin holdings remain subject to increased disclosure requirements under the IMF program. Authorities are expected to improve reporting for crypto assets controlled by public bodies and maintain updated information on government-controlled wallets.
The Fund wants public Bitcoin exposure kept from expanding beyond verified donations. Its September agreement said authorities had supplied documentation for accumulated coins and committed to no new accumulation outside those documented transfers.
El Salvador’s public-facing Bitcoin strategy had previously created confusion because government-linked channels continued to display growing holdings while IMF documents said no public resources were being used. Earlier coverage of the gap between daily Bitcoin claims and IMF records examined the disagreement between wallet activity and official program accounting.
Under the next stage of the program, the IMF wants stronger rules covering digital-asset companies, public crypto holdings and financial-sector oversight. Katz said authorities should improve disclosure of state crypto assets and strengthen regulatory, supervisory and governance rules for crypto service providers.
The IMF specifically called for amendments to El Salvador’s Digital Asset Issuance Law as part of that regulatory work, while the government is expected to finish unwinding its remaining public-sector exposure to Chivo.
Klienti spotových XRP ETF od Bitwise a Franklin Templeton nakoupili další XRP za 7,24 milionu USD. Celkové čisté přílivy do XRP ETF už dosáhly zhruba 1,79 miliardy USD.
Clients of the Bitwise and Franklin Templeton spot XRP ETFs bought another $7.24 million worth of XRP. In ETF land, that counts as a quiet day.
A steady drip, not a firehose On September 23, 2026, combined net inflows into the two funds totaled $18.04 million. Bitwise accounted for $11.54 million of that, while Franklin Templeton brought in $6.50 million.
Two days later, the pace picked up. On September 25, combined net inflows reached approximately $22.65 million, with Bitwise responsible for around $18.39 million.
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Total inflows across XRP ETFs have climbed to around $1.79 billion. Net assets sit somewhere between $1.7 billion and $1.8 billion, nearing that upper figure.
Bitwise leads the pack, with cumulative net inflows in a range of $613 million to $677 million. Franklin Templeton trails but is closing in on the $500 million mark.
How XRP ETFs got here Bitwise and Franklin Templeton launched their US spot XRP ETFs in November 2025. The pitch was simple: give investors XRP price exposure without making them manage the token themselves.
The products have also benefited from a friendlier regulatory backdrop around Ripple and XRP. XRP ETFs have since become a popular diversification pick, often sitting in portfolios alongside Bitcoin and Ethereum exposure.
Inflows up, price not so much The token has been trading under pressure near the $1.5 level, even as ETF money keeps arriving. Inflows into these funds have not tracked neatly with XRP’s price moves.
What this means for XRP and the ETF market Bitwise’s cumulative inflows outpace Franklin Templeton’s, and its daily contributions have been larger in recent sessions. Franklin Templeton is approaching $500 million in cumulative inflows.
What to watch next: whether daily inflows return to the $18 million to $22 million range seen in late September, whether cumulative inflows push past the $1.8 billion area, and whether XRP can hold or reclaim ground around $1.5.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Vivian Nguyen. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Útočník vyčerpal dvě Safe multisig peněženky na síti Ethereum přes chybný modul pro Aave v3 a způsobil ztráty kolem 305–310 tisíc dolarů. Aave ani core infrastruktura Safe kompromitovány nebyly.
An attacker drained two Safe multisig wallets on Ethereum on October 1, 2026. They did it by exploiting a third-party module built to run leveraged positions on Aave v3.
Security firm SlowMist flagged the attack. It reported that the exploiter forged Safe authentication and repaid about 1,300 WETH of Aave debt to unlock the wallets’ collateral. Combined victim losses are estimated between $305K and $310K.
Neither Aave v3 nor Safe’s core infrastructure was compromised. The weak link was the FlashLoopAdapter, a module the victims had enabled on their own wallets.
How the FlashLoopAdapter attack worked The vulnerable component was the FlashLoopAdapter, a module designed to help users build leveraged positions on Aave v3. It gets limited permission to operate the account so the owner doesn’t have to do every step by hand.
The attacker deployed a fake contract that impersonated Safe authentication. That let them slip past the module’s access controls. From there, they steered the module’s execution paths to move assets out of the two multisigs.
The whole operation ran in a single transaction. It started with a WETH flash loan sourced from Morpho.
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With the borrowed funds, the attacker paid down roughly 1,300 to 1,335 WETH of Aave debt held by the wallets. Repaying a loan frees up the collateral behind it, and that collateral was the real prize.
From one Safe, the attacker pulled collateral worth around 1,306.48 WETH. A smaller sum came out of the second wallet. After repaying the flash loan, the attacker’s net profit landed at approximately 114.09 ETH.
The root cause: trusting the caller Post-incident analyses traced the flaw to the module’s open() and close() functions. These are the routines that set up and unwind leveraged positions.
The specific problem was weak validation of responses controlled by the caller. The module accepted answers from whoever called it without properly confirming they came from a legitimate Safe.
SlowMist and fellow security firm ExVul both raised alerts after the attack. Both affected Safes disabled the vulnerable module right away to stop further losses.
Why modules keep becoming the weak spot Safe wallets are popular precisely because they are modular. Owners can attach extensions that automate strategies, manage permissions or connect to lending protocols like Aave.
A module with broad execution rights over a wallet effectively inherits that wallet’s power. If the module has a bug, the multisig’s signature requirements don’t help much, because the module was already granted a way around them.
What this means for DeFi users and builders For users running leveraged strategies through third-party tooling, the security of a position is only as strong as the least-audited contract with permission to touch it.
Holders of Safe multisigs may want to review which modules are enabled on their wallets. Any module that can move funds deserves the same scrutiny as the wallet’s signer set, arguably more, since it can act without collecting signatures.
For Aave, the protocol worked as designed: debt was repaid, so collateral was released. The failure sat entirely in the adapter that decided who was allowed to trigger those actions.
For developers building leverage tools and wallet extensions, validating every caller-supplied input, especially anything claiming to come from a trusted contract, is the minimum. Flash loans mean attackers can bring enormous temporary capital to any flaw, so even narrow bugs can unlock large balances.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Estefano Gomez. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
A new push to tighten NEAR's token supply@sal_ternullo, CEO of Nasdaq-listed @svrn_ai, has put forward a proposal to reduce @NEARProtocol's maximum annual inflation rate from 2.5% to 1.6%, phased in gradually every epoch over 24 months. Under the plan, staking yield would fall from roughly 5.4% to around 3.5%. A vote through the House of Stake governance body is expected next week.
The proposal is the latest step in an ongoing effort to tighten $NEAR's token economics. NEAR Protocol previously reduced its inflation rate from 5% to 2.5% in October 2025, a move that generated considerable debate about how the network reaches and enforces major decisions. Ternullo's new proposal would push issuance down further still.
The rationale laid out in the governance forum is straightforward. At 2.5%, the protocol is currently adding roughly 89,500 new $NEAR to supply every day, yet 58.7% of NEAR is not staked, meaning the majority of holders are being diluted and receiving nothing in return. Over a six-year horizon, the proposed reduction would avoid approximately 66 million NEAR of new issuance, equivalent to around $329 million at current prices.
Beyond the near-term numbers, Ternullo has flagged a longer-term ambition: steering NEAR toward a fixed token supply over time. He has described this as a directional goal rather than a formal proposal, but it signals how he views the protocol's trajectory.
SVRN's stake gives its voice weightThe proposal carries institutional weight. SVRN currently holds more than 55 million $NEAR tokens, making it one of the largest single holders in the ecosystem. That position gives its governance views real consequence for any vote outcome. Notably, Ternullo disclosed that the issuance cut would reduce SVRN's own staking revenue by roughly 970,000 NEAR per year.
SVRN is the only Nasdaq-listed treasury company built around NEAR, and belongs to a new class of public companies that give investors direct, single-asset exposure to a digital asset network. Its stated target is to accumulate toward 10% of NEAR's total supply.
Early reactions on the NEAR governance forum are mixed. Supporters argue that lower inflation reduces sell pressure and better aligns incentives, while critics are likely to weigh the impact on staking returns and validator economics. A House of Stake vote is not the final step either: validators would still need to adopt the change through the normal protocol upgrade process, the same path taken during the 2025 halving. The upcoming vote will provide the first formal read on where the community stands.
Sources
NEAR Governance Forum: Reducing Issuance to 1.6% and the Path to a Fixed Supply
Nasdaq: SVRN, Inc. Completes Its Corporate Transformation
The Defiant: NEAR Protocol Halving Upgrade and Community Vote
Binance spálil 334 879 422,009852 tokenů LUNC a obíhající nabídka Terra Luna Classic klesla na zhruba 5,51 bilionu. Celkem už Binance spálil přes 88 miliard tokenů LUNC.
Binance, the world’s leading cryptocurrency exchange by trading volume, has completed its latest scheduled Terra Luna Classic (LUNC) token burn. This round saw more than 334 million LUNC removed from circulation, a move that extends the company’s ongoing commitment to deflationary measures for the blockchain’s native coin.
Latest burn and supply outlookOn October 1, Binance executed the destruction of 334,879,422.009852 Terra Luna Classic tokens. These tokens were sent to a designated burn address, rendering them permanently ineligible to re-enter circulation.
According to official on-chain data, Binance has now burned more than 88 billion LUNC tokens to date, consistently reducing overall supply. The most recent figures show that the circulating supply now stands at approximately 5.51 trillion LUNC.
The cumulative LUNC burned across all participants has reached 460,108,314,222. Despite these extensive efforts, most analysts observed that the recent burn had little immediate impact on the trading price of LUNC or market momentum.
MetricValueLatest burn (October 1)334,879,422 LUNCTotal Binance burns (to date)88 billion LUNCTotal LUNC burned (all sources)460.1 billion LUNCCurrent circulating supply5.51 trillion LUNC24-hour trading volumeBelow $10 millionLow demand and technical barriersCrypto analysts noted on X that LUNC’s price action remains subdued, with daily trading volume on spot markets falling below $10 million. This lack of clear buying interest has muted any deflationary effect of the burns in terms of price appreciation.
LUNC’s trading price now hovers at $0.000052, sitting well beneath key trend lines such as the Double Exponential Moving Average (Double EMA) and the Smoothed Moving Average (SMA).
The token’s last significant rally occurred in mid-May, when it briefly touched $0.00012. Since then, LUNC has trended lower, with technical analysis suggesting that breaching the current moving average resistance remains a challenge.
Despite these challenges, some market observers have identified a modest uptick in whale activity. The Chaikin Money Flow (CMF), a technical indicator that measures buying and selling pressure, has risen to 0.14 since the start of September, potentially signaling renewed accumulation by large holders.
Mini dictionary: Chaikin Money Flow (CMF) is a technical analysis indicator that combines price and volume data to assess buying and selling pressure over a given period, often used to identify potential trend reversals.
Market commentators highlighted that this pattern mirrors the build-up seen before the rally in late April and early May, though current subdued spot volumes make any near-term recovery uncertain.
Ongoing competition and outlookDespite Binance’s consistent LUNC burn program, the coin’s price has remained under pressure amid increased competition within the altcoin market. Analysts suggest that while deflation reduces supply, price movements largely depend on revived demand and broader market sentiment.
With active spot trading at a standstill and ongoing supply reduction efforts, Terra Luna Classic’s trajectory remains closely watched by the community as investors look for fresh catalysts to boost demand.
Bitkub nově podporuje nativní USDT na síti Aptos pro vklady a výběry, čímž dává více než 5 milionům uživatelů přímý THB nástupní a výstupní bod. Transakce mají stát asi $0.0005 a být potvrzené za méně než sekundu.
Thailand’s Bitkub exchange now lets users move Tether’s USDT directly on the Aptos network.
What changed on Bitkub Bitkub began supporting the Aptos network for USDT deposits and withdrawals on September 30, 2026. The switch flipped at 3:00 PM GMT+7.
The exchange has over 5 million registered users. Each of them can now send USDT on and off the platform through Aptos instead of another network.
Users need to generate a new USDT wallet address specifically for Aptos transactions on Bitkub.
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The integration gives local users a THB on-ramp and off-ramp for USDT that runs through Aptos.
Why the numbers on Aptos look appealing Cost is the headline feature. Aptos-native USDT transfers run at approximately $0.0005 each.
Transactions on Aptos reach finality in less than a second, meaning the transfer is settled and cannot be reversed almost instantly.
The research behind this rollout frames these figures as a substantial efficiency and user experience improvement over traditional networks like Tron.
Native USDT on Aptos is not new. Tether’s stablecoin first went live natively on the chain in October 2024, built on Aptos’s Move-based fungible asset standard. Tether issues the token directly on Aptos, meaning it is not a wrapped or bridged copy of USDT from another chain.
The education angle and the bigger Asian push Bitkub Academy partnered with the Aptos Foundation in July 2024 to strengthen blockchain and Web3 education across Thailand and Southeast Asia.
Taiwan’s MAX exchange rolled out Aptos-native USDT support at the same time as Bitkub. Bithumb and Upbit, two of South Korea’s major exchanges, started supporting Aptos-native USDT in 2025.
What this means for Aptos and Thai users For Thai retail users, the immediate benefit is cheaper, faster USDT movement with a direct link to the baht. Fees around $0.0005 add up to real savings over time for users who regularly shuttle stablecoins between wallets or exchanges.
The research points to growing acceptance of stablecoins as viable payment tools among Asian institutions, with regional exchanges steadily expanding their stablecoin functionality. The research findings also suggest these integrations may lift trading volumes on Aptos.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Kaye Quema. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
In brief Zcash trades at $1,333.50, down 7.29% on the day and about 21% below its $1,698.00 peak, after climbing roughly 253% from a $480.72 base. Grayscale's Zcash ETF recorded a $30.25 million net outflow on Sept. 30, against $268 million in cumulative net inflows since launch. It's a rough stretch, but the charts suggest ZEC still has room to run. Zcash is having a rough Thursday. ZEC is trading at $1,333.50, down 7.29% on the day, with about three hours left before the daily candle closes.
That puts the privacy coin roughly 21% below the $1,698.00 peak it hit in late September. It also shows how far ZEC had run: the coin climbed about 253% from a $480.72 base to that high.
Myriad: Where does XRP go next? Click to make your prediction.The wider market isn't offering a lifeline. Bitcoin spiked to $85,600 on Wednesday after softer-than-expected PCE inflation data, then quickly gave it back. The 10-year Treasury yield closed at 5.29%, and the odds of an October Federal Reserve rate hike have fallen from 70% to below 50%, according to CME FedWatch.
Start with the ETF money. Grayscale launched its Zcash ETF, ticker ZCSH, on Aug. 25, and it had attracted $233 million in net inflows by mid-September.
Yesterday, the fund recorded a $30.25 million net outflow, leaving cumulative net inflows at almost $268 million. Its 3-for-1 share split also took effect that morning.
Zcash ETF flows. Image: SoSoValueThe Bitget hack is another thing to consider, especially when it comes to sentiment analysis. A group of hackers stole about $387 million from the exchange on Sept. 24, up from an initial $351.6 million estimate once transfers on the Zcash and Tron blockchains were counted. Bitget's CEO says the attack is consistent with North Korean hacker groups, but firm attribution is still pending.
This is bad news for a cryptocurrency wanting to cement a good reputation in Wall Street.
On Wednesday, blockchain investigator ZachXBT flagged 2,746 ZEC, about $3.9 million, moving from hack-linked addresses into Zcash's shielded pool, where senders, receivers and amounts are hidden.
The hack is not likely the trigger behind today's drop, and $3.9 million is relatively small, but it's not helping either.
What the chart saysOverall, Zcash is still strongly bullish, but its price movement over the last five days is pointing towards a steep correction.
The Relative Strength Index, or RSI, is a 0-to-100 gauge of buying and selling momentum. At 50.2, it's dead neutral, so ZEC is neither stretched nor washed out. Technically speaking, it is a relief after the previous overbought readings that it was registering during its rally.
Zcash (ZEC) price data. Image: TradingviewThe Average Directional Index, or ADX, reads 52.0. ADX measures how strong a trend is, not which way it points, and anything above 25 counts as a real trend. A 52 is very strong, but it mostly reflects the vertical run, and it lags, so it can stay elevated while price falls.
Exponential moving averages, or EMAs, track the average price while weighting recent days more heavily. The 50-day EMA is still above the 200-day, which keeps the trend structure bullish on paper.
If the slide continues, those lines will converge, which is usually how a trend change first shows up. That said, for that to occur, Zcash would need a sustained, rapid crash—which is unlikely to happen soon.
Rally over, or a dip to buy?A 21% drop after a 253% sprint isn't unusual. In June, ZEC dropped from $635 to an intraday low of $309 when a critical vulnerability in its shielded pool was disclosed. It then went on to climb past $1,600.
So the chart reads like a correction, not a collapse, at least for now. The trend indicators haven't flipped, but momentum has cooled and the ETF just posted a $30.25 million outflow.
A daily close below $1,233.00 would put the golden zone in play, while a reclaim of $1,410.72 would put the run back on track.
Disclaimer
The views and opinions expressed by the author are for informational purposes only and do not constitute financial, investment, or other advice.
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LayerZero za posledních 30 dní zpracoval asi 8,8 miliardy USD z celkových 9,5 miliardy USD napříč šesti sledovanými cross-chain protokoly, což je 93% podíl podle hodnoty.
@LayerZero_Core is tightening its grip on the cross-chain messaging market. Over the past 30 days, the protocol moved approximately $8.8 billion of the $9.5 billion in total volume recorded across the six messaging protocols tracked by blockchain data firm @AlliumLabs, giving it a 93% share by dollar value.
