HashKey Cloud se připojil ke Stacks jako spouštěcí partner pro self-custodial Bitcoin staking a zároveň vstoupil do sítě sBTC signerů. Genesis Bond má podle Stacks začít kolem 10. září.
HashKey Cloud said on Sept. 7 that it had joined Stacks as a launch partner for self-custodial Bitcoin staking.
Summary
HashKey Cloud joined Stacks as a Genesis Bond participant and an sBTC signer operator officially. The institutional Genesis Bond is scheduled to launch around September 10, according to Stacks developers. Bonded Bitcoin remains timelocked on Bitcoin while participants pair it with locked STX tokens separately. HashKey Cloud says its staking infrastructure spans more than 40 different blockchain networks globally today. sBTC signers coordinate Bitcoin deposits and withdrawals using a threshold-based approval system collectively onchain today. The agreement gives the infrastructure provider two roles: participating in the inaugural Genesis Bond and joining the signer network securing sBTC.
HashKey Cloud operates under HashKey Holding Limited. Stacks founder Muneeb Ali presented the collaboration during the HashKey Cloud and Cactus Custody “Yield on Trust” event in Hong Kong.
The company says its node and staking infrastructure covers more than 40 blockchain networks. Stacks reported that HashKey Cloud manages about HK$29 billion in staked assets. These figures come from the companies and were not independently audited for the partnership announcement.
HashKey Cloud will participate in the first Genesis Bond HashKey Cloud will join the first institutional cohort using Stacks’ new Protocol Bond system. Stacks said in an official announcement that the Genesis Bond was expected to begin around Sept. 10.
The launch date remains an estimate. Stacks has not announced an exact activation time, final capacity or participant allocations. Technical or operational conditions could also alter the schedule.
The first cohort includes institutional participants such as digital asset manager 21Shares and UTXO Management, a subsidiary of Bitcoin treasury company Nakamoto Inc. The Genesis Bond is intended to demonstrate how institutions can earn BTC-denominated rewards without transferring their Bitcoin to a centralized custodian.
Bitcoin committed to the product remains visible on its base blockchain. The arrangement should allow observers to inspect the relevant timelock transactions without relying exclusively on reports from Stacks or participating institutions.
The phrase “Bitcoin staking” requires context. Bitcoin uses proof-of-work and does not support staking through its native consensus system. The Genesis Bond does not change Bitcoin’s consensus rules.
Stacks instead uses Proof of Transfer, commonly called PoX. Stacks miners commit BTC while competing to produce blocks. The protocol distributes part of that Bitcoin to qualifying participants as rewards.
Bitcoin remains under the holder’s keys Stacks’ PoX-5 design introduces a Protocol Bond that connects two separate commitments. The participant timelocks BTC on Bitcoin’s base layer and locks a corresponding amount of STX on Stacks.
According to the project’s technical documentation, a bond lasts 12 Stacks reward cycles, or approximately six months. The Bitcoin remains in a wallet controlled by the holder’s keys rather than moving to a centralized custodian or wrapped asset.
The participant must also lock STX through a signer-manager contract. The two positions are cryptographically associated and operate together for the bond term.
PoX-5 permits only one active staking position for each Stacks principal. A participant cannot use the same principal for an STX-only position and a Protocol Bond simultaneously. The protocol also prevents one principal from holding two concurrent bonds.
The documentation allows early withdrawal. However, participants leaving before the scheduled end of a term forfeit their remaining rewards for that cycle. Recovering the BTC principal still requires the holder’s signature.
Rewards initially accrue as sBTC. A participant may request native BTC by supplying a Bitcoin payout address, provided the selected signer manager supports base-layer withdrawals.
Native BTC settlement is not available under every configuration. If the withdrawal cannot be processed within the participant’s maximum transaction-fee setting, the payment falls back to sBTC.
As crypto.news reported, Stacks is targeting an annualized Bitcoin yield near 3% during the initial phase. The rate is a protocol target, not a guaranteed return. Actual rewards may vary with miner commitments, available capacity and network conditions.