A Lopsided Race by Dollar Value Chainlink ranked second in the @AlliumLabs comparison with roughly 5% of volume, ahead of Socket, Wormhole, Hyperlane, and Axelar, which together account for the remainder.
The gap narrows considerably when shifting from dollars to message counts. @LayerZero_Core holds just over half of the weekly message total, a reminder that the protocol's dollar dominance is partly a function of the large-value transfers it attracts rather than raw transaction frequency alone.
The comparison also carries a notable exclusion. Issuer-run rails such as Circle's Cross-Chain Transfer Protocol, which moves $USDC natively between blockchains, are not included in the six-protocol dataset. , meaning the headline figures reflect third-party interoperability infrastructure rather than the full universe of cross-chain activity.
Context Behind the Numbers The dashboard provides a rare apples-to-apples comparison of protocols that often report their own metrics in incompatible formats.
That architecture has helped the protocol attract high-value DeFi flows while avoiding the large-pool exploits that have hit traditional bridge designs.
The data underscores how quickly @LayerZero_Core has consolidated volume since its v2 upgrade, even as competitors including Chainlink's CCIP and Wormhole continue to invest in their own interoperability stacks. Whether that lead holds will depend on how the market weighs message-count diversity against raw dollar throughput going forward.
Výbor pro politiku Hyperliquid vyzývá EU, aby on-chain perps zařadila pod MiFID II místo přijímání nových pravidel. Zároveň chce omezit duplicitní reporting dat, která už jsou veřejně dostupná na blockchainu.
The Hyperliquid Policy Committee has taken its lobbying show to Brussels. On October 1, 2026, the group filed its first formal submission with the European Commission, answering a consultation on how the Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) framework should evolve.
The pitch is refreshingly unglamorous. Don’t write new laws, the committee argues. Use the ones Europe already has.
What the committee actually asked for The centerpiece of the filing concerns on-chain perpetual contracts, better known as perps. These are derivatives that let traders bet on an asset’s price without an expiry date. The HPC wants them brought under MiFID II, the EU’s existing rulebook for financial instruments and trading venues.
Bolting perps onto MiFID II, rather than drafting fresh legislation, is the committee’s preferred route. It also suggests the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) issue guidance on how MiFID II should apply to these products.
Two principles anchor the argument: technology neutrality and economic substance. Put simply, regulators should judge a product by what it does, not by whether it runs on a blockchain or a bank server.
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That framing matters because of what the HPC wants to avoid. Europe already places restrictions on retail access to contracts for difference, or CFDs. These are leveraged products where a trader bets on price moves, typically with a market maker on the other side of the trade.
The committee says on-chain perps work differently. They run on a public central limit order book, where buyers and sellers are matched openly rather than trading against a dealer. Because of that structural gap, the HPC argues CFD-style retail curbs should not automatically carry over to on-chain perps.
The reporting argument The filing also targets paperwork. The HPC is pushing to cut duplicate reporting obligations for data that already lives on public blockchains.
Its logic is straightforward. Public chains are open and verifiable by design, so asking firms to separately report information anyone can already inspect looks redundant.
Why the timing matters The submission lands a few months after a key MiCA deadline. The framework’s transitional period ended on July 1, 2026.
That cutoff raised the possibility of regulatory gaps for on-chain derivatives. MiCA was built largely around crypto assets and service providers, and products like perps sit awkwardly between crypto rules and traditional securities law.
The HPC’s proposal is essentially a way to close that gap without waiting years for a new legislative process. MiFID II already exists, already has supervisors, and already covers derivatives. The committee is asking Brussels to stretch it rather than start over.
Who is the Hyperliquid Policy Committee The HPC was set up in February 2026 and is funded by the Hyperliquid Foundation. It serves as the policy arm of the Hyperliquid ecosystem, which centers on decentralized trading.
Until now, its advocacy work had focused on the United States. The European filing marks its first policy submission outside the US.
The funding structure is worth keeping in mind. A policy body backed by a trading ecosystem’s foundation is, unsurprisingly, arguing for rules that would make on-chain trading easier to offer in Europe.
Disclosure: This article was edited by John Chen. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
TRUMP memecoin spouští další soutěž pro držitele: 185 nejlepších peněženek získá místa na gala ve Washingtonu 22. listopadu 2026. Prvních 29 navíc čeká VIP recepce s Trumpem.
TRUMP memecoin’s organizers have launched another holder-access contest.
The top 185 wallets on a time-weighted leaderboard will secure seats at a November 22, 2026 gala dinner at Trump National in Washington, D.C. President Donald J. Trump is the listed featured speaker. Scoring opened September 30, locking on a November 12 snapshot.
Third Access Event Follows a Well-Worn Playbook This is the third time the project has tied token holdings to presidential access. The May 2025 dinner invited the top 220 holders to the same Trump National venue.
Non-U.S. wallets overwhelmingly dominated that guest list, with 19 of the top 25 addresses linked to international exchanges, drawing swift congressional criticism over foreign capital exposure.
Fight Fight Fight LLC, the Solana-based firm behind the token, is running the contest. The top 29 holders on the leaderboard also earn a VIP reception with Trump.
The top 4 VIP slots come with an 18K gold Trump watch, provided holders maintain their ranking through the snapshot date.
All attendees receive in-person gifts: a TRUMP fragrance, a commemorative poster, a trading card, and a Fight Fight Fight watch. Nothing ships.
The event page rules out private presidential meetings. Separate registration is required, even for existing Coin Club members. Dropping below snapshot rank forfeits VIP bonuses.
April 2026 brought a larger Mar-a-Lago conference for roughly 297 top holders. Cardone Capital’s Grant Cardone was among the speakers at that event.
Both earlier gatherings triggered short-term volume spikes followed by selling.
The November contest is smaller at 185 seats. It again uses time-weighted scoring, which rewards sustained holding over last-minute buys, the same mechanics as before.
Token Down 97%, Losses Pile Up as Insider Supply Stays Large TRUMP memecoin launched days before the January 2025 inauguration and peaked near $73–$75. It trades around $2.04 on October 1, 2026, roughly 97% below that high.
The drawdown has hit retail hard. Close to a million wallets have recorded combined losses of $3.81 billion, while Trump-linked entities reportedly received around $636 million tied to the token.
Insiders still control roughly 80% of supply. In July 2026, Trump’s team moved approximately $16.9 million in TRUMP tokens to Fireblocks custody as Senate voting on the CLARITY Act neared.
Separately, an unauthorized token using the Trump brand dumped 82% of its supply, a reminder that the Official TRUMP memecoin on Solana is distinct from copycat tokens.
World Liberty Financial spustila program stakingu WLFI a do odměnového fondu vložila 1,25 milionu USD1 na 180 dní. Pro získání odměn musí držitelé uzamknout odemčené WLFI na alespoň 180 dní a hlasovat v rámci governance alespoň jednou za 90 dní.
World Liberty Financial switched on WLFI staking on Oct. 1. The project is seeding the program with an initial rewards pool of $1.25 million in USD1, its own stablecoin, to be paid out over 180 days.
The company announced the launch with a short message: “You voted. It’s live.” That framing is deliberate. The program came out of a governance vote, and it rewards more governance voting.
How the WLFI staking program works The first rewards deposit was scheduled for Oct. 2, between 8 and 9 a.m. ET. From there, the USD1 pool is set to be distributed across a 180-day window.
To qualify, holders must open a staking position using unlocked WLFI tokens and commit it for at least 180 days.
Stakers must cast direct governance votes at least once every 90 days to stay eligible for rewards.
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The minimum stake is 0.01 WLFI, and each wallet can hold only one staking position.
There is no fixed annual percentage rate. Rewards are variable and depend on factors including the size of the pool, the total amount of WLFI staked, and whether a staker meets the voting requirements.
The program runs on Ethereum and applies only to unlocked tokens. Locked tokens held by early supporters keep their voting rights without needing to be staked.
Where the money comes from Funding for the rewards pool is drawn from the WLFI treasury, fees from protocol-owned liquidity, and revenue from World Liberty Markets. The project has also flagged possible periodic top-ups.
USD1 is backed by short-term Treasuries and cash equivalents. Its circulation has expanded significantly, and using it as the reward currency gives the stablecoin another built-in use case inside the World Liberty ecosystem.
From proposal to launch The staking program traces back to a governance proposal published on Sept. 14. It laid out what the project called a “Governance Engagement Incentive Program.”
The proposal drew strong community support and was approved by late September.
Earlier governance changes introduced staking requirements tied to voting power, along with a tiered Node structure for larger stakers.
What this means for WLFI holders and USD1 A 180-day lock removes staked tokens from active circulation for half a year, which can reduce the supply available to trade.
The 90-day voting rule tackles a long-running problem in crypto governance: voter apathy. Tying rewards to participation is a blunt but direct fix.
Early supporters with locked tokens can still vote without staking, but they cannot tap the rewards pool through those locked holdings.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Kaye Quema. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Bitcoin O.G. Peter Todd has joined the MARA Foundation as lead maintainer of Slipstream, the miner’s private Bitcoin mempool service.
Announced by the foundation on Thursday, the new role will see Todd responsible for developing and running the service.
Slipstream lets users send bitcoin transactions straight to MARA Pool, the company’s mining pool, without going through Bitcoin’s public peer-to-peer network. It was useful after hackers exploited Coldcard hardware wallets in July, stealing over $115 million in user funds.
Because transactions sent through Slipstream stay private until they’re confirmed in a block, the service helps to keep key information hidden before confirmation — protecting exposure of their public keys.
“I most look forward to seeing what’s possible on Bitcoin — using Slipstream as a proving ground for experimental development and protocol innovation,” Todd said.
Todd added: “Working with Slipstream is a natural complement to my work on Libre Relay, and my mempool policy work more broadly. I’ve always believed that Bitcoin is better when we design protocols with economic demand in mind. This is also a good opportunity to build bridges between Bitcoin Core developers and miners.”
MARA’s Slipstream first drew attention in 2024 for publishing large Ordinals inscriptions. More recently it has been used for research projects like Quantum Safe Bitcoin and Binohash, a way to emulate covenants without a soft fork.
Todd is a longtime Bitcoin Core contributor, who co-authored BIP 125 (replace-by-fee), created OpenTimestamps, and in 2024 launched Libre Relay, a Bitcoin Core fork with looser relay rules for non-standard transactions.
He argues that mempool policy should follow what the market wants miners to mine, rather than restrict how people use Bitcoin.
Mathew Di Salvo
Mathew is a reporter who's covered the space since 2019, reporting on everything from Salvadoran president Nayib Bukele's Bitcoin bet to crypto exchange FTX's bankruptcy.
SEC navrhla nová pravidla pro úschovu kryptoměn u poradců a fondů. Umožnila by jim držet klientská kryptoaktiva jen tehdy, když není k dispozici schválený správce.
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission has proposed new rules to update how investment advisers and regulated funds hold assets, with a big focus on crypto.
In a statement Thursday, the Wall Street watchdog said it would allow advisers and funds acting through their advisers, to hold client crypto themselves, but only if no permitted custodian is available.
Regulators are pushing ahead with rulemaking for the digital asset space despite lawmakers blocking the Clarity Act last month.
JUST IN: 🇺🇸 SEC Chairman Paul Atkins releases a statement to address the custody of crypto assets. 👀
"Since the advent of Bitcoin in 2008, the crypto asset market has grown from a niche curiosity into a multi-trillion-dollar asset class" 🚀 pic.twitter.com/SbLR2HAeW1
— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) October 1, 2026 The long-awaited legislation — a framework for distinguishing between digital assets that are securities, commodities or payment stablecoins — didn’t get the votes needed to advance.
“Since the advent of Bitcoin in 2008, the crypto asset market has grown from a niche curiosity into a multi-trillion-dollar asset class to which investors actively seek exposure. Unfortunately, our rules and regulations have not kept pace,” SEC Chairman Paul S. Atkins said in a statement.
“To that end, today’s proposal would provide a clear regulatory framework for the custody of crypto assets, giving investment advisers and funds a compliant pathway where none existed before — and replacing the grey of uncertainty created by custody rules crafted for a bygone era.”
The regulator said in its proposed rules that records kept on a blockchain could count toward compliance, subject to conditions.
It added that it would allow use of state trust companies as custodians for client and regulated fund crypto assets, subject to conditions.
Lawmakers blocked the Clarity Act in a procedural vote last month. Regulators had said before the vote that regardless of whether the landmark legislation passed, they’d still start regulating the crypto industry.
The SEC before the vote sent a proposal to the White House aiming to “clarify the framework for the custody of crypto assets” for investment advisers and companies.
Pro-crypto Atkins said he would still work to make the U.S. the “crypto capital of the world” regardless of the landmark legislation getting through.
Mathew Di Salvo
Mathew is a reporter who's covered the space since 2019, reporting on everything from Salvadoran president Nayib Bukele's Bitcoin bet to crypto exchange FTX's bankruptcy.
Greywick Digital a Litecoin Foundation podepsaly dohodu o přivedení cLTC, verze LTC pro Canton Network, s cílem produkčního nasazení do konce roku 2026. Projekt má otevřít Litecoin institucionální finanční infrastruktuře.
Greywick Digital (@Greywickdigital) and the Litecoin Foundation (@LTCFoundation) have signed a Memorandum of Understanding to bring $cLTC, a Canton-native version of $LTC, to the @CantonNetwork. The agreement targets a live deployment before the end of 2026, opening one of crypto's oldest proof-of-work networks to institutional-grade finance infrastructure.
What cLTC Is and How It Will Work
Each cLTC token will operate under on-chain reserve validation, continuous attestations, and built-in compliance mechanisms, preserving the auditability that institutional participants require. The structure is designed to link $LTC's more than 15 years of network history to Canton's regulated multi-party settlement environment.
Why Canton Matters for Institutions
That puts $LTC liquidity into an environment where,
The move reflects a broader trend of connecting established crypto assets to regulated financial rails. Canton's privacy-first design means counterparties see only the transaction data relevant to them, a feature that has helped attract Tier-1 institutions that are cautious about exposing proprietary flow on fully public ledgers. For Litecoin, the partnership represents a concrete institutional use case at a moment when many legacy crypto assets are searching for fresh relevance beyond retail trading.
Sources:
TechBullion: Greywick Digital to Deploy cLTC on Canton Network
Canton Network: DTCC and Digital Asset Partner to Tokenize US Treasury Securities
RLUSD dosáhl zhruba 2,4 mld. USD tržní kapitalizace a za měsíc vzrostl o více než 50 %. Ripple ale uvádí, že to samo o sobě nezaručuje vyšší poptávku po XRP.
The XRP Ripple RLUSD stablecoin has reached roughly $2.4Bn in market capitalization, with stablecoins gaining another source of dollar liquidity for digital-asset markets.
In a September 30 update, Ripple senior vice president of stablecoins Jack McDonald said RLUSD had grown more than 50% in a month and that average daily activity had more than tripled since the start of the year.
The $RLUSD monthly independent attestation for August is now live! And your quick rundown of the latest…
1/ $RLUSD continues to climb, reaching ~$2.4B in market cap, up more than 50% in a month. What’s more exciting… average daily activity has more than tripled since the start…
— Jack McDonald (@_JackMcDonald_) September 30, 2026
Ripple’s transparency dashboard listed $2.409Bn in circulating tokens against $2.5315Bn in reserve funds as of September 24. The figures show the scale of the dollar-linked token, but its expanding supply does not by itself establish higher demand for XRP or a higher XRP price.
RLUSD’s growth also comes with distribution across the Ethereum network and the XRP Ledger (XRPL), Ripple’s public network for transferring assets. The expansion may add liquidity and more settlement activity across those networks, while the investment case for XRP remains distinct from the stablecoin’s dollar-pegged function.
What do the RLUSD Reserve Figures Show?
(RWA.xyz)
The September 24 dashboard snapshot records circulating RLUSD and reserve funds at different amounts, with reserves about $122.5M above circulation. That comparison is specific to that date; it should not be merged with the separate August attestation, which covers earlier snapshots.
For August 31, the independent attestation recorded 2,325,969,308 outstanding tokens and reserve assets valued at $2,446,312,864, roughly $120.3M above the token amount. The examination, dated September 29, covered August 17 and August 31. Ripple’s transparency dashboard publishes monthly reserve reports, giving readers dated figures rather than a single undifferentiated balance.
RLUSD is designed to track the U.S. dollar. Reserve backing and redemption mechanisms help support that target: in practical terms, reserves provide assets intended to support tokens in circulation and their exchange for dollars.
What Does the Growth of RLUSD Mean for XRP Ripple? Ripple issues RLUSD through its subsidiary, Standard Custody & Trust Company, regulated by the New York State Department of Financial Services. RLUSD’s backing is separate from the issuer’s property, protecting the assets supporting the tokens.
As of September, RLUSD had a market cap of approximately $2.4Bn, with around $1.37Bn on Ethereum and $1.05Bn on the XRP Ledger. This expansion lets businesses use digital dollars for invoicing and settlements without relying on unstable cryptocurrencies.
In its first week on Spark’s Stablecoin FX Layer on Uniswap v4, RLUSD/USDS processed over $600M. The updated XRP Ledger AI Starter Kit allows AI agents to make one-time payments using XRP or RLUSD. While this boosts liquidity and usage, it doesn’t guarantee increased demand or value for XRP, as RLUSD is designed to maintain a dollar value, distinct from XRP’s fluctuating market price.
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The co-authors of EIP-8363, a proposal to burn a rising share of Ethereum validator rewards as more Ethereum (ETH) is staked, have withdrawn it from consideration for the network's Hegota upgrade.
"Withdrawing EIP-8363 from consideration for Hegotá," co-author Jérôme de Tychey, president of Ethereum France, wrote in an X post on Thursday morning.
De Tychey said several industry participants, as well as core protocol and client contributors, argued during Hegotá's Consideration for Inclusion (CFI) process that "a fork scoping exercise was not the right venue to settle an issuance policy change."
"We agree and we'd rather acknowledge this now than carry on towards Hegotà in this context," he wrote, noting that the proposal had become "one of the most commented-on EIPs in the history of the Ethereum-Magicians forum."
The authors committed to a separate process for determining questions of Ethereum's issuance policy. De Tychey thanked liquid staking protocol Lido for offering to help steer it.
A separate, dedicated process De Tychey grouped the objections raised since August into five categories: security, industry impact, the design of the burn curve, the makeup of the validator set and the effect on solo stakers.
To determine how to proceed with tackling the issues, de Tychey attached a timeline for what he called a "multi-node process." It starts with an issuance forum at Devcon in November, following a first roundtable at EthCC 2026.
Workshops would follow after Devcon and in February and March, with a tentative forum at a Columbia University cryptoeconomics workshop in January.
The schedule ends with a forum at EthCC in April, where the authors aim to engage core developers and reach CFI or Scheduled for Inclusion (SFI) status for a proposal.
De Tychey said the authors stand by the proposal's motivation. He quoted the EIP's view that a very high staking ratio threatens "Ethereum's security, neutrality and resistance to capture" as well as "ETH's role as money."
The proposal Researchers including the Ethereum Foundation's Justin Drake, Pintail, de Tychey, dapplion, pa7x1 and Ladislaus von Daniels proposed the "Tapered Issuance Burn" on Aug. 4, days before Hegota's deadline for non-headliner EIPs.
Under the EIP, the share of rewards burned would climb with the total level of staked ETH and would reach 100% at about 60.25 million ETH, or roughly half of the supply. The change would phase in over about 18 months.
About 34% of ETH supply was staked in mid-August, The Block reported at the time. At that level, annual consensus yield would fall from about 2.6% to 1.2% under the proposal.
Industry reaction SharpLink CEO Joseph Chalom formally opposed the proposal in August, saying it would "undermine DeFi." Aave founder Stani Kulechov called it "hurtful for Ethereum" at the time.
On Thursday, Kulechov quote-posted de Tychey's announcement of the withdrawal, saying "Great move."
Developers are still scoping Hegota, an upcoming Ethereum hard fork, which will follow the next update, Glamsterdam. On Sunday, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin outlined his vision for the future of Ethereum in a blog post, and said Hegota "is likely to be Ethereum's last 'normal' fork, with features and technology that would be recognizable to someone in 2015."
"Everything after that involves recursive STARKs, automated formal verification, highly optimized consensus algorithms, and making it all quantum-safe," Buterin wrote.
Ethereum po upgradu Glamsterdam cílí na limit 200 milionů gas na blok, což by více než ztrojnásobilo současných zhruba 60 milionů. Test na Sepolii je naplánován na 6. října 2026.
Ethereum is preparing a new massive increase in its capacity. Crypto network developers now consider a limit of 200 million gas per block a credible goal after Glamsterdam. The mainnet currently operates around 60 million. If this step is passed, Ethereum could therefore more than triple the available space to execute transactions and smart contracts.
In brief Ethereum aims for a 200 million gas limit after Glamsterdam. The network currently operates around 60 million. Glamsterdam is to be tested on Sepolia on October 6, 2026. Ethereum has already greatly increased its capacity in less than a year. The gas limit rose from 45 to 60 million at the end of 2025, a change already supported by more than 500,000 validators.
The next goal is much more ambitious. At a developers meetup in Svalbard, Ethereum teams considered that a floor of 200 million gas after Glamsterdam became technically credible. This level mainly results from three projects: ePBS, Block-Level Access Lists, and a new pricing for certain operations with EIP-8037.
Gas measures the amount of computation that an Ethereum block can accept. A higher limit thus allows more operations to be placed in each block.
60 million today. 200 million targeted next. However, the increase will not be automatically activated right at Glamsterdam. Validators will have to gradually adopt a higher limit, provided clients and infrastructure follow without degrading network stability. The Sepolia testnet will be an important first trial on October 6.
More capacity without letting data explode Tripling the gas limit looks simple on paper. The problem comes from what transactions leave behind. Every account, smart contract, and data stored permanently increases Ethereum’s state. Allowing much more execution without changing the costs of certain operations could accelerate this growth and make nodes heavier to operate.
Glamsterdam therefore must modify the gas price. EIP-8037 notably raises the cost of certain operations that create or use state. The goal is to charge more for the most costly activities for the network, while freeing capacity elsewhere.
Ethereum is also preparing the Block-Level Access Lists. They indicate in advance the accounts and storage locations that a block uses, which should facilitate parallel processing of some data.
The crypto network has long sought to increase its throughput without simply inflating blocks. Ethereum’s average fees have already dropped more than 85% this year, with an ETH transfer falling around 0.095 dollars in September. A 200 million limit would give even more space. Provided demand does not immediately fill this new capacity.
Glamsterdam now goes through Sepolia Before the 200 million, Ethereum must make Glamsterdam work properly. The upgrade combines several major changes. ePBS integrates the separation between block builders and proposers directly into the protocol. Block-Level Access Lists prepare more parallelization. The new gas rules must better reflect the real cost of operations.
Deployment on Sepolia is scheduled for October 6 at 13:53 UTC. Prysm and Teku clients still offer a default 60 million limit but already allow testnet validators to explicitly configure 200 million.
The mainnet will have to wait. Ethereum has not yet announced a definitive date for Glamsterdam activation on the main network. Developers are still testing before this deployment. The 200 million goal therefore remains a technical target, not a capacity already available. Nonetheless, Ethereum has come a long way since the 30 million gas that long constituted its standard. The network is now at 60 million and is already preparing the next step. For the crypto layer 1, the scale change is starting to get serious.
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Fascinated by Bitcoin since 2017, Evariste has continuously researched the subject. While his initial interest was in trading, he now actively seeks to understand all advances centered on cryptocurrencies. As an editor, he strives to consistently deliver high-quality work that reflects the state of the sector as a whole.
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The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed in this article belong solely to the author, and should not be taken as investment advice. Do your own research before taking any investment decisions.
Ethereum Foundation a Open Anonymity Project spustily 1. října 2026 zkAPI na mainnetu Ethereum, které umožňuje platit za přístup k API bez vazby na identitu. Systém používá kryptografický důkaz k anonymní autorizaci plateb.
The Ethereum Foundation and the Open Anonymity Project have launched zkAPI, a system on Ethereum mainnet that lets people pay for API access without leaving a trail back to who they are.
The launch went live on October 1, 2026. The setup centers on a smart contract vault deployed on Ethereum mainnet.
Users deposit ETH or USDC into that vault. Those deposits become credits, and the vault contract holds them as USDC credits.
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When a user wants to call an API, such as an AI model, they generate a cryptographic proof authorizing the payment. The service gets paid, and the user gets their response. The authorization is designed to be unlinkable to any specific deposit or identity.
Under the hood, zkAPI relies on three cryptographic building blocks:
Groth16 proofs: a type of zero-knowledge proof that lets someone prove a statement is true without revealing the underlying data. Baby-JubJub commitments: a way of locking in a value, like a deposit, so it can be referenced later without being exposed. A 32-level Merkle tree: a data structure that bundles many commitments into a single fingerprint, which a user can prove membership in without pointing to their specific entry. User funds sit in contracts controlled on Ethereum itself, not on a company server. That means users can withdraw their funds independently, without relying on any server to cooperate.
The proposal traces back to a February 11, 2026 research post by Vitalik Buterin and Davide Crapis. That puts the timeline from idea to mainnet deployment at under eight months.
The Open Anonymity Project, the Ethereum Foundation’s partner on the launch, had secured over $100,000 in grants from the Ethereum Foundation and the Human Rights Foundation as of May 2026.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Estefano Gomez. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Cover image via depositphotos.com Disclaimer: The opinions expressed by our writers are their own and do not represent the views of U.Today. The financial and market information provided on U.Today is intended for informational purposes only. U.Today is not liable for any financial losses incurred while trading cryptocurrencies. Conduct your own research by contacting financial experts before making any investment decisions. We believe that all content is accurate as of the date of publication, but certain offers mentioned may no longer be available.
Dogecoin continues to strengthen its position in the U.S. market: trading in fully regulated perpetual DOGE futures has officially begun in the United States by Kalshi, giving retail investors access to legal "perpetual" contracts on the meme token within a CFTC-regulated jurisdiction.
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Until now, local traders had to choose between fixed-term futures on Coinbase and Robinhood or move to offshore platforms. The listing under the Kalshi brand changes that picture.
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How the math works for the new Dogecoin contractsInstead of large lots, the exchange has introduced a fractional format: one contract equals just 10 DOGE. Leverage is kept within strict regulatory limits, with a maximum of 3.8x for long positions and 2.8x for short positions, ruling out the aggressive 50x or 100x leverage common on offshore exchanges. Quotes are tied to CF Benchmarks' DOGEUSD_RTI spot index, settlements run around the clock, and the funding rate is recalculated every eight hours.
The first hours of trading have already shown a close contest: with daily volume of about $952,100 and open interest of $553,300, positions are slightly skewed toward bears, at 54% versus 46% for bulls.
Live Dogecoin order data showcasing 24h volume and open interest metrics, Source: KalshiThe main economic benefit of onshore perpetuals for Americans is tax treatment. The contracts fall under Section 1256 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, which applies the 60/40 rule to profits: 60% of income is taxed at the lower long-term capital gains rate, while 40% is taxed at the short-term rate, regardless of how many minutes a trader held the position.
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Among the additional terms, Kalshi pays 3.25% annual interest on uninvested dollar margin balances starting at $250 and supports standard protective orders. However, accounts are not insured by the FDIC or SIPC.
For Kalshi, which built its name on prediction markets, expansion into crypto continues a shift in its business model. The platform is aggressively growing this segment after its summer debut in the perpetual futures market generated more than $5.5 billion in cumulative trading volume.
The DOGE launch coincided with an internal restructuring: starting October 13, 2026, the platform closed its VIP volume-based rewards program amid regulatory pressure over large transactions. Even so, the company plans to scale this initiative and is already preparing applications for similar futures on metals and the US500 stock index.
Ondo Finance rozšířila Intelligent Portfolios o čtyři nové programovatelné indexové tokeny na sítích Ethereum a BNB Chain. Nabízejí tematické strategie včetně AI a výnosových tokenů s cílem výnosu 5 % a 8 %.
@Ondo Finance has expanded its Intelligent Portfolios lineup by releasing four new programmatic index tokens simultaneously on the @Ethereum and @BNBChain networks, broadening a product suite that first launched with three BlackRock-powered strategies in late September 2026.
Four New Tokens, Four Distinct Strategies The newly added tokens each target a specific investment theme. $MAG7Xon blends mega-cap technology stock exposure with crypto holdings, while $BRAINon focuses on high-growth artificial intelligence companies. The two fixed income tokens, $YLD5on and $YLD8on, are designed to generate returns of 5% and 8% respectively, giving yield-focused investors an onchain alternative to traditional fixed income instruments.
Like the rest of the Intelligent Portfolios range, the new tokens are structured as single transferable onchain instruments. Rebalancing executes automatically at the smart contract level, and the portfolios are fully programmable and composable with the broader onchain economy. Constituents, weights, and every rebalance are visible onchain, and the tokens are freely transferable peer-to-peer across wallets, exchanges, and DeFi protocols.
Building on the BlackRock Partnership The expansion follows the initial Intelligent Portfolios launch on September 24, 2026, when Ondo introduced three tokens built around strategies developed by BlackRock. The portfolio tokens are based on strategies powered by BlackRock, developed by BlackRock for Ondo, marking the first time eligible onchain investors could access exposure to such strategies through a single token. Diversified, professionally constructed portfolios have historically required brokerage accounts and traditional fund structures, but by incorporating BlackRock's portfolio construction experience into tokenized structures, eligible investors in supported jurisdictions can now obtain that exposure through a single token.
The launch builds on BlackRock's foray into tokenization, having previously launched its BUIDL tokenized money market fund with Securitize in March 2024. Ondo subsequently moved $95 million of OUSG assets into BUIDL. The addition of four further tokens deepens that relationship and signals that Ondo intends to build out a comprehensive onchain portfolio offering across multiple asset classes and risk profiles.
Ondo Stocks had already reached $1 billion in total value locked within eight months , underscoring the appetite for tokenized real-world assets among eligible non-US investors. The new Ethereum and BNB Chain deployments position Ondo to capture demand from two of the largest smart contract ecosystems simultaneously.
Sources:
Ondo Finance Official Press Release via PR Newswire
The Block: Ondo launches onchain portfolio tokens based on BlackRock-developed strategies
Morningstar: Ondo Launches Intelligent Portfolios, Powered by BlackRock
Phantom přidal nativní podporu BNB Chain a uživatelé mohou v aplikaci přímo obchodovat, včetně swapů tokenů a perpetual kontraktů přes Hyperliquid. BNB Chain tak získává nový distribuční kanál k uživatelům Phantomu.
BNB Chain is now live on Phantom, and users can trade on it directly inside the app.
The integration was announced on October 1, 2026. It gives Phantom users native access to BNB Chain, the network also known as BSC. They can check balances, send and receive tokens, and trade without leaving the app.
Users need to update Phantom to the latest version before the new features show up.
What Phantom actually shipped Before this update, BNB Chain was on Phantom’s unsupported list. Users holding BSC assets were pointed toward EVM-compatible wallets like MetaMask to manage or recover them.
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The new release goes further than basic storage. Phantom’s in-app trading for BNB Chain includes token swaps, plus perpetual contracts powered by Hyperliquid.
Phantom is keeping its non-custodial setup intact. Users hold their own keys, which means the company never takes control of the funds sitting in the wallet.
A little social media theater first Ahead of the official announcement, Phantom and Binance CEO Changpeng Zhao, better known as CZ, traded posts on social media that built anticipation for the feature.
BNB is the native gas token of BNB Smart Chain, so anyone using apps or services on the network needs it to pay transaction fees.
Phantom’s multi-chain march continues BNB Chain now joins a lineup that includes Solana, Ethereum, and Polygon, among other networks. The company also added Robinhood Chain in July 2026, so this is the latest step in a pattern rather than a one-off pivot.
BNB Chain sits firmly in the EVM-compatible camp, alongside networks like Ethereum and Polygon. Solana runs on a different architecture entirely, which has historically meant separate tooling for each world.
What this means for traders and the wallet race The most immediate impact falls on BNB Chain users who were already using Phantom for Solana. They no longer need MetaMask or another EVM wallet sitting on the side just to touch their BSC holdings.
The Hyperliquid piece deserves particular attention. Offering perps inside a mainstream wallet puts leveraged trading closer to everyday users, which broadens access but also raises the stakes for anyone who wanders in without understanding liquidation risk.
For BNB Chain, the integration opens a new distribution channel. Phantom’s user base, much of it rooted in Solana, now has a frictionless path into BSC applications that previously required extra setup.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Kaye Quema. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Chainlink na Swift Hackathonu ukázal řešení, které automatizuje výplaty dividend pro tokenizované akcie napříč čtyřmi blockchainy. Projekt se dostal do finále.
Chainlink has built a system that automates dividend payments for tokenized equities across four blockchains, and it showcased the work at the Swift Hackathon.
The project focuses on corporate actions, the umbrella term for events a company initiates that change something for its shareholders. Dividends are the most familiar example. Stock splits and mergers are others.
In traditional markets, these events flow through a chain of custodians, transfer agents and data vendors. Each one reads the announcement, interprets it and passes it along. Errors creep in at every handoff.
Chainlink’s solution takes one piece of that process, dividend payments, and automates it across four separate blockchains. That multi-chain angle matters. Tokenized assets do not live on one network. If an issuer puts the same equity token on several chains, every holder needs to get paid correctly, no matter where their token sits.
Chainlink’s tokenized equity data feeds already handle part of this puzzle. The feeds adjust for events like dividends and mergers so that tokenized versions of traditional assets carry accurate prices. They rely on a mechanism called a uiMultiplier for dividend adjustments, which affects how the token is priced after a payout.
A track record at Swift’s hackathons This is not Chainlink’s first appearance at Swift’s competition. The oracle network won the 2025 Swift Hackathon Business Challenge, announced on October 2, 2025, from a record field of 104 participants.
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That winning entry tackled a different problem: compliant cross-border and cross-chain settlement of digital assets, with a particular focus on tokenized funds. It combined Chainlink’s Automated Compliance Engine (ACE) and its Runtime Environment (CRE) with GLEIF’s verifiable Legal Entity Identifier framework, known as vLEI, plus Swift messaging.
The goal was to streamline identity verification, sanctions screening and KYC checks. The system enforced policies on-chain while fiat processing happened off-chain. According to the research findings, it cut compliance onboarding times from days to minutes.
Chainlink Labs also placed runner-up in the 2026 Swift Hackathon Business Challenge.
The 2025 architecture was also designed to stretch. It can be applied to tokenized deposits, stablecoins, central bank digital currencies and digital securities, not just funds.
The $58 billion headache The dividend automation fits into a larger Chainlink effort aimed at corporate actions processing as a whole. That initiative announced results on September 29, 2025.