HashKey Cloud will help secure sBTC transfers HashKey Cloud will also operate as a signer for sBTC, the Bitcoin-backed asset used within the Stacks ecosystem. Stacks previously confirmed that HashKey Cloud, Ankr and The Tie had joined the signer set.
sBTC is designed to represent BTC on Stacks at a one-to-one ratio. Users can deploy it within Stacks applications while the underlying Bitcoin remains governed by the network’s signer system.
Signers collectively authorize deposits and withdrawals between Bitcoin and Stacks. No individual signer can independently move the BTC backing sBTC.
Stacks said the system maintained a 70% approval threshold throughout the latest signer rotation. Operations such as withdrawals require approval representing at least 70% of participating signer weight.
Adding HashKey Cloud brings an Asia-based infrastructure provider into the signer group. Stacks described the expansion as improving institutional access and distributing operating responsibility across additional companies and regions.
Those benefits remain Stacks’ assessment. A larger signer set does not remove every technical or governance risk associated with sBTC.
Users still depend on enough signers remaining available and following the protocol correctly. Software failures, signer outages or coordination problems could delay deposits and withdrawals. Smart-contract faults could also affect services built around sBTC.
Self-custody reduces exposure to a single custodian, but it does not eliminate risks arising from Stacks contracts, wallet software, signer managers or the sBTC system.
Genesis Bond access will remain limited initially Stacks plans to introduce Protocol Bonds in stages. Initial Genesis Bond access focuses on institutions and professional market participants rather than unrestricted retail participation.
The project’s staking guidance says bond capacity will be allocated to approved partners during the bootstrap phase. Some capacity may become available through selected pooling providers.
Wallet compatibility is another requirement. Leather and Xverse support PoX-5 functions, while Ledger users need Stacks application version 0.26.15 or later for transactions carrying the new spending conditions.
Participants must also consider the prepare phase at the end of each reward cycle. During the final 100 Bitcoin blocks, the protocol rejects new staking transactions, position updates and withdrawal requests.
HashKey Cloud has not disclosed how much BTC or STX it plans to commit. The company also has not published participation fees, customer eligibility requirements or a list of supported jurisdictions.
Its announcement cautioned that Bitcoin staking services may be unavailable in some regions because of local laws. HashKey Cloud did not guarantee any investment return.
The Genesis Bond’s expected launch is the next event to watch. Confirmation of the activation time, committed Bitcoin, participating institutions and available capacity would provide the first measurable evidence of demand for the product.
Xverse spustil Bitcoin staking přes sBTC na Stacks 7. září ve své self-custodial peněžence verze 2.9. Uživatelé mohou získávat odměny v BTC s cílem kolem 3 % ročně.
Xverse launched Bitcoin staking through sBTC on Stacks on Sept. 7, making the feature available in version 2.9 of its self-custodial wallet. In its official launch announcement, Xverse said users can put existing bitcoin to work and receive additional bitcoin through the fee-efficient sBTC representation on Stacks.
The product does not lock native BTC directly on the Bitcoin base layer. Xverse’s technical overview says participants use sBTC, which is backed one-for-one by bitcoin held through the Stacks signer system, and pair it with STX. That structure introduces different risks from simply holding BTC in a wallet.
Staking pairs sBTC with a smaller STX position A position combines sBTC with STX worth roughly 5% of the deposited sBTC, according to Xverse. The STX is neither a fee nor collateral; it establishes eligibility and links the position to a Stacks identity. The bitcoin-denominated rewards accrue to the sBTC side rather than the STX balance.
Xverse said users can obtain an STX shortfall inside the staking flow. Each participant receives one position per bond and may add sBTC or STX before the bond begins. Once it is active, the position remains fixed unless the user withdraws the sBTC or waits for maturity.
Rewards target about 3% but can vary The protocol targets an annual percentage yield of roughly 3%, with distributions arriving in sBTC about once every two weeks. The realized return depends on the bitcoin committed by Stacks miners and the amount deposited alongside it, so the target is not a guaranteed rate.
Each bond runs for six months. Before registration, users can withdraw both assets. After a bond starts, sBTC can be removed early, but the paired STX remains locked until maturity. Xverse also warns that the staking contracts are new and that sBTC depends on its signer set and continued peg to bitcoin.