It involved 24 institutions, including Swift, DTCC, Euroclear and UBS. The problem they targeted is estimated to cost the industry around $58 billion annually. That is the price tag on manual processing, reconciliation and mistakes in how corporate action data gets handled.
The initiative used AI alongside blockchain technology to reach nearly complete data consensus.
Chainlink’s relationship with Swift goes back to at least 2016. Over that time, the collaboration has expanded to support tokenized fund workflows.
What this means for tokenization Every dividend, split or merger is a moment where a tokenized stock can drift away from its underlying asset. Automating dividends across multiple chains addresses one of the most frequent of those moments.
There are caveats worth keeping in mind. Hackathon projects are demonstrations, not production systems handling live capital at scale.
The thing to watch is whether any of the 24 institutions in the corporate actions initiative, or others in Swift’s orbit, move these tools from demonstration into live workflows.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Kaye Quema. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Sergey Nazarov uvedl, že díky novému SEC’s Innovation Exemption výrazně poroste tokenizace akcií a obchodování s tokenizovanými americkými akciemi na blockchainu.
Sergey Nazarov thinks the stock market is about to move onchain, and he picked a fitting room to say it: a panel at the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
Speaking on September 25, 2026, the Chainlink co-founder predicted that the amount of tokenized equity will greatly increase as onchain markets grow. His argument rests on a fresh regulatory development: the SEC’s Innovation Exemption, a framework approved just before his remarks.
What the Innovation Exemption does The Innovation Exemption is a five-year framework that allows onchain trading of tokenized US equities.
A tokenized equity is a share of stock represented as a token on a blockchain. Instead of living only in a brokerage’s internal ledger, ownership is recorded on a shared digital network that can, in theory, settle trades in real time.
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According to Nazarov, the exemption is expected to catalyze a significant shift toward onchain trading. He framed the result as a more formal, real-time and efficient market infrastructure.
Nazarov also emphasized that the US equities market accounts for the majority of the global financial system’s equity value and flow, and said that market needs this technological transition to keep its leadership position worldwide.
A message delivered on repeat The Philadelphia Fed panel was not a one-off. Nazarov has been carrying a similar argument across several high-profile venues in recent months.
At an August 2026 roundtable connected to the CFTC, including his involvement with the agency’s Innovation Advisory Committee, he projected that tokenizing equities could create significant value onchain.
At Sibos 2026, the annual banking and payments conference, he discussed how tokenization systems could support AI agents participating in trading processes.
Across these appearances, Nazarov has outlined three core benefits he attributes to tokenization:
Improved liquidity, meaning assets can be bought and sold more easily Lower compliance costs, since rules can be built into the infrastructure itself Around-the-clock trading, removing the traditional market-hours constraint Where Chainlink fits in Chainlink builds infrastructure that tokenized markets would rely on. The company has implemented two key products for tokenized equity use cases. The first is Data Feeds, which supply external information like prices to blockchains. The second is the Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol, or CCIP, which lets different blockchains communicate and move assets between each other.
Chainlink has applied these tools to processes like corporate actions and settlement operations. Corporate actions cover events such as dividend payments or stock splits. According to the research summary, these tools are already helping pave the way for institutional adoption by streamlining those back-office processes.
Disclosure: This article was edited by John Chen. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Circle vyzvala EU ke změně pravidel MiCA, protože podle ní splňují požadavky jen 3 z 30 největších stablecoinů. Firma chce také mírnější pravidla pro rezervy a zachování multi-issuance.
Circle has called on EU policymakers to adjust certain provisions in MiCA, noting that the majority of the largest global stablecoins are not included. According to Patrick Hansen, EU strategy and policy director at Circle, only three of the world’s top 30 stablecoins are MiCA-compliant.
Circle Pushes for Wider Stablecoin Recognition According to Circle, MiCA has already established a significant regulated stablecoin ecosystem, featuring approximately 30 e-money tokens approved in Europe. However, the company believes the framework still captures only a small share of the largest global stablecoins.
Hansen said “only 3 of the top 30 are MiCA-compliant today,” referring to USDC, USDG, and EURC. Circle’s accompanying policy post used a top-25 comparison, but it identified the same three regulated stablecoins.
Circle has thus requested the EU to maintain multi-issuance, which would enable a MiCA-licensed entity to issue a token alongside an affiliate in a different jurisdiction. The company stated that limiting that model could shift the European stablecoin market to the offshore market.
Circle Calls for Changes to MiCA Reserve Rules Circle also sought regulators to review MiCA requirements for e-money token issuers regarding reserves. The rules require at least 30% of reserves in commercial bank deposits, rising to 60% for significant issuers.
The company has agreed with the European Central Bank that those thresholds are too strict and may lead to higher risk of banking counterparty exposure. Circle, on the other hand, suggested a liquidity-based rule that takes into account the quality and availability of reserve assets.
This comes on the heels of Circle’s euro-backed stablecoin, which is expanding under MiCA. As we reported, use of EURC grew in payments and settlement, and supply has more than doubled year over year to approximately €400 million. Recently, Revolut has also introduced EURR as a further euro stablecoin in Europe’s regulated market.
Hyperliquid Also Seeks Changes During MiCA Review Circle’s submission coincided with other cryptocurrency firms reacting to the European Commission’s MiCA consultation. The Hyperliquid Policy Committee concentrated its submission on the treatment of perpetual futures.
The committee recommended that perpetual futures continue to be subject to MiFID II as they are derivatives regardless of how trades are recorded. It also opposed applying bilateral CFD restrictions to transparent central limit order books.
Hyperliquid also urged regulators to acknowledge public blockchain data on its reporting obligations when data is already accessible on the chain. Circle, on the other hand, suggested an alternative approach that would extend over a longer period of time and empower recognized foreign stablecoin issuers to function through locally licensed European institutions.
DeFi Saver uvedl, že jeho automatizace ochránila během výprodeje na Aave V3 kolaterál za 446,3 milionu USD a žádná chráněná pozice nebyla zlikvidována. Platforma odhaduje, že uživatelé ušetřili asi 8,38 milionu USD na poplatcích za likvidaci.
When crypto markets drop hard, leveraged borrowers on lending protocols tend to get a rude awakening. Their collateral shrinks, their loans don’t, and liquidators show up to collect a fee.
DeFi Saver says its users mostly skipped that part. In a case study released on July 23, 2026, the non-custodial DeFi management platform reported that its automation tools defended $446.3 million in collateral on Aave V3 during a sharp market selloff earlier in the year, without a single protected position being liquidated.
What the numbers show The stress test ran from January 25 to February 9, 2026. Over those roughly two weeks, DeFi Saver executed 382 automated repay actions on Aave V3 across several networks.
Of those, 365 were classified as emergency interventions. These targeted positions whose safety ratios had slid to around 150%, a zone where a further price drop could tip them into liquidation.
On Aave, you deposit crypto as collateral and borrow against it. If your collateral’s value falls too far relative to your debt, outside parties can liquidate the position and pocket a penalty for their trouble. In conventional Aave liquidations, third-party liquidators can repay up to 50% of the debt, acquiring collateral along with a penalty fee that can be as high as approximately 5%.
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According to the platform, the protected positions carried $335 million in debt against that $446.3 million in collateral. DeFi Saver estimates its users avoided approximately $8.38 million in third-party liquidation penalties during the selloff.
The headline stat is the success rate: 100%. No position under its protection was liquidated during the downturn, the company reports.
One whale’s math The case study also highlights a single Mainnet position carrying $7.16 million in debt. That borrower paid just $5.9k in automation fees during the period.
The estimated liquidation penalty that position would otherwise have faced was $179k. That works out to savings of about $173k, which DeFi Saver frames as a 97% reduction in costs.
New tools and a longer track record On August 10, 2026, DeFi Saver launched a streamlined Liquidation Protection automation feature with protocol-specific triggers. For Aave V3, that trigger sits at a 105% safety ratio, acting as a last line of defense rather than an early-warning system.
As of mid-August 2026, DeFi Saver’s automation was managing approximately $263 million in collateral across 873 positions. That figure is a snapshot of current usage, separate from the $446.3 million defended during the earlier selloff.
The platform has offered automation support for Aave since 2020, and it added support for Aave V4 in March 2026. DeFi Saver’s automation focuses on calculating and executing the minimal necessary adjustments to maintain a user-defined safety target, imposing a nominal fee only on the portion of the transaction executed.
Why this matters for DeFi borrowers Liquidations are one of the least glamorous but most consequential mechanics in decentralized finance. They keep lending protocols solvent, but they also transfer value from stressed borrowers to whoever is fastest at closing out their positions.
The roughly $8.38 million in avoided penalties gives a concrete sense of how much money changes hands in a single volatile stretch.
Still, readers should keep the source in mind. These figures come from DeFi Saver’s own case study, and they cover one specific window of market stress on one protocol.
Automation also doesn’t eliminate the underlying risk of leverage. It reduces collateral exposure by repaying debt, which can mean selling assets at unfavorable prices during a dip. Users avoid the penalty, but they still absorb the drawdown.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Estefano Gomez. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Monerium, Frax a Capa spustily na Uniswapu v3 na Polygonu živý pár EURe/frxUSD. Má propojit regulované eurové bankovnictví s on-chain digitálními dolary a umožnit okamžité směny.
@Monerium, @fraxfinance, and @capa_fi have launched a live EURe/frxUSD trading pair on @Uniswap v3, running on @0xPolygon. The pool connects regulated European banking infrastructure to on-chain digital dollars, creating what is effectively a real-time foreign exchange channel without traditional banking counterparties.
What the Trading Pair Actually Does The integration pairs two distinct assets. On one side sits EURe, and On the other side sits frxUSD, Frax's tokenized digital dollar.
Settlement runs on Polygon's network, letting payment processors and fintech applications swap between euros and digital dollars instantly, without routing through a bank or a centralized exchange.
Why the Regulatory Layer Matters The compliance credentials behind EURe are a key part of the story. That regulatory standing gives the EURe side of the pair legal clarity that most euro stablecoins lack.
For fintechs and payment processors operating across the euro zone and the dollar-denominated crypto economy, the practical implication is a faster, cheaper corridor. Currency conversion that previously required a banking intermediary can now happen programmatically on-chain, in seconds.
Sources:
Phemex: Monerium, Frax and Capa Launch EURe/frxUSD On-Chain FX Pool on Polygon
Monerium: EURe, MiCA-Compliant Euro Stablecoin
PANews: Monerium, Frax and Capa Launch EURe/frxUSD On-Chain FX Pool on Polygon
NEAR Intents se po exploitu za 3,8 milionu USD vrátil online, část řetězců ale zůstává v omezeném provozu. NEAR Protocol zároveň zavede formální verifikaci do procesu vydávání kódu.
@near_intents is back online following a $3.8 million exploit on October 1, 2026, though several chains remain under restricted service while repairs continue. The incident has prompted @NEARProtocol co-founder @ilblackdragon to lay out a set of measures aimed at hardening the protocol against future attacks.
How the exploit unfolded According to the NEAR Intents team, the breach stemmed from a bug in the way the NEAR Intents smart contract interacted with the Omni deposit and withdrawal infrastructure. The team confirmed a total loss of roughly $3.8 million and pledged to reimburse every affected user in full. The NEAR token fell sharply in the immediate aftermath, sliding from around $5.50 to $4.70 as investors digested the news.
Before the protocol was paused, SHIELD, an AI-powered monitoring layer built into NEAR Intents, flagged the unusual activity. SHIELD works by pulling signals from know-your-transaction providers, independent researchers, and industry partners to identify transactions linked to known exploits or suspicious behavioral patterns. The system had already demonstrated its value days earlier, when it intercepted more than $50 million in attempted laundering flows tied to the separate Bitget breach.
What comes next for NEAR Protocol security Illia Polosukhin said the @NEARProtocol ecosystem will add formal verification to its release process. Formal verification uses mathematical logic to prove that code behaves correctly for every possible input, offering a stronger guarantee than conventional testing or manual audits alone. As security firm Nethermind notes, it provides "the strongest possible correctness and security guarantees" for protocols that handle significant on-chain value, where exploits can lead to immediate and irreversible losses.
Polosukhin also invited other development teams to join the SHIELD network and contribute threat intelligence, with the goal of shortening the time between detection and response across the wider ecosystem. The call reflects a broader push in the industry to treat security monitoring as a shared resource rather than a competitive advantage held by individual protocols.
With more than $25 billion in lifetime trading volume processed through NEAR Intents, the protocol's scale makes robust security infrastructure a necessity rather than an optional addition.
Sources:
NEAR Intents Exploit Drains $3.8 Million as 11 Networks Face Restrictions (Cryptometer)
NEAR Intents Exploit: $3.8M Drained, Full Refund Promised (Airdrop Alert)
Formal Verification for Blockchain and Smart Contracts (Nethermind)
Pharaoh Exchange na Avalanche zaznamenala rekordní měsíční objem i poplatky. Za 30 dní zpracovala asi 2,866 miliardy USD a vybrala zhruba 2,48 milionu USD.
Pharaoh Exchange, the leading decentralized exchange on Avalanche, just had its busiest month on record. Both monthly trading volume and monthly fees hit all-time highs.
According to DefiLlama data, the protocol processed around $2.866 billion in 30-day volume and collected approximately $2.48 million in fees.
The numbers behind the record Pharaoh’s cumulative DEX volume has passed $34 billion, and its lifetime fees exceed $32 million.
For a historical benchmark, the exchange reported $4.90 billion in trading volume across all of Q3 2025. The latest 30-day total alone is more than half of that full quarter.
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Pharaoh has set multiple all-time highs, including $284K in daily fees in November 2025.
Pharaoh’s total value locked sits somewhere between $47 million and $53 million.
As of late September 2026, the DEX’s revenue-to-market-cap ratio stood at 792%.
How Pharaoh works Pharaoh uses concentrated liquidity, a design similar to Uniswap v3. Liquidity providers choose a specific price range where their capital is active, which helps explain how a DEX with a TVL around $50 million can handle billions in monthly volume.
Pharaoh directs 100% of its token emissions according to how governance participants vote. Protocol revenue flows directly to holders of xPHAR, the protocol’s governance token.
Pharaoh V3 is already live, and the migration away from V2 is in its final phase. That transition is set to close on October 31, 2026.
What this means for Avalanche DeFi For xPHAR holders, approximately $2.48 million in 30-day fees is the raw material for those payouts, and record fees translate directly into a record revenue pool for voters.
The 792% revenue-to-market-cap ratio suggests the token trades at a low valuation relative to the cash the protocol produces.
The V2 wind-down closes October 31, 2026. A clean close would consolidate liquidity onto V3. Pharaoh’s model of handing 100% of revenue to voting token holders is a clear contrast with DEXs that keep a cut for a treasury or team.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Estefano Gomez. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Circle v září na Solaně emitovala asi 13,50 miliardy USDC, což je nejvyšší měsíční emise stablecoinu v historii sítě. Solana tak 25. září dosáhla rekordní nabídky stablecoinů kolem 17,3 miliardy dolarů.
Circle minted about 13.50 billion USDC on Solana in September. That is the largest monthly stablecoin mint the network has ever recorded.
A month of very large deposits The September total did not come from one giant event. Circle issued USDC in repeated batches throughout the month, frequently in tranches of $250 million.
On some occasions the pace climbed to $500 million within short intervals.
The busiest stretch came early in the month. Circle minted $3 billion of USDC within a single 24-hour window, according to the research compiled for this story.
Many of these transactions were flagged by Whale Alert, the on-chain tracking service known for posting large crypto transfers as they happen.
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For comparison, gross USDC minting on Solana in August came to approximately $11 billion. At the time, that was the highest monthly figure on record for the chain.
Minted is not the same as circulating The headline number deserves a footnote. Gross minting measures how much USDC Circle created, not how much new USDC is actually floating around in wallets and apps.
Many large mints first land in treasury or issuer-controlled wallets before being distributed. As a result, net growth in circulating supply tends to be milder than the gross figures suggest.
By late August, USDC supply on Solana had passed $8 billion, which represented more than 10% of all USDC globally.
Every USDC is backed 1:1 by US dollar reserves, so large mints reflect real dollars moving into Circle’s system to be represented on-chain.
Solana’s stablecoin moment By September 25, Solana’s total stablecoin supply reached an all-time high of around $17.3 billion.
That figure is driven mainly by USDC and Tether, the two largest dollar-pegged tokens.
Circle has also been busy off-chain. In September, it struck a deal with Binance that included a $100 million equity stake and a multi-year agreement to promote USDC.
What this means The gross-versus-net distinction is the key thing to watch. Record mints make for eye-catching numbers, but circulating supply is the better gauge of how much USDC is actually being used on the network.
If net supply keeps climbing alongside gross issuance, it would point to dollars settling into Solana’s ecosystem rather than passing through. If the gap stays wide, the story is more about Solana as a high-speed transit route for institutional dollar flows.
The next data points worth tracking are October’s gross mint total, Solana’s circulating USDC supply, and whether the network’s total stablecoin supply holds above the roughly $17.3 billion peak set in late September.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Kaye Quema. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Solana ve 3. čtvrtletí 2026 zpracovala přes 14,2 miliardy transakcí, nejvíc v historii sítě. Denní aktivita i počet peněženek se zároveň výrazně zvýšily.
Solana just had its busiest three months on record. The network processed more than 14 billion transactions in the third quarter of 2026, the highest quarterly total it has ever posted.
Research data puts the figure at approximately 14.2 billion, a 45% jump from the previous quarter.
The numbers behind the record Daily active addresses averaged about 4.1 million in Q3, a 12% increase over Q2. Average daily transactions came in at 120 million, up 8% quarter-over-quarter.
On its busiest days, the network handled more than 169 million transactions.
Wallets holding SOL climbed to 8.38 million, a 20.5% increase from the prior quarter.
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The number of stablecoin holders on Solana rose to 13.07 million, up 16% over the same period.
On-chain card payment volume reached $262.7 million in Q3, already surpassing the entire total for Q2.
Upgrades did some of the heavy lifting In late July, Solana rolled out SIMD-0286, a compute limit increase. In mid-September, the network transitioned to a new transaction format. Through both changes, block times held steady near 400 milliseconds.
The research also tracked successful non-vote transactions, which strip out the consensus messages validators send to keep the network in sync. September recorded approximately 3.2 billion successful non-vote transactions, the third consecutive monthly record.
What this means for SOL and the wider ecosystem SOL was trading around $117 in early October 2026, with an estimated circulating market cap between $60 billion and $70 billion.
Daily trading volumes also declined during the period, even as on-chain activity climbed.
Wallet counts up 20.5% alongside lower trading volume could point toward holders settling in for the longer term rather than flipping tokens.
Stablecoin holders grew to 13.07 million, positioning Solana as a serious settlement layer for dollar-pegged tokens. Card payment volume of $262.7 million surpassed the prior quarter’s total before Q3 even wrapped.
Risks remain. Higher compute limits and a new transaction format put more strain on validators, and sustaining 400-millisecond block times under heavier loads is an ongoing test.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Estefano Gomez. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Shinhan Bank dokončila pilot svého stablecoinu pro firemní přeshraniční převody na Solaně. Klienti přitom nemuseli otevřít kryptopeněženku ani držet stablecoin.
Shinhan Bank has finished a stablecoin pilot for corporate overseas remittances, built with technical support from the Solana Foundation.
The headline feature is what corporate clients did not have to do. They never opened a crypto wallet or held a stablecoin, and their banking routine stayed exactly the same.
The South Korean lender announced the completion of the proof-of-concept on September 30, 2026.
How the pilot worked Shinhan designed the test to copy the real remittance operations of a large Korean corporation.
The pilot covered the full workflow, from counterparty registration through execution and final settlement.
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Stablecoin-based transfers and settlements were plugged into the bank’s existing systems.
To handle privacy, Shinhan ran the process on a private solution on the Solana network. The goal was to keep sensitive transaction details confidential while still supporting transparent validation of each transaction.
Shinhan said the trial let it evaluate both the technical performance and the operational viability of the setup.
A two-track bet on Solana The corporate pilot is not Shinhan Financial’s only Solana project. Its sister company, Shinhan Card, has been exploring retail stablecoin payments in a separate collaboration with Solana, announced on April 30, 2026.
The two efforts are distinct. One targets corporate treasury desks moving money overseas, while the other looks at consumer payments.
The backdrop is South Korea’s regulatory picture. The country’s Digital Asset Basic Act remains under development, and it is intended to give digital assets a more structured legal framework.
Shinhan has indicated that its next step is to assess whether the system can become a real-world service, in line with regulatory frameworks.
What this means for banks, corporates and Solana The most notable design decision is the invisibility of the stablecoin layer. Shinhan is not asking corporate clients to adopt crypto. It is asking whether crypto rails can quietly sit beneath the services clients already use.
With the Digital Asset Basic Act still pending, Shinhan cannot launch a commercial product on a proof-of-concept alone. Its rollout timing depends on how lawmakers define the rules for stablecoins and the banks that handle them.
Market watchers have a few concrete items to monitor. The first is progress on the Digital Asset Basic Act, which will likely determine whether pilots like this graduate into products. The second is whether Shinhan publishes a timeline for a commercial corporate remittance service.
The third is whether other Korean lenders announce comparable trials. Finally, watch how the corporate and retail tracks inside Shinhan Financial develop, as both Shinhan Bank and Shinhan Card are now running separate Solana-based stablecoin initiatives.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Kaye Quema. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Subgraphs made The Graph the standard for querying blockchain data. The Graph Network is what keeps them running: independent Indexers around the world who sync Subgraphs, serve their queries and stand behind the data.
For a long time, the network's traffic and economics did not fully reflect that. A large share of developer queries ran through a centralized staging environment that network Indexers never saw. Indexing rewards followed stake and signal rather than the quality of service provided to consumers.
In Q3, The Graph started putting its growth behind the network more than ever before. The Graph Foundation changed its job to make that happen. It stepped in as an operator, funded by the Innovation Allocation. In its new role, The Foundation supports chains, Delegators and a newly reinvigorated Graph Office Hours. It coordinates between the developers and data consumers who need data and the Indexers and Delegators who serve and secure it. But, more than anything, that team aims to empower its providers and consumers to grow.
Here is what happened in Q3 2026 in The Graph ecosystem.
1. Developer Traffic Belongs on the NetworkSubgraph Studio has historically given developers a staging environment. Over time, production traffic also settled there, served by a centralized Upgrade Indexer instead of the network. The traffic that most needed redundancy was the traffic least likely to have it.
That traffic is now moving to The Graph Network in stages, starting with BNB Smart Chain and Polygon, where Studio staging queries end on October 8, 2026. There, Indexers serve those queries and collect the query fees.
For developers, the steps are straight-forward:
Already published to the Network: nothing changes.Still on the Studio staging endpoint for these chains: publish before October 8th, set up billing and an API key in Studio, and switch to a Gateway endpoint.The Foundation will curate newly published Subgraphs on those chains with an automated bot until October 8th, ensuring Indexers have a clear signal of which Subgraphs are important during the transition. At Indexers' request, it will also publish the full list of Subgraphs it curates. Studio remains the place to manage Subgraph versions, billing, and API keys. Subgraphs on other chains are expected to follow, starting with chains already supported by protocol issuance.
Read more: Bringing Subgraph Studio Traffic to The Graph Network
2. Indexers Who Serve Now EarnBringing traffic to the network matters only if the network pays the people who serve it. Indexing rewards used to be distributed by curation signal and allocated stake, and neither measured whether an Indexer served any queries – let alone with sufficient quality. In 2025, 15.2% of indexing rewards went to Indexers that were not delivering value to the network.
The Rewards Eligibility Oracle (REO) changes the condition. An Indexer stays eligible by serving at least one qualifying query on five or more days in a rolling 28-day window. A qualifying query:
returns HTTP 200 in under 5,000 mscomes from an Indexer within 50,000 blocks of chainheadhits a Subgraph with at least 500 GRT in curation signalEligibility renews on-chain daily and lasts 14 days. Total issuance does not change. What changes is who receives it.
At this point, the bar is low on purpose, but that will be short-lived. When the dashboard was first published, 49 of the 97 listed Indexers were already eligible (as of the REO launch post). An Indexer serving real traffic clears the standard without noticing it.
The design also protects the people it measures. Rewards are withheld, not confiscated. The rules are published, the code is open, and changes come with roughly 14 days' notice. If the oracle stops posting for seven days, every Indexer is treated as eligible.
Announced on September 22nd, the first round of tightening, which requires Indexers to begin indexing at least five qualifying Subgraphs per active day, went to Indexers with full notice.
For Delegators, stake follows its Indexer. The REO eligibility dashboard shows every Indexer's status and streak, updated daily. If your Indexer has been impacted by REO, your rewards will also be impacted. You can move your delegation to another Indexer or learn more about The Graph’s new Liquid Staking Initiative below.
Read more: A New Service Standard for Subgraph Indexing Rewards
3. The Graph Foundation Has a New MandateBoth changes above needed someone to own the parts of the network that sat between teams. The Graph Foundation has moved from coordinating and funding third-party roadmaps to operating the network directly. It now runs the Subgraph Gateway, Subgraph Studio, and Graph Explorer with new engineers from GraphOps and Edge & Node joining the Foundation to run network infrastructure and own the protocol work.
The shift is in what the Foundation treats as the product. The network comes first. The Foundation's role is to keep four groups pointed at the same place:
Developers who build on the networkData consumers who query itIndexers who serve itDelegators who secure itIn practice, that means playing a more active role in running network components, curating so Indexers pick up new demand, setting service standards so rewards follow the work, and talking to all four groups in the open every week.
Read more: A New Mandate for The Graph Foundation
4. The Innovation Allocation Funds the OperatorAlongside the Foundation’s new role comes a new approach to budgeting for protocol innovation. GIP-0089, approved by The Graph Council, directs 20% of protocol issuance to a Foundation-managed Innovation Allocation. That funds the work of running and growing the network including:
operational continuitya unified product experienceonboarding new data service providerschain integrationsThe Foundation and its budget remain accountable to The Graph Council.
Read more: The Graph Council Has Approved GIP-0089 & GIP-0089 is Live
5. More Chains Coming to The GraphChain support is one of the clearest places the operator role shows up. Chain integration deals moved to the Foundation this quarter, and new support landed. All of it is verified against a newly-implemented Supported Networks page with dedicated landing pages for each chain:
Anubis: Subgraphs, with InfraDAO as backstop Indexer for published Subgraphs with 500+ GRT in signal.Arc: Firehose and Substreams with extended blocks, alongside Subgraphs.HyperEVM: Firehose and Substreams upgraded to extended blocks.Ink: Firehose and Substreams with extended blocks.Robinhood Chain: additional Firehose and Substreams providers with testnet support.Extended blocks carry what a standard RPC endpoint leaves out: internal calls, balance changes, storage diffs, and code changes. A router that moves funds through an internal call, or a contract that changes state without emitting an event, becomes visible. Pinax operates the Arc, HyperEVM, and Ink endpoints while also handling the Extended Blocks integrations.
Read more: Substreams Extended Blocks Data: Data Your RPC Provider Can't Give You
6. Graph Office Hours is Where Coordination HappensIndexer Office Hours was rebranded as Graph Office Hours. It is one weekly call where Indexers, Developers, Delegators and the Foundation work through changes in the open, getting feedback from the ecosystem’s most dedicated stakeholders. GOH runs every Tuesday at 1700 UTC in The Graph Discord. This quarter's calls covered the new mandate, the Studio migration, REO criteria and chain integrations. The quarter's recordings are on YouTube:
IOH #272: The Graph Foundation's new mandateIOH #273: Q&A on The Foundation's new mandate, last session of Indexer Office HoursGOH #274: New format with new Foundation team announcement, Studio migration plans, REO criteria, and DIPs updateGOH #275: Chain integrations, Studio updates, REO discussion, Liquid Staking plansGOH #276: Chain integrations, BSC/Polygon announcement, REO discussionGOH #277: Chain integrations, BSC/Polygon Curation plans, REO impacts so far7. A Liquid Option for DelegatorsDelegators secure the network, but staked GRT has historically sat idle for other purposes. The GRT Liquid Staking Initiative turns a staked position on The Graph protocol into stGRT, a liquid token that represents the stake and its accrued rewards.
The vault was deployed by Avantgarde Finance on Enzyme vault tooling, and the Foundation manages it.Phase 1 includes a small soft launch for existing holders.A wider rollout for Delegators is slated to follows in the coming weeks.Early access requests go to [email protected].Informational only. This is not financial, investment, legal or tax advice. Rewards are variable, and features are subject to governance.
8. Hosted Sinks & Hosted Stores: Data Where Consumers Need itData consumers want indexed data in their own systems, without running infrastructure to get it there. Two managed Substreams services on The Graph Market now cover both directions.
Hosted Stores (beta) is a managed, block-aware key/value store. Data goes in over gRPC from your own service or from a Substreams package. Any module can look up a value at any block height. That covers the lookups most pipelines end up hand-building:
resolving token metadatamapping an address to its owner or protocolchecking an allowlistattaching an off-chain price to an on-chain eventHosted Sinks (beta) now offers users GraphQL. A sink can expose a read-only GraphQL API and console over the database it writes into, turned on with one checkbox. Teams moving from a Subgraph to Substreams keep the GraphQL interface they already use.
Other developer tools shipped alongside:
Substreams Skills: nine guided skills for AI coding assistants. substreams-convert maps a Subgraph's entities and handlers to Substreams modules. GitHubSubstreams v1.21.0 to v1.23.0: the SQL sink moved into the main CLI, Postgres sink fixes landed, and a new setting ends long-running requests gracefully. Release notesgraph-node v0.45.0: background index builds and a new ethereum.decodeParams host function. It also includes one breaking environment-variable rename for Indexers. Release notesRead more: Hosted Stores & GraphQL for Hosted Sinks
9. Builders Took Their Tools to New HeightsAt ETHOnline 2026, builders sent 354 submissions into The Graph's three tracks, and nine projects shared $15,000. Several winners built things the next team can use:
Composable or Standardized Graph Products
Alpha Markets: a prediction market for DeFi fundamentals with one query across 28 lending deployments.Sentinel: joins nine Subgraph deployments inside a TEE to surface hidden cross-protocol leverage.OpenBook: a data marketplace for agents that refunds the buyer when data is stale.AI Tooling, From Scratch
Covenant: a bonded watch over a lending position across 13 protocols.Turnstile: pay-per-call on-chain analysis for agents built on an ERC-8004 Substreams module.presign: a risk verdict before an agent signs with the age of the evidence behind it.TrueTick: fair prices for tokenized stocks across five venues and four chains.AI Tooling, Continuity
Aqua0: agent-run stablecoin FX strategies on Arc, benchmarked against 12 Subgraphs.Hermes v2: encrypted agent messaging, grounded in standardized DEX Subgraphs.What to Watch for Next in The Graph EcosystemMore chains leaving Studio staging and moving onto the network.Direct Indexer Payments: The contracts are deployed and dormant. When activated, the Foundation and Gateway Operators can pay Indexers directly to index specific data.REO criteria: Each step will come with published criteria and notice.Liquid Staking: A wider rollout to Delegators.Graph Office Hours: Every Tuesday at 1700 UTC and the fastest way to be heard on all of the above.About The GraphThe Graph is a suite of blockchain data infrastructure products that extract, process, and deliver scalable blockchain data solutions across 60+ networks. The Graph enables application developers, data analysts, AI agents, and enterprise teams that need structured, real-time access to blockchain data. Products include Subgraphs, Firehose, Substreams, and Amp. As of early 2026, The Graph has served over 1.27 trillion queries to more than 75,000 projects, powered by a network of independent Indexers around the world.
Follow The Graph on X, LinkedIn, Instagram, and Reddit. Join the community on The Graph’s Telegram, join technical discussions on The Graph’s Discord.
Muneeb Ali se vrací do role CEO společnosti Stacks Labs a firma se chce více zaměřit na institucionální expanzi a bitcoinovou infrastrukturu. STX po zprávě za 24 hodin vyskočil o 28,8 % na zhruba 0,4039 USD.
Stacks founder Muneeb Ali is returning as Stacks Labs CEO, opening a new leadership chapter centered on growing Bitcoin-based financial infrastructure.
Muneeb will be replacing interim CEO Alex Miller, who is shifting into an advisory role following his role in establishing Stacks Labs.
This leadership transition comes as Stacks shifts its focus towards adoption after completing various key infrastructure milestones.
Ali returns with institutional expansion in focus The Stacks network already collaborates with 21Shares, UTXO Management, HashKey Cloud, Anchorage Digital, and Fireblocks as far as Bitcoin staking is concerned.
Additionally, the Genesis Bond was launched with 250 BTC from four institutions, reinforcing Stacks’ push into institutional Bitcoin products.
Anchorage Digital furthermore recently introduced custody infrastructure in support of BTC-denominated rewards while the principal remains on Bitcoin L1.
Beyond institutional adoption, the incoming CEO also identified 100x capacity, institutional-grade privacy, and post-quantum development among his top priorities as he took over his new position.
Ali noted on an X post that he will be working alongside CTO Adriano Di Luzio and the wider team on these important initiatives.
Stacks is also extending institutional engagement across Hong Kong, Korea, and the larger Middle East with the broader objective of bringing more Bitcoin capital into applications built around Stacks.
Source: X STX surges 28.8% after Ali’s return Stacks’ [STX] price responded sharply after news emerged that Ali would return to lead Stacks Labs. Notably, the token surged 28.8% over 24 hours, reaching approximately $0.4039 during the rapid rally.
The rapid move was majorly centered on the renewed attention surrounding Ali’s leadership and Stacks’ plans for its next major development phase.
Additionally, the response was also attributed to the discussion around Bitcoin’s expanding application layer, which renewed attention across the market.
Ultimately, the new leadership transition now puts the institutional expansion, greater network capacity, and Bitcoin-native applications at the center of STX’s next chapter.
Source: CoinGecko Final Summary Muneeb Ali’s return puts institutional expansion and Bitcoin infrastructure back at Stacks’ center. STX jumped 28.8% as investors responded to the renewed leadership and development roadmap.
NEAR Intents po exploitu přišel asi o 3,8 milionu USD a zastavil vklady i výběry na 11 sítích. Tým tvrdí, že chyba byla v jeho infrastruktuře, ne v samotném blockchainu NEAR.
NEAR Intents, a cross-chain swap service built on NEAR Protocol (NEAR), lost about $3.8 million to an exploit on Thursday. The NEAR token fell 8.6% within hours, although the underlying blockchain was not named as the target.
The hack landed two days after Bitwise opened the first US spot NEAR exchange-traded fund (ETF). Bitwise pitched that fund partly on NEAR Intents, which it says has processed over $32 billion in swaps.
How the NEAR Intents Hack HappenedNEAR Intents lets users swap a token on one blockchain for a token on another. Users state the trade they want, and outside market makers compete to fill it.