The launch opens retail access to the Genesis Bond Xverse’s rollout gives wallet users pooled access to the Stacks Genesis Bond without meeting a large standalone minimum. BlockchainReporter previously reported that 21Shares joined the same Bitcoin staking program as an institutional participant. The two developments involve different access channels: 21Shares supplied capital to the bond, while Xverse now offers a wallet interface for individual positions.
The Genesis Bond is scheduled to begin near Bitcoin block 966,350, which Xverse estimated around Sept. 10 in Stacks reward cycle 143. The precise timing remains block-dependent. Later bonds are expected to open roughly monthly, but available capacity and deposit windows may close before a scheduled start.
AUTHOR
Jide Idowu is a skilled freelance writer with expertise in blockchain technology, cryptocurrency, and digital finance. Known for his ability to break down complex topics into clear, engaging content, Jide crafts articles, blog posts, and analyses that resonate with both beginners and seasoned professionals. His work spans a wide range of subjects, from emerging crypto trends to in-depth explorations of blockchain innovations. With a keen eye for detail and a passion for educating readers, Jide is a reliable voice in the rapidly evolving world of digital assets.
Stacks chce spustit samoobslužný Bitcoin staking s cílovým výnosem asi 3 % ročně v BTC. Projekt má z BTC udělat produktivní kapitál pro lending, trading a další onchain finance.
Bitcoin has become one of the world’s largest pools of digital capital, yet only a small fraction participates in onchain financial activity.
Summary
Stacks plans to use self-custodial Bitcoin Staking as an entry point for BTC holders, targeting roughly 3% annualized rewards paid in Bitcoin. Its roadmap moves from attracting Bitcoin capital to scaling network infrastructure and expanding into lending, trading, perpetual markets and programmable BTC. StackingDAO, Bitflow, Zest Protocol and Hermetica are developing liquid staking, trading, credit and yield products that could give staked and Bitcoin-linked capital more uses across the ecosystem. Other crypto ecosystems built large economies around staking, lending and decentralized trading. Bitcoin, by comparison, still lacks a universally accepted home where holders can put BTC to work without taking on custody, bridge or foreign-chain risks.
That is the problem Bitcoin-native finance is trying to solve.
The term describes a financial system built around Bitcoin as the productive asset, with services such as staking, lending, borrowing and trading anchored to Bitcoin rather than requiring holders to move their wealth into another blockchain economy. Stacks is pursuing that model through a 2026 roadmap built around three connected stages: attract Bitcoin capital with self-custodial yield, scale the infrastructure needed to support greater activity, then expand the financial applications available to that capital.
The official roadmap is currently presented as a 2026 plan rather than a formal roadmap extending through 2030. Its direction, however, describes a longer-term effort to build lending, trading, programmable capital and other financial services around Bitcoin. The central question for the coming years is whether Stacks can turn that roadmap into the ecosystem where BTC holders move from passive ownership to active financial use.
Bitcoin Staking could become the entry point for idle BTC Many Bitcoin projects have tried to make BTC productive, but each approach introduces different trade-offs.
Core already offers self-custodial Bitcoin staking using Bitcoin’s CheckLockTimeVerify timelocks, but rewards are paid in CORE. Babylon also keeps staked BTC native to Bitcoin, but its security model includes slashing, meaning delegated BTC can face penalties if protocol security conditions are violated.
Stacks is proposing a different combination. Under its Bitcoin Staking design, participants create a protocol bond by locking BTC on Bitcoin Layer 1 and pairing it with STX worth approximately 5% of the BTC position. The BTC remains under the participant’s keys, while the paired STX secures access to staking capacity. The current target yield is approximately 3% annualized and paid in Bitcoin.
The source of that yield is Proof of Transfer, or PoX, the consensus mechanism Stacks has operated since January 2021. Stacks miners commit BTC as they compete to produce blocks and receive STX rewards. The BTC committed by miners then flows to eligible participants. Stacks says the mechanism has distributed more than 4,200 BTC since launch.
That gives the planned product an economic structure different from staking systems funded entirely through new token issuance. The reward pool comes from BTC spent by miners as part of Stacks block production rather than from creating a new reward token or lending participants’ Bitcoin to borrowers.