The team said a bug caused the loss. The flaw sat in how its Omni deposit and withdrawal system interacted with the NEAR Intents smart contract, the self-running code that records each swap.
Earlier today NEAR Intents services were stopped after a security incident was detected. The incident was caused by a bug in the Omni deposit and withdrawal infrastructure interaction with NEAR Intents smart contract.
The preliminary report indicates the total loss of…
— NEAR Intents (@near_intents) October 1, 2026 On-chain investigator ZachXBT flagged the attack, saying the service’s hot wallet on BNB Chain, an online wallet used to pay out withdrawals, saw several unusual outflows before it stopped processing transactions.
The stolen funds went straight to crypto exchange KuCoin and were converted into Bitcoin (BTC), according to ZachXBT.
ZachXBT flagged irregular BSC hot wallet outflows linked to the exploit.NEAR Intents said it has patched the contract flaw and will compensate affected users in full. It has also reported the incident to law enforcement.
Is NEAR Protocol Safe After the $3.8 Million Hack?Deposits and withdrawals remain paused for about 12 more hours on 11 networks. These include BNB Chain, Polygon, TON, Optimism, Avalanche, Stellar, Monad, X Layer, ADI, Scroll, and Plasma.
Neither the official statement nor ZachXBT’s alert reports any loss from the NEAR blockchain itself. Both point to the swap service’s bridge and its BNB Chain wallet.
Users holding assets from the paused chains inside NEAR Intents can still swap them into other tokens once core service resumes, the team said.
Meanwhile, NEAR traded at $4.92 at press time, with a market value near $6.4 billion. The token had climbed about 175% in September ahead of the Bitwise NEAR ETF launch.
NEAR Price Performance. Source: BeInCryptoIt is the second major exploit in the NEAR ecosystem this year, after Rhea Finance lost $7.6 million in April. NEAR Intents has promised a full technical report in the coming days.
Injective představil první demo CypherOS, své nativní vrstvy soukromí pro zastíněné transakce a soukromé RFQ toky. Projekt zatím nezveřejnil plnou architekturu ani auditní zprávy.
Injective has put its privacy ambitions on display. The first demo of CypherOS, the blockchain’s privacy platform, is now live.
What CypherOS is supposed to do Injective is a Layer 1 blockchain built with trading and institutional-scale activity in mind.
CypherOS is its native on-chain privacy layer. The project has described three headline features: confidential trading, shielded transactions, and private RFQ flows.
Shielded transactions hide the details of a transfer from public view.
RFQ stands for request for quote. A trader asks one or more counterparties for a price on a specific trade, rather than posting an order on a public book. Making that process private means the request itself does not tip off the rest of the market.
That last point matters for large traders. Broadcasting a big order on a public chain can invite front-running, where others jump ahead of the trade to profit from the expected price move. Privacy at the RFQ stage is designed to close that window.
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Injective has emphasized that CypherOS is embedded in the core network. It is not a bolt-on app or a standalone tool sitting off to the side.
How Injective got here On September 18, 2026, Injective teased an upcoming CypherOS demo, promising privacy for INJ across trades and transactions.
Six days later, on September 24, the network activated its Meridian mainnet upgrade. It went live at block height 184,394,000.
Stakers backed the upgrade with 99% approval.
Meridian did two notable things. It improved the chain’s support for real-world asset tokenization, or RWAs, which turns things like bonds or funds into on-chain tokens. It also laid the groundwork for CypherOS testing.
On September 25, Injective formally confirmed CypherOS as a native privacy layer for shielded transactions and private RFQ flows. The project flagged a private RFQ testnet alpha as the first live test of the system.
The market noticed INJ, Injective’s native token, responded to the run of announcements. The token traded near $8 on September 25.
That price represented a 32% gain for the week. Over the prior 30 days, INJ was up 42%.
What still needs to happen As of early October 2026, Injective had not disclosed the full architecture of CypherOS. Audit reports had also not been made public.
The community has been watching for public demos as a key validation milestone. The live demo addresses part of that. The architecture details and audits remain the next shoes to drop.
What this means for Injective and its users The RWA angle reinforces the pitch. Tokenized versions of traditional financial assets tend to attract the same institutions that are used to private negotiation in conventional markets. Pairing tokenization upgrades from Meridian with private RFQ from CypherOS points to a coherent target audience.
Privacy features on public blockchains often draw regulatory scrutiny, since confidentiality tools can be framed as compliance headaches. How Injective balances privacy with the reporting needs of institutional clients will be an important detail to watch as more of the design is revealed.
The near-term checklist is straightforward. Watch for the private RFQ testnet alpha to open up, for the full CypherOS architecture to be published, and for audit results to land.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Estefano Gomez. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Největší známá peněženka Kaspa, Entity X, zpomaluje nákupy KAS: v červnu činil čistý příliv kapitálu asi 56 milionů KAS, v září už jen 7 milionů KAS. V září peněženka akumulovala kolem 24 milionů KAS a zároveň stáhla 17 milionů tokenů. Začátkem října už peněženka stáhla dalších 4,52 milionu KAS.
The largest known whale wallet on the Kaspa network, tracked by @kaspaunchained as Entity X, appears to be pulling back on its $KAS buying activity. On-chain data from the Kas.live explorer shows a clear deceleration in net inflows over recent months, raising questions about what the shift in behavior might signal for the broader market.
Accumulation Slows Sharply Since Summer Peak The data tells a straightforward story. In June, Entity X posted a net inflow of roughly 56 million KAS. That figure dropped to around 32 million in July, then fell further to approximately 20 million in August. September marked the weakest month yet: the wallet accumulated around 24 million KAS but also withdrew 17 million tokens, resulting in a net inflow of just 7 million KAS.
As of early October, the whale has already withdrawn a further 4.52 million KAS, suggesting the cooler posture has carried into the new month.
Despite the reduced buying pace, the position remains substantial. Entity X currently holds an unrealized profit and loss figure worth $65.71 million, according to the same explorer data.
Context: A Broader Shift in Kaspa Whale Dynamics Entity X has attracted significant attention in the Kaspa community, with the wallet said to have accumulated over a billion KAS and described as one that "almost never sells," alongside speculation about institutional or Gulf capital backing. Whether those rumors hold any weight remains unverified, but the wallet's scale is not in dispute.
Kaspa's emission schedule shows that roughly 27.37 billion KAS have already been mined, representing approximately 95.39% of its hard-capped 28.7 billion supply, with remaining issuance approaching zero by late 2026. That supply dynamic adds weight to how large holders position themselves, since new tokens entering circulation are becoming increasingly scarce.
The slowdown in Entity X's accumulation does not necessarily indicate selling pressure. The wallet's net position continues to grow, and withdrawals from on-chain wallets often reflect movement to cold storage rather than exchange deposits. Still, the declining pace of net inflows is a notable shift from the aggressive buying seen earlier in the summer.
Observers will be watching whether October marks a continued cooling off or a temporary pause before another accumulation phase begins.
Sources:
CoinMarketCap: Kaspa Surges Amid Broad Crypto Rally and Social Hype Around Entity X
CryptoNews: Kaspa Is 95% Mined With Supply Running Out by Late 2026
OpenAssets a Sui spolupracují na standardu OTAS (Open Tokenized Asset Standard), který má sjednotit tokenizovaná aktiva a umožnit jejich interoperabilitu napříč sítěmi. Standard je hostován v Linux Foundation Decentralized Trust.
OpenAssets and Sui set to collaborate on developing OTAS, an open, agnostic standard hosted by LF Decentralized Trust that defines how tokenized asset systems can seamlessly connect to the Sui ecosystem.
, /PRNewswire/ -- OpenAssets, a leading digital asset infrastructure provider, today announced a collaboration with Sui to advance the development of the Open Tokenized Asset Standard (OTAS) within Linux Foundation Decentralized Trust.
OpenAssets and Sui Advance Institutional Tokenization Standards Under Linux Foundation Decentralized Trust Institutions are increasingly issuing tokenized versions of securities, funds, commodities, and other assets, with projections putting the tokenized asset market at $30 trillion by 2034, according to Standard Chartered. Those assets often remain locked inside separate, incompatible systems, and connecting them has historically required time-consuming, expensive custom integration work for every chain involved.
OTAS is designed as a neutral, auditable foundation for identity, compliance, asset representation, and reporting, one institution can build on rather than adopt wholesale. The collaboration focuses on making tokenized financial assets interoperable, meaning they can be moved and verified across different networks without the need for expensive, custom-built software for every single chain. With OTAS available on Sui, assets issued in the Sui ecosystem follow the same open rules as assets on other networks, so their history and status can be trusted wherever they move.
OTAS is an open standards lab hosted at Linux Foundation Decentralized Trust (LFDT), initiated by OpenAssets and sponsored by Sui Foundation, which joined LFDT in September 2026. The lab was formally added to LFDT in Spring 2026, and includes open source smart contract reference implementations for tokenized financial instruments.
Neutral, shared standards have repeatedly helped emerging technology markets scale. The Linux Foundation has spent more than two decades helping build trusted, vendor-neutral governance for technologies including Linux, Kubernetes, and PyTorch. OpenAssets, a Premier Member of LF Decentralized Trust, proposed OTAS to bring that same model of open governance to tokenized capital markets.
"Extending OTAS to Sui makes compliance and ownership history portable, giving institutions a consistent, trusted view of an asset across networks," said Gabor Gurbacs, Chairman and CEO of OpenAssets. "We welcome Sui's contribution to OTAS and the broader effort to build open, interoperable standards for tokenized assets."
"Financial markets have always depended on trusted standards," said Daniela Barbosa, General Manager, Decentralized Technologies, Linux Foundation, and Executive Director, LF Decentralized Trust. "OTAS applies that principle to tokenized assets by creating an open framework that the broader industry can shape together. Sui and OpenAssets are key collaborators helping shape the neutral governance of this LFDT lab as a model for the next generation of digital capital markets."
"The process of issuing tokenized assets is only the first step into a much broader ecosystem. For digital capital markets to grow efficiently, institutions and financial platforms need a common framework for identity, ownership, compliance, and settlement across different systems," said Adeniyi Abiodun, Co-Founder and Chief Product Officer at Mysten Labs, the original contributor to Sui. "OTAS provides that shared language without forcing institutions onto a single blockchain or technology stack. Open standards like this can connect what are today fragmented markets and help unlock the scale and breadth of opportunity that tokenized finance has long promised."
About the OTAS Standard
OTAS (Open Tokenized Asset Standard) is a Linux Foundation Decentralized Trust lab providing open source smart contract reference implementations for tokenized financial instruments. OpenAssets is a founding member of OTAS and proposed the lab, with Sui Foundation as an initial sponsor; OTAS formally launched as an LFDT lab in April 2026. OpenAssets joined LF Decentralized Trust as a Premier Member in January 2026, and Gabor Gurbacs holds a seat on the LF Decentralized Trust Governing Board.
The standard is also designed with an eye toward automated finance. As AI agents take on more tasks such as collateral management, trade execution, and settlement, they require machine-readable, consistent rules for evaluating asset ownership and compliance status. OTAS is built to provide that shared layer, so automated systems can interact with tokenized assets across platforms without custom integration work for every new asset type.
The Open Tokenized Asset Standard is actively being developed today as an open source Linux Foundation Decentralized Trust lab. Financial institutions, infrastructure providers, developers, and other market participants are invited to contribute to its ongoing development. Learn more at openassets.to and sui.io.
About OpenAssets
OpenAssets builds infrastructure for digital financial systems. Through shared standards and purpose-built technology for real-world asset tokenization and sovereign digital currency, the company works with institutions, governments, and technology companies to modernize capital markets infrastructure. OpenAssets is developing and contributing the open standards for tokenization in collaboration with the Linux Foundation Decentralized Trust. Learn more at openassets.to.
About Sui
Sui, where money moves as freely as messages, is a next-generation Layer 1 blockchain built for onchain finance and agentic infrastructure. Founded by the core team behind Meta's stablecoin initiative and powered by an object-centric model, Sui makes assets, permissions, and user data programmable and ownable. Sui's primitives offer builders everything they need to create high-performance payments and financial applications, including instant agentic payments. Learn more at sui.io.
DAO Steps Back From Block Production@Coredao_Org is pushing deeper into decentralization, with the project preparing to hand block production responsibilities entirely to independent validators over the coming months.
Since the network's launch in 2023, the DAO's own validators played a key supporting role in keeping block production running continuously. That arrangement helped stabilize the network in its early stages, but it was always intended as a temporary measure. Independent validators have already been carrying out operations under the network's existing framework, and the DAO is now ready to step back from that function altogether.
The transition is a natural extension of how Core was designed. On the Core blockchain, validators are essential nodes responsible for maintaining the network's security, decentralization, and integrity. They validate transactions, produce new blocks, and participate in governance through Core's Satoshi Plus consensus, which blends Delegated Proof of Work (DPoW), Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS), and Self-Custodial Bitcoin Staking to ensure decentralization, security, and scalability.
How Satoshi Plus Supports Independent Validators The Satoshi Plus consensus selects validators based on a hybrid scoring system that considers delegated Bitcoin, CORE tokens, and Bitcoin hash power. Validator sets are rotated periodically, and validator elections occur in epochs, typically every 24 hours, to select the top 31 active validators based on their hybrid scores.
The election process allows miners and stakers to participate in validator selection, promoting decentralization and preventing the concentration of control. By removing the DAO from block production, Core aims to ensure the network is governed by a broad, permissionless set of independent operators rather than any centrally coordinated group.
Validators operate independently and globally, ensuring fair participation. The gradual handover reflects the DAO's broader vision: a network that runs on its own, sustained by the economic incentives and community participation that Satoshi Plus is designed to encourage.
The move signals a maturation of the Core network and aligns with the principles its consensus mechanism was built on from the start.
Sources:
Core DAO Docs: Validators on the Core Network
Core DAO Blog: Validators on Core, Role, Election and Rewards
Flare spustil Flare Confidential Compute na Songbirdu, takže smart kontrakty mohou ověřovat citlivá institucionální data bez zveřejnění jejich obsahu on-chain. První využití je už u stablecoinu USDX od Hex Trust.
Flare has launched Flare Confidential Compute (FCC) on Songbird, introducing infrastructure that allows smart contracts to use sensitive institutional data without publishing the underlying information onchain. The system processes private inputs inside a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) and returns a signed result that smart contracts can independently verify.
The launch addresses a major limitation for bringing traditional financial activity onchain. Institutional information such as reserve balances, fund NAVs, collateral positions, credit information and compliance records often cannot be made public, even when blockchain applications need to verify facts derived from that data.
FCC is designed to bridge that gap. Instead of exposing the raw information, confidential data is processed privately and only the resulting conclusion is published. For example, a smart contract could verify that an asset meets a required collateral threshold without seeing the institution’s actual balances.
The first real-world application is already live with Hex Trust’s USDX stablecoin. FCC combines public reserve information with restricted cash reserve data and compares the total against USDX supply. It then produces a signed result confirming whether USDX is backed 1:1 or better, while keeping the actual private reserve balances confidential.
The technology could extend well beyond stablecoins. Flare points to potential applications including tokenized funds that calculate verifiable NAVs from undisclosed holdings, lending protocols that combine public prices with private collateral information, and credit or compliance systems that need to verify a conclusion without revealing sensitive records.
FCC is initially available on Songbird, Flare’s canary network, with a separate deployment on Flare planned to follow.
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MON za 24 hodin vyskočil o 15 % na 0,0318 USD, zatímco spotový objem obchodů prudce vzrostl o 226,60 % na 145,2 milionu USD. StraitsX zároveň oznámila plán vydat stablecoiny XSGD a XUSD na Monad.
MON, the native token of the Monad blockchain, rallied 15% to reach $0.0318 within 24 hours as trading activity and derivatives interest soared. MON also logged a 32.40% gain in the past week, despite remaining 35.3% below its all-time high of $0.04883.
Market activity accelerates on MonadAccording to CoinGecko data, MON’s price spanned a range from $0.02716 to $0.03444 over the last day, with intraday lows at the $0.02716 support level. Should the price fall below this point, MON would erase its daily gains.
Spot trading volume in MON spiked to $145.2 million in 24 hours, marking a 226.60% increase from the previous day. Derivatives activity also intensified, as open interest in perpetual contracts climbed to $188.2 million, or roughly half of MON’s $376.1 million market capitalization.
Funding rates across eight-hour intervals stayed positive at 0.0108%, and trading volumes in derivatives surpassed spot markets by more than fifteen times. The token’s Relative Strength Index stood at 69.23, signaling increased market attention as MON tested resistance near $0.032758.
Technical indicators from TradingView highlighted MON rebounding from former resistance at $0.027, now acting as a support, and approaching local resistance, suggesting continued close monitoring of price, momentum, and trader behavior may be warranted in the current environment.
Amid this surge, the rapid movement in meme token markets illustrates the broader trend of intensified activity in the altcoin space. An example from Fomo App demonstrates how an initial $99 trade in “Niu Lai” grew to nearly $370,000. In this evolving environment, not only is price action important but also the timing and token selections made by investors. Fomo App enables users to combine token discovery with trading, featuring social feeds, rankings, and notifications, making it a central spot to track meme token sentiment and moves.
StraitsX stablecoins to go live on MonadStraitsX, a Singapore-based fintech firm, announced plans to issue both XSGD and XUSD stablecoins on the Monad blockchain, with the initial rollout targeted for Q1 2027. XSGD will represent the first Singapore dollar-pegged stablecoin launched natively on Monad.