The product is not yet established at scale. As of July 16, 2026, PoX-5 was operating on a private testnet with integration partners testing bonding, reward distribution and exits ahead of a public testnet and potential mainnet activation. Mainnet still depends on the Stacks governance process and successful testing.
That distinction matters. Bitcoin Staking could become the top of the Stacks capital funnel, but the thesis remains dependent on execution.
The roadmap moves from capital to infrastructure and finance Attracting BTC is only the first step. A Bitcoin-native financial system also needs enough performance, liquidity and application depth to give holders reasons to keep using their capital after earning an initial yield.
The Stacks roadmap organizes that process into three phases. Bitcoin Staking anchors capital. Infrastructure improvements prepare the network for greater DeFi and automated activity. The final phase expands Bitcoin-native finance across lending, trading and programmable capital. The workstreams are progressing concurrently rather than waiting for each previous phase to finish.
On performance, Stacks core developers are targeting a 100-fold improvement in throughput through efforts including Clarity Wasm. The roadmap also calls for continued core improvements and optimization of the sBTC bridge. Stacks has separately set a goal of supporting up to 10,000 active AI agents as programmable financial activity grows.
The longer-term financial layer includes self-custodial Bitcoin lending, trading, perpetual markets and programmable BTC that software agents can use. The roadmap also explores allowing sBTC to pay transaction fees, which could reduce the need for users or automated agents to acquire a separate gas asset before interacting with applications.
For institutions and large Bitcoin holders, that combination matters because yield alone may not justify moving substantial capital into a new financial environment.
StackingDAO, Bitflow, Zest and Hermetica build the next layer The wider Stacks ecosystem is already assembling several of the financial primitives needed to move BTC beyond a single staking product.
StackingDAO provides the liquid staking layer. It currently operates liquid Stacking products for STX and has outlined plans for a Bitcoin liquid staking token as Bitcoin Staking develops. A BTC liquid staking token, or BTC LST, would represent an underlying yield-producing Bitcoin position while remaining usable elsewhere in DeFi.
The role is comparable in structure to the function liquid staking tokens serve in Ethereum’s DeFi economy. Without a liquid representation, staked capital remains harder to use elsewhere. With one, the same economic position can potentially provide liquidity, serve as collateral or participate in additional financial strategies.
Bitflow supplies another necessary piece: markets where Bitcoin-linked assets can trade and find liquidity.
The protocol operates a decentralized exchange and aggregator on Stacks and has introduced HODLMM, a concentrated-liquidity engine designed for more capital-efficient markets. A future BTC LST would need liquid trading venues to maintain an effective market and provide holders with practical entry and exit routes.
Zest Protocol adds credit markets. Its existing Stacks market allows users to lend Bitcoin-linked assets and borrow against collateral, while its planned Bitcoin Collateral Vaults aim to let users borrow stablecoins against BTC without moving their Bitcoin off Layer 1. Zest says those vaults are scheduled to launch in 2026 and are designed around self-custodial Bitcoin collateral rather than a conventional wrapped-BTC structure.
Hermetica provides yield products and a Bitcoin-linked monetary layer through hBTC and USDh. The hBTC vault deploys BTC exposure into onchain strategies including lending, staking and basis strategies, with realized profits accounted for in Bitcoin terms. Hermetica describes the product as redeemable for native BTC, while its current documentation shows that withdrawals remain subject to protocol cooldowns and Bitcoin settlement times.
Its USDh product provides a Bitcoin-backed synthetic dollar that can serve as a stable asset within the same financial environment. Hermetica’s hBTC documentation describes a strategy that can use BTC-linked collateral in lending markets and deploy borrowed stablecoins into additional yield opportunities, connecting Bitcoin collateral, credit and stable liquidity within one system.
Together, these protocols illustrate what comes after Bitcoin Staking.
From Bitcoin yield to a Bitcoin-native financial economy Ethereum and Solana showed how staking can become more than a standalone yield product. Once users begin earning on an asset, demand can develop for liquid staking, collateral markets, decentralized exchanges and structured strategies that make the staked capital more useful.