The company noted its timeline depends on completing technical upgrades, regulatory approvals, and compliance reviews. Both stablecoins are designed to align with Singapore’s upcoming regulatory standards for digital assets under the Payment Services Act 2019.
StraitsX CEO Tianwei Liu stated that the launch could support innovative card and payment solutions for users. Monad Foundation’s General Manager Keone Hon added that Monad’s blockchain architecture is tailored for fast and efficient payments. The network currently supports around $692 million in stablecoin assets.
The project team highlighted that collaborating with Monad offers a unique opportunity for expanding on-chain payments, while new regulatory standards could attract greater institutional and cross-border participation in the digital currency sector.
Privacy and security upgrades underwayThe Monad team shared a roadmap for post-quantum security features, initially targeting upgrades to wallet security, followed by improvements to consensus and staking, Ethereum Virtual Machine integration, proof systems, and encrypted mempool technology. Development has already begun on a quantum-resistant version of Cadence, Monad’s consensus protocol.
Long-term plans call for an encrypted mempool using batch threshold encryption to minimize risks such as maximal extractable value exploitation. Major security enhancements are slated for deployment between 2028 and 2029.
Monad has indicated, via its X platform, that it plans to unveil further privacy initiatives at its Open Summit event on October 6. While details remain limited, the project’s infrastructure already supports private transactions through zero-knowledge proofs, providing a foundation for upcoming privacy tools.
BitMart předložil předběžný plán reorganizace, který má řešit ztrátu uživatelských zůstatků po hacku z prosince 2021 za zhruba 319,5 milionu USD. Návrh ještě musí schválit soud.
Nearly five years after hackers drained about $319.5 million from BitMart, the exchange finally has a repayment plan on paper. It still needs a judge to sign off on it.
On September 30, 2026, the Cayman Islands-based exchange released a preliminary restructuring proposal. The goal is to deal with a shortfall in user balances tied to the December 2021 breach. A court application is targeted for December 2026 or January 2027.
How the proposal works BitMart plans to dollarize balances using weighted average trading prices tied to July 26, 2026. Whatever your account held, in whatever tokens, gets translated into a single dollar figure. That number becomes your claim.
From there, users would choose between two broad paths.
The first is a pro-rata payout from the exchange’s available liquid assets. Users taking this route could receive fiat or stablecoins.
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The second path is a conversion into new tokens. The proposal introduces two of them: Restitution Tokens and Continuum Tokens. Together, they are designed to reflect potential recoveries and the exchange’s future profitability.
Who is involved and what happens next BitMart is not drafting this alone. The restructuring is being advised by consulting firm Alvarez & Marsal and law firm White & Case.
BitMart plans to solicit input from its 50 largest users over the next three to four weeks. Adjustments to the proposal are anticipated in November.
After that, the exchange expects to file its court application. The target window is December 2026 or January 2027.
The plan must earn court sanction before anything moves forward. Until then, it remains a proposal, not a payout schedule.
The long road from hack to plan The breach itself was confirmed as of December 4, 2021. At roughly $319.5 million in losses, it left a hole in the exchange’s balance sheet that never fully closed.
BitMart has been reviewing its operational strategy since mid-2026, citing a weaker market environment. Withdrawals have been restricted as the exchange manages operational losses and balance sheet deficits.
The exchange’s financial health has also drawn ongoing scrutiny, including discussions about potential bankruptcy proceedings, which adds weight to the decision to pursue a structured, court-supervised route.
What this means for users and the industry The dollarization date matters. Locking balances to July 26, 2026 pricing means users do not capture any price moves after that point. Someone holding a token that rallies later would not see that gain reflected in their claim. Someone holding a token that drops would be shielded.
The feedback process itself is worth watching. BitMart is starting with its 50 largest users. Their input could shape the terms everyone else lives with.
The key dates to track are November, when revisions are expected, and the December 2026 to January 2027 window for the court application. Until a court sanctions the plan, BitMart users are holding a proposal, not a check.
Disclosure: This article was edited by John Chen. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
On Unchained, Biden called the accusations against him “a speed bump” next to the Trump family’s dealings, including World Liberty Financial, and said the TRUMP memecoin took money from Trump’s own supporters.
Hunter Biden: Trump's World Liberty part of a 'Mount Everest of corruption'
Posted October 1, 2026 at 7:39 am ET.
Asked about World Liberty Financial, Hunter Biden said the Trump family’s business dealings make the accusations against him look like “a speed bump as compared to the Mount Everest of corruption that they are engaged in.”
Host Laura Shin asked Biden on the show, in an episode that streamed Wednesday, about his August post on X, which said, “The Trump family’s business, World Liberty Financial, is corruption at a scale we’ve never seen.” Shin noted that the post compared World Liberty’s borrowing against its own token to how FTX operated before it collapsed.
Biden answered by pointing beyond World Liberty to the rest of the family. He urged listeners to look at “each family member individually” and at “what they have done that has been reported in the public,” and to compare it with the accusations made against him. “I literally did no business other than sell paintings while my dad was President of the United States,” he said.
Earlier in the interview, Biden said every move Trump has made in crypto has been “for the benefit of himself and not for the community, not for cryptocurrency as a whole, not for the policy.”
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World Liberty’s Business Trump’s 2025 financial disclosure shows about $592 million from World Liberty token sales and equity, part of roughly $1.4 billion in crypto income. An entity backed by the UAE’s national security adviser agreed to pay $500 million for 49% of World Liberty, The Wall Street Journal reported, according to Fortune. The company’s trust arm won preliminary conditional approval for a national trust charter from the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency in August. In April, World Liberty borrowed about $75 million against its own token on Dolomite. World Liberty said at the time that it was “nowhere near liquidation” and would “simply supply more collateral” if needed.
Justin Sun’s Lawsuit Tron founder Justin Sun, who says he invested $45 million in WLFI tokens, is suing World Liberty, alleging it secretly froze his tokens. At the parties’ joint request, a federal judge paused the case on Tuesday until Oct. 22 over a jurisdiction question. World Liberty has called Sun’s claims meritless, and it has filed its own defamation suit against him in Florida state court.
The TRUMP Memecoin Explaining why he launched his own memecoin, LAPTOP, Biden said Trump presented himself as “the crypto king” but has done more damage than good to the crypto community. Biden called it “the cardinal sin of what he did” that the money came from Trump’s most devoted followers. Trump “literally took the money out of their pockets” and put it into his own, Biden said. “I can’t believe that a sitting president of the United States, let alone anyone, would do that.”
TRUMP launched on Jan. 17, 2025, three days before the President’s inauguration. CIC Digital, a Trump Organization affiliate, and Fight Fight Fight LLC together own 80% of its supply, unlocking over three years, according to the token’s website. About 1 million wallets have net losses totaling $4.5 billion on the token, NBC News reported in July. Trump reported $635 million in 2025 royalties from a licensing agreement with Celebration Coins, which NBC News described as a group specializing in meme coins bearing his name. TRUMP traded near $2.18 on Wednesday, 97% below its January 2025 peak.
Related Listen: The Chopping Block: CLARITY Dies on the Senate Floor, Hunter Biden’s LAPTOP Rug, and the AI Pause Pact
AI-assisted content: This article was produced with the assistance of AI tools and was reviewed, edited, and fact-checked by a member of the Unchained editorial team before publication.
Disclaimer: In compliance with MiCA requirements, unauthorized stablecoins are subject to certain restrictions for EEA users. For more information, please click here. This is a general announcement and marketing communication. Products and services referred to here may not be available in your region. Fellow Binancians, From 2026-10-02 00:00 (UTC), Binance will continue the airdrop campaign rewarding all eligible users who hold World Liberty Financial USD (USD1) on our platform. Eligible users will share rewards from a grand prize pool of 150 million World Liberty Financial (WLFI) tokens and up to 2.5 million USD1 tokens. The rewards will be distributed as weekly rewards to USD1 holders every Friday. Campaign will have two stages: Stage 1: 2026-10-02 00:00 (UTC) - 2026-10-16 00:00 (UTC), with 75 million WLFI token rewards Stage 2: 2026-10-16 00:00 (UTC) - 2026-10-30 00:00 (UTC), with 75 million WLFI and up to 2.5 million USD1 token rewards Please stay tuned for Stage 2 Campaign Participation Terms. We will update the Stage 2 campaign terms on or before 2026-10-16. How to Participate in Stage 1: Eligible users must hold USD1 in balance (net assets), in any of the following account categories on Binance: Spot Account;Funding Account;Margin Account (USD1 as Collateral in Cross Margin, Isolated Margin, or Portfolio Margin); USDⓈ-M Futures Account (USD1 as Collateral in USDⓈ-M Futures Accounts, Multi-Assets mode is included). USD1 in Binance Futures or Margin accounts can receive a 1.2x bonus multiplier on rewards, only if the user’s Daily Open Interest on USD1 Futures pair(s) is maintained at a minimum of 300 USD1. Binance will take hourly daily snapshots of each user’s Open Interest each day and use the lowest recorded amount to determine if the users’ Daily Open Interest on that day meets the minimum requirement and their eligibility of the 1.2x bonus multiplier. Note: If the users’ Daily Open Interest on USD1 Futures pair is less than 300 USD1 on certain days, and hold more than 0.01 USD1 in their Margin or Futures Accounts, they will still receive 1x rewards on those days, but not the 1.2x bonus rewards. USD1 acquired through borrowing of other stablecoins will receive a haircut of 70%, after accounting for liabilities in Margin Accounts from other stablecoins, including USDT, USDC, U, RLUSD, and FDUSD. Campaign Details: Distribution: Rewards will be airdropped directly to eligible users’ Binance Spot Accounts. Distribution Frequency: Weekly airdrops during the Campaign Period. Reward Distribution: Rewards start accruing from 2026-10-02 00:00 (UTC). Weekly rewards will be distributed by 18:00 (UTC) every Friday in WLFI tokens. Distribution records can be found in Distribution History. The Weekly Reward Amount will be roughly calculated as follows: Qualifying Balance of each day = Lowest USD1 balance captured during those hourly snapshots on each day.Weekly Rewards = (7-day average of the Qualifying Balance * Effective APR on the distribution day * 7) / 365 After each weekly distribution, the effective APR for that period will be updated in this announcement. In determining the effective APR on the distribution day, Binance will take into account a number of factors, including, without limitation: Minimum recorded amount of Open Interest per day;Lowest balance of the snapshots each day;The daily aggregated amount of Qualifying Balances across all eligible holders of USD1;7-day average across all eligible holders of USD1 For USD1 acquired through borrowing other stablecoins: Eligible balance in Margin Account = USD1 Balance Before Leverage + Leveraged Amount * (1 - 70%): USD1 Balance before Leverage = MAX [USD1 Balance in Margin Account - Margin Account Liabilities of the Other Stablecoins, 0] Leveraged Amount = USD1 Balance in Margin Account - MAX [USD1 Balance in Margin Account - Margin Account Liabilities of the Other Stablecoins, 0] Note: ”Other Stablecoins” include USDT, USDC, U, RLUSD, FDUSD. Case examples: User A’s Daily Open Interest on USD1 Futures pair from Day 1 to Day 6 is maintained at 1,500 USD1, Day 7 at 100 USD1. Throughout the 7 days, the user holds 10,000 USD1 in Spot and 20,000 USD1 as collateral in Margin, and effective base APR is 20%, effective boosted APR is 24%, User A's rewards due to be received at the end of 7 days will be as follows:[(10,000 * 20% * 7) / 365] + [(20,000 * 24% * 6) / 365] + [(20,000 * 20% * 1) / 365] = 128.21 USD worth of WLFIUser B’s Daily Open Interest on the USD1 Futures pair is maintained at 1,500 USD1 throughout week 1. The user borrowed 5,000 USD1 from VIP loan or Margin (“liabilities”). Among this borrowed 5,000 USD1, 4,000 USD1 was used as collateral in Margin, the remaining 1,000 USD1 was held in their Spot Account in week 1. The effective base APR is 20%, effective boosted APR is 24%, User B’s rewards due to be received at the end of week 1 will be as follows:Qualifying Balance = 0 [(0 * 20% * 7) / 365] + [(0 * 24% * 7) / 365] = 0 USD worth of WLFIUser C’s Daily Open Interest throughout Week 1 was maintained at 100 USD1. The user had 1,000 USD1 in the Margin Account and used it as collateral to borrow 4,000 USDT through Margin (“Liabilities of the other Stablecoins”), then converted this 4,000 USDT to USD1. The user now holds 5,000 USD1 in Margin (“USD1 Balance”) in week 1. The effective base APR is 20%, effective boosted APR is 24%, User C’s rewards due to be received at the end of week 1 will be as follows:Since Daily Open Interest < 300, User C doesn’t qualify for 1.2x bonus rewards. Qualifying Balance = MAX [5,000 - 4,000, 0] + {5,000 - MAX[5,000 - 4,000, 0] } * (1 - 70%) = 1,000 + (5,000 - 1,000) * (1 - 70%) = 2,200[(2,200 * 20% * 7) / 365] = 8.43 USD worth of WLFI Important Notes: Snapshots of user’s Open Interest will be taken at any point of time each hour to get users’ hourly Open Interest. The lowest USD1 Open Interest captured during those snapshots on each day will constitute their Daily Open Interest. If the Daily Open Interest is lower than 300 USD1 for a specific day, then for that day the user won’t receive 1.2x bonus rewards.Users’ USD1 Qualifying Balance will be calculated as net assets (assets minus liabilities). USD1 as liabilities (e.g., borrowed from VIP loans, Margin loan, etc.) will be excluded from the Qualifying Balance for this campaign. Snapshots of user balances and total qualifying balances will be taken at any point of time each hour to get users’ hourly balances in the above mentioned account categories. The lowest USD1 balance captured during those snapshots on each day will constitute their Qualifying Balance and be used to calculate their rewardsFor example, a user’s lowest USD1 balance captured on 2026-10-02 is zero, then their qualifying balance for that day is zero. At any snapshot time, any one of users’ supported assets must be greater than 0.01 USD1 to be included in the calculation.Users are recommended to maintain their USD1 holding throughout the Campaign Period to maximize their rewards. Rewards distributed are rounded down to 2 decimal places. Rewards of sub-accounts will be distributed to the Spot Account of corresponding sub-accounts. Kindly note that the distribution time is not guaranteed and may change from time to time.There is no individual cap on rewards. Users’ rewards depend on their qualifying balance relative to the total qualifying balance of all eligible users and other factors. Stay tuned for weekly reward distributions and updates on the Campaign. Terms and Conditions: Users may not be eligible for rewards if there are active restrictions on their accounts.WLFI token value for airdrop distribution will be based on the official Binance market closing price one day before the airdrop distribution day.Snapshots of user balances and total pool balances will be taken multiple times at any point of time each hour to get users’ hourly balances in the aforementioned account categories. The lowest USD1 balance captured during those snapshots on each day will constitute the user’s Qualifying Balance and be used to calculate their rewards.At any snapshot time, any one of users’ supported assets must be greater than 0.01 USD1 to be included in the calculation.Broker accounts are not eligible for this campaign. Binance reserves the right to periodically update the rules to accommodate changes in legal, regulatory, or other factors.Users must complete account verification (KYC) and also be from an eligible jurisdiction to participate in the campaign. Currently, users residing in the following countries or regions will not be able to participate in the USD1 campaign (notwithstanding that they may hold USD1): Åland Islands (Finland), Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Crimea (Ukraine – disputed territory), Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Donetsk People’s Republic, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, French Guiana, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Guadeloupe, Guernsey, Hungary, Ireland, Isle of Man, Islamic Republic of Iran, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luhansk People’s Republic, Luxembourg, Malta, Martinique, Mayotte, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Cuba, Réunion, Romania, Russian Federation, Saint Martin (French part), Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States of America and its territories.Please note that the list of excluded countries provided here is not exhaustive and may be subject to changes due to evolving local rules, regulations, or other considerations. This list may be updated periodically to accommodate changes in legal, regulatory, or other factors.For clarity, references to “USD1” in the content above are not direct acronyms of the “United States Dollar” fiat currency unless otherwise specified.Binance reserves the right to disqualify a user’s reward eligibility if the account is involved in any dishonest behavior (e.g., wash trading, illegally bulk account registrations/logins, self dealing, or market manipulation). Binance further reserves the right to disqualify any participants who tamper with Binance program code, or interfere with the operation of Binance program code with other software.Binance reserves the right at any time in its sole and absolute discretion to determine and/or amend or vary these terms and conditions without prior notice, including but not limited to canceling, extending, terminating or suspending this Promotion, the eligibility terms and criteria, the selection and number of winners, and the timing of any act to be done, and all Participants shall be bound by these amendments.Binance reserves the right to suspend any user's Margin borrowing at any time, without prior notice, in its sole discretion, if any abnormal or suspicious activity is detected.There may be discrepancies between this original content in English and any translated versions. Please refer to the original English version for the most accurate information, in case any discrepancies arise. Thank you for your support! Binance Team 2026-10-01 Trade on-the-go with Binance’s crypto trading app (iOS/Android) Find us on TelegramWhatsAppXFacebookInstagramDiscord Binance reserves the right in its sole discretion to amend or cancel this announcement at any time and for any reasons without prior notice. Disclaimer: Digital asset prices can be volatile. The value of your investment may go down or up and you may not get back the amount invested. You are solely responsible for your investment decisions and Binance is not liable for any losses you may incur. The APR is calculated weekly, and is expressed as an annualised percentage yield for illustrative purposes only. Each APR is not indicative of future results. The APR is likely to fluctuate week-to-week and the estimated rewards may differ from the actual rewards generated. APR is an estimate of rewards you will earn in cryptocurrency over the selected timeframe. It does not display the actual or predicted returns/yield in any fiat currency. Past performance is not a reliable predictor of future performance. You should only invest in products you are familiar with and where you understand the risks. You should carefully consider your investment experience, financial situation, investment objectives and risk tolerance and consult an independent financial adviser prior to making any investment. This material should not be construed as financial advice. For more information, see our Terms of Use, and our Risk Warning. To learn more about how to protect yourself, visit our Responsible Trading page.
Americké spotové Bitcoin ETF ukončily devítidenní příliv kapitálu ve výši 3,1 miliardy USD a ve středu zaznamenaly čistý odliv 148,7 milionu USD. Nejvíc odtékalo z Fidelity FBTC, zatímco BlackRock IBIT přišel o 9,5 milionu USD.
The U.S. spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds' nine-day, $3.1 billion net inflow streak came to an end on Wednesday, with a combined $148.7 million in net outflows, according to data compiled by The Block.
BlackRock's usually dominant IBIT product ended its own nine-day, $1.6 billion inflow run, with $9.5 million exiting the fund. Fidelity's FBTC led the day's net outflows with $125.6 million, followed by Bitwise's BITB with $13.6 million. The remaining funds all registered zero flows.
Spot bitcoin ETF flows. Image: The Block. The nine-day streak had marked one of the most positive runs for the bitcoin funds this year, taking cumulative flows back into positive territory for 2026.
"Here's a nice look at the lifetime cumulative flows for the Bitcoin ETFs… getting really close to a new high water mark, which is arguably astonishing given what they've been through over the past 11months," Bloomberg Senior ETF Analyst Eric Balchunas said ahead of the latest daily figures.
However, the funds remain about $5 billion away from their cumulative flow peak on Oct. 10 last year, fellow Bloomberg ETF analyst James Seyffart noted.
Cumulative flows into bitcoin ETFs. Image: Bloomberg. Overall, the U.S. spot Bitcoin ETFs have generated over $57 billion in cumulative net inflows since their debut in January 2024 and $970 million year-to-date, with over $100 billion in assets under management, per The Block's Bitcoin ETF Tracker page.
Last week, the newest Bitcoin ETF from Morgan Stanley, which launched in April this year, topped 10,000 BTC in assets under management for the first time, according to the firm's MSBT fund page.
Spot Bitcoin ETF AUM. Image: The Block. Meanwhile, U.S. spot Ethereum ETFs saw $59.6 million in net outflows on Wednesday, led by $26.6 million exiting Fidelity's FETH fund. That extends their net outflow streak to two days, following a prior seven-day, $850 million inflow streak. Total net inflows for the Ethereum funds, which launched later in July 2024, currently stand at around $14 billion.
Spot Ethereum ETF flows. Image: The Block. Bitcoin whipsaws as soft PCE cools October Fed rate hike bets Bitcoin whipsawed around the $84,000 level on Wednesday, as a softer-than-expected reading of the Federal Reserve's preferred PCE inflation gauge reduced expectations for another interest rate hike in October.
"A 0.2% monthly rise in core PCE prices is welcome news for the Fed," said Brendan Ma, head of investment strategy at the Arbitrum Foundation. "If September CPI points the same way, the pressure for an October hike eases."
Bitcoin closed positive for September, up 6.4%. It is currently trading at around $83,950 on Thursday, per The Block's (BTC) price page.
Cover image via U.Today Disclaimer: The opinions expressed by our writers are their own and do not represent the views of U.Today. The financial and market information provided on U.Today is intended for informational purposes only. U.Today is not liable for any financial losses incurred while trading cryptocurrencies. Conduct your own research by contacting financial experts before making any investment decisions. We believe that all content is accurate as of the date of publication, but certain offers mentioned may no longer be available.
Ripple has performed its scheduled monthly release of 1 billion XRP from escrow as October begins. Blockchain tracker Whale Alert reported four transactions that saw a total of 1 billion XRP unlocked from escrow.
The transactions are given as 400,000,000 XRP worth $595,636,565 at the time of unlock; 200,000,000 XRP worth $297,818,282; 300,000,000 XRP worth $446,727,424; and 100,000,000 XRP worth $148,909,141.
The release follows Ripple's established practice of unlocking XRP at the beginning of each month from its escrow accounts. While the headline figure is 1 billion XRP, the entire amount does not necessarily enter the circulating market.
Ripple has often returned a large portion (about 700 to 800 million XRP) of unlocked XRP to escrow, with the remainder used for operational purposes, ecosystem initiatives, and other activities.
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According to XRPScan data, the total XRP escrowed is given as 31,845,130,805 XRP (31.9% of supply), while the XRP circulating supply is given as 68,126,080,636 (68.1% of total supply of 100 billion XRP). A total of 14,394,279 XRP has been burned so far (0.014% of supply).
The next 24 hours will be watched to see how much Ripple returns to its escrow to get the exact amount of XRP left. For now, 31.845 billion XRP remains escrowed, down from over 32.4 billion XRP reported months back.
Ripple newsLendingProtocolV1_1 is open for validator voting. It introduces closed-ended vaults and cash-basis accounting for XRPL lending, and it must activate before the Lending Protocol and Single Asset Vault amendments can proceed.
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In a recent milestone, over 10 million x402 payments have now settled on the XRP Ledger, less than 3 months after hitting the 1 million milestone.
According to RippleX head of engineering JA Akinyele, the volume is still dominated by AI agents paying for inference and data, but a broader range of x402 services are beginning to show up across financial data, risk, credit, and other agent APIs. In addition, the latest 7-day run rate is now 500,000 payments per day'
In a major milestone, central securities depository CSD BR is recording securities ownership on a public blockchain for the first time—on the XRP Ledger. CSD BR is partnering with Ripple to bring Brazil's regulated capital markets onchain, starting with BTG Pactual fund shares secured by Ripple Custody.
XRP Ledger has processed more than 10 million x402 payments. The network now averages about 500,000 x402 payments daily. AI agents remain a major driver of automated payment activity. x402 supports payments using XRP and RLUSD for digital services. Ripple joined the x402 Foundation as a Premier Member to support protocol development. The XRP Ledger has passed 10 million x402 payments, less than three months after reaching its first million. RippleX head J. Ayo Akinyele said the network averages 500,000 x402 payments daily. He linked the rise to AI agents paying for online services.
XRP Ledger Records Rapid x402 Payment Growth The x402 protocol lets software send payments through HTTP requests. Coinbase launched the protocol in May 2026 using the HTTP 402 “Payment Required” code. Agents can pay for APIs, data, and digital services without accounts or manual approval.
We are excited to introduce x402–a new open source payments protocol built on HTTP rails.
Let’s break it down: pic.twitter.com/9PNI49NK7A
— Coinbase Developer Platform🛡️ (@CoinbaseDev) May 6, 2025
XRPL joined x402 through an implementation from t54. It supports XRP and RLUSD, while settlement usually finishes within seconds. The growth follows x402 adoption for AI agent payments, with networks connecting to the protocol.
AI Agents Drive Automated Payment Activity Akinyele said AI agents remain the source of most x402 activity on XRPL. These agents can locate services, pay for access, and continue tasks without waiting for manual approval.
The network crossed one million x402 payments within weeks of adding support in June. Activity rose after developers gained the XRPL AI Hub and AI Starter Kit. The kit lets agents send and receive XRP and RLUSD.
Low Fees Support Machine-to-Machine Payments XRPL charges a transaction fee near $0.0002, supporting frequent low-value payments. Payments settle within three to five seconds, giving automated systems a result before another task. Recent RLUSD growth across the XRP Ledger shows another payment asset gaining use on the network.
t54 said APIs and data services account for much of x402 activity. New services are appearing in financial data, credit, and risk tools. These uses give agents more options for buying digital resources directly.
Ripple Joins Wider x402 Standards Effort Ripple joined the Linux Foundation-backed x402 Foundation as a Premier Member. The group launched in July 2026 with 40 members from payments, cloud services, finance, and technology. Ripple can take part in technical and governance discussions around the protocol.
XRPL development continues beyond agent payments. Recent XRP Ledger upgrade activity includes work on features for linked transactions and other payment functions. For x402, the milestone shows automated payments now account for more network activity.
Akinyele previously said he expected XRPL to pass 10 million x402 payments quickly. He also said the network could reach 100 million over several years if AI agent use and supporting infrastructure continue to grow.
Uphold spustil Vault Inheritance pro Bitcoin, XRP a HBAR, aby držitelé mohli určit dědice svých digitálních aktiv. Po úmrtí Uphold po kontrole dokumentů schválí převod na účet dědice.
Uphold has rolled out Vault Inheritance, which is described as a legacy-planning option for customers who keep Bitcoin, XRP, and Hedera in the platform’s assisted self-custody wallet.
The company framed the product as a response to a problem unique to crypto: legal title can pass to an heir, but the cryptographic control needed to move coins often does not.
Vault itself launched in late 2023 as a 2-of-3 multisignature wallet inside the Uphold app.
Two keys belong to the user and one belongs to Uphold.
Two signatures are required to move funds, so the firm cannot unilaterally spend customer assets, while users still get help replacing a lost key and can trade without first leaving the app.
Inheritance is now layered on that structure. A holder invites a beneficiary from the Vault dashboard.
The invitee must be at least 18 and hold an Uphold account.
That person receives no view of balances, history, or addresses while the owner is alive, and the designation can be changed at any time.
After a death, the beneficiary starts a claim in the app and submits official records such as a certified death certificate or probate order.
Uphold’s compliance team reviews the paperwork.
Only after that review does the firm co-sign a transfer of Vault holdings into the beneficiary’s own Uphold wallet.
The company says the beneficiary needs no prior crypto experience.
For XRP, the ledger’s reserve rules still apply, so a small amount of XRP must remain in the account.
Nancy Beaton, Uphold’s president of consumer, said digital assets have become part of how many people build wealth, yet few simple tools exist to pass them on securely, “especially for XRP holders.”
The firm cited widely circulated estimates that millions of bitcoin—valued in the hundreds of billions of dollars—sit in wallets that are effectively unreachable because owners died or lost keys.
Those figures mix several kinds of inaccessibility and should be treated as industry estimates rather than a precise inventory.
Even so, they capture the practical gap the product is meant to close.
Vault currently supports BTC, XRP, HBAR, and a short list of XRPL tokens, with more networks planned.
Availability follows Uphold’s existing footprint, including the United Kingdom, the European Economic Area, most US states, and other supported regions.
The design is a compromise.
Users keep day-to-day control and can still move coins independently if Uphold’s systems fail.
They also accept a paid subscription and place trust in the firm to verify claims and co-sign the final transfer.
That is different from leaving seed phrases in a will or relying on a purely self-managed wallet, where a missing phrase can lock an estate out of the funds forever.
It is also different from a conventional brokerage account, where beneficiary designations are usually free and the custodian already holds the assets.
For holders who want self-custody without treating key management as a family project, Vault Inheritance is a narrower, productized path: name one adult beneficiary, keep the coins private in life, and let a documented claim, plus Uphold’s remaining key, complete the handoff after death.
Citigroup zvýšila 12měsíční cílovou cenu pro Bitcoin na 113 000 USD z 82 000 USD a pro ether na 3 028 USD z 2 240 USD. Důvodem jsou obnovené přílivy do ETF a příznivé makroekonomické podmínky.
Citigroup raised its 12-month bitcoin forecast to $113,000 from $82,000 and its ether target to $3,028 from $2,240, citing renewed exchange-traded fund inflows and favorable economic conditions.Citi expects cryptocurrency investment products to attract $5 billion over the next year as advisers and brokerages gradually increase bitcoin allocations.Bitcoin rose more than 10 percent after the Senate rejected the Clarity Act on Sept. 15, while subsequent SEC announcements and Treasury bond buybacks helped ease negative sentiment and revive the broader cryptocurrency market.Financial services giant Citigroup (C) has raised its outlook for bitcoin BTC$83 921,58 and ether ETH$2 705,54 on account of exchange-traded fund (ETF) inflows resuming and supportive macroeconomic conditions, in a note on Wednesdy.
Citi raised its 12-month forecast for bitcoin from $82,000 to $113,000 and for ether from $2,240 to $3,028. The targets represent increases for BTC and ETH of around 35% and 12% respectively based on their current prices.
Citi expects “slower but stickier” inflows into products like ETFs as advisers and brokerages favour gradual increases in bitcoin allocations, forecasting $5 billion of inflow over the next 12 months.
U.S. spot bitcoin ETFs had experienced year-to-date net outflows of $5.8 billion as of July 13. This has been reversed in the months since though, with net inflows for 2026 reaching $800 million as of late September.
Despite the U.S. Senate failing to advance the Clarity Act in the middle of last month, Citi says the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)’s subsequent rule announcements dampened negative sentiment, referring to them as “a temporary but meaningful positive.”
“At this stage of the electoral cycle stage, rulemaking clarity may substitute for a durable Clarity Act,” Citi said. “However, we see risk that a 2028 administration change could roll back agency-promulgated rules, albeit this concern lies outside our forecast horizon.”
The cryptocurrency market showed resilience in the aftermath of the Clarity Act’s rejection by the Senate on Sept. 15, with bitcoin gaining more than 10% by the end of the month.
Citi cited the U.S. Treasury’s move to buy back longer-dated bonds which revived momentum across the crypto market and helped it break out of a months-long slump of trailing other risk assets.
UPDATE (Oct. 1, 12:00 UTC): Removes Reuters attributions and adds additional detail from Citi’s note.
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Key Takeaways DogeOS introduced its public testing network on Wednesday, enabling Ethereum-compatible smart contract functionality for Dogecoin. The platform facilitates decentralized finance activities including swaps, borrowing protocols, stablecoins, betting markets, and gaming applications using test tokens. Dogecoin currently changes hands around $0.0955, representing a roughly 60% decline year-over-year. The OP_CHECKZKP Dogecoin Core enhancement proposal would enable native proof verification by miners, though it remains under development. Technical analyst Trader Tardigrade identifies a bullish pennant formation suggesting upside toward $0.124. Dogecoin maintains its position near $0.0955 while a fresh initiative seeks to expand the cryptocurrency’s functionality beyond simple transactions and speculative trading. DogeOS, a secondary protocol layer constructed atop Dogecoin’s blockchain, activated its public testing environment this Wednesday.
Dogecoin (DOGE) Price The testing network provides infrastructure for developers to create decentralized applications spanning exchange platforms, credit markets, dollar-pegged tokens, forecasting services, and entertainment products. Transaction costs are paid using testnet DOGE. The architecture maintains compatibility with Ethereum’s development ecosystem, enabling programmers to leverage existing frameworks and toolkits.
With approximately $13 billion in total market capitalization, DOGE’s circulating supply predominantly remains dormant in addresses serving storage or speculative purposes.
DogeOS Technical Architecture DogeOS functions as an independent chain that periodically commits state changes to Dogecoin’s base layer. The system employs cryptographic proofs to demonstrate computational integrity without requiring full transaction replay.
1/ DogeOS Testnet is Open to Builders!
Millions of Dogecoin holders are waiting for more things to do with DOGE.
What are you going to build for them?
Start here ↓ pic.twitter.com/L2yPs2ASU5
— DogeOS (@DogeOS) September 30, 2026
Currently, the infrastructure operates through authorized participants. A designated sequencer arranges transaction ordering, while validators working alongside secure execution environments verify proof validity. Oversight comes from an appointed Security Council.
Dogecoin miners cannot yet validate these cryptographic proofs natively. DogeOS developers have introduced OP_CHECKZKP, a proposed modification to Dogecoin Core that would grant miners direct proof verification capabilities. Initially published in July 2025 with a preliminary code submission following in December, the enhancement awaits community review and potential activation.
The DogeOS initiative originates from the developers of MyDoge, a Dogecoin wallet application. The organization secured $6.9 million in venture funding during May 2025, with Polychain Capital leading the investment round.
According to CEO Jordan Jefferson, the project addresses Dogecoin’s need for fundamental utility independent of celebrity associations.
“We’re focused on the public testnet, giving developers time to build and test applications while we validate the network,” he stated. The team has not disclosed a timeline for mainnet deployment.
Timothy Stebbing, serving as a director at the Dogecoin Foundation, expressed support for the initiative. “My hopes are that DogeOS becomes the springboard for a wave of new utility engineering, the gateway for the next 100 startups to build on Dogecoin,” he remarked.
Historical Context and Price Movement Previous initiatives pursued comparable objectives. Dogechain’s 2022 debut attracted $4.6 million in locked value within its initial days, yet current data from DeFiLlama shows protocol holdings under $300. Shibarium, developed by Shiba Inu’s contributors and launched during 2023, has experienced contraction from approximately $6.4 million in peak deposits to roughly $140,000 presently.
DogeOS distinguishes itself through official Dogecoin Foundation recognition, contrasting with Dogechain’s independent status. Additionally, the project pursues integration with Dogecoin’s mining infrastructure through the proposed protocol enhancement.
From a market perspective, analyst Trader Tardigrade published analysis on X indicating Dogecoin is “breaking out of a Bull Pennant” formation visible on the 12-hour timeframe, projecting a price objective of $0.124. This assessment emerged while DOGE fluctuated between $0.094 and $0.0955, reflecting a 60% reduction from year-ago levels.
Three Dogecoin exchange-traded funds available to U.S. investors have accumulated approximately $12 million in aggregate net capital flows across nearly ten months of operation. Bitwise’s Dogecoin ETF maintained assets below $700,000 prior to the company’s decision to discontinue the product.