Stacks is attempting to build a similar progression around Bitcoin without simply copying another chain’s security and custody model.
Its strategy starts with a product designed to keep BTC on Bitcoin L1 while generating BTC-denominated rewards. The roadmap then connects that capital to faster infrastructure and an ecosystem spanning liquid staking, trading, credit and yield products.
Bitcoin-native finance will not be defined by one staking product. It will be defined by whether Bitcoin can function as productive capital across staking, lending, liquidity and programmable applications without forcing holders to abandon the properties that made them choose Bitcoin in the first place.
Stacks is building toward that outcome. Bitcoin Staking is intended to open the door. The ecosystem developing behind it will determine how far the capital travels once it enters.
FAQ How is Stacks Bitcoin Staking different from other self-custodial options? Stacks’ proposed design combines three features: rewards denominated in BTC, no protocol-level slashing of Bitcoin principal and an early exit mechanism that returns BTC while forfeiting remaining rewards. Core also offers self-custodial staking but pays rewards in CORE, while Babylon’s security model includes BTC slashing. Stacks Bitcoin Staking remains in testing and has not yet established a mainnet operating record.
What is Bitcoin-native finance? Bitcoin-native finance is a financial ecosystem where Bitcoin serves as the productive asset across activities such as staking, lending, borrowing, trading and structured strategies, with infrastructure anchored to Bitcoin rather than requiring holders to move entirely into another blockchain economy.
How does Bitcoin Staking on Stacks work? The current design requires participants to lock BTC on Bitcoin L1 and pair it with STX worth approximately 5% of the BTC position. The two assets form a protocol bond. BTC committed by Stacks miners through Proof of Transfer funds Bitcoin-denominated rewards, with a current target of approximately 3% annualized yield during the planned bootstrap phase.
What is a Bitcoin liquid staking token? A Bitcoin liquid staking token represents an underlying staked or yield-producing BTC position while remaining transferable and potentially usable in DeFi. It can allow holders to maintain exposure to staking rewards while using the liquid token for trading, liquidity or collateral. StackingDAO has outlined plans to develop a BTC LST as Bitcoin Staking on Stacks develops.
21Shares se připojuje k Genesis Bond na Stacks a bude stakovat vlastní bitcoinové treasury držby. Program se spouští 10. září a má ukázat Bitcoin Staking pro instituce; první bonding perioda má začít v říjnu.
21Shares, the digital asset manager behind the world’s largest suite of cryptocurrency exchange-traded products, is joining the Stacks Genesis Bond, the inaugural institutional cohort for Bitcoin Staking on Stacks. The firm’s announcement on September 3 said it will stake its own Bitcoin treasury holdings through the bond ahead of its September 10 launch.
An Institutional Test for Bitcoin Staking The Genesis Bond is designed to demonstrate Bitcoin Staking end-to-end with institutional participants and infrastructure providers before the mechanism opens more broadly. 21Shares oversees more than $6.5 billion in assets under management across more than 60 crypto ETPs globally, and its participation links Bitcoin-native yield to the traditional investment ecosystem.
By committing its treasury, the manager is not simply observing the rollout. It will participate directly in Bitcoin Staking on Stacks, a move that frames the bond as a working proof for how institutions can put idle Bitcoin to use while retaining control of the underlying asset.
How the Genesis Bond Works Bitcoin Staking lets holders earn rewards paid in Bitcoin while their Bitcoin remains on the Bitcoin blockchain. In the bond structure, participating Bitcoin is locked for a fixed term with an early exit option, and the full amount is returned when the term ends. Holders do not need to move their Bitcoin to another network or hand it to a third party to earn rewards.
The first Stacks Genesis Bond bonding period is expected to begin in October, following the September 10 launch of the bond itself. Until then the program remains a demonstration for institutions and professional investors rather than a broadly available product, and the mechanics are being tested in a controlled setting before wider rollout.
Productive Bitcoin Gains Institutional Traction Interest in productive Bitcoin has been building across the Stacks ecosystem, with liquid staking providers such as Stacking DAO preparing stBTC for the same upcoming release. 21Shares’ participation adds a large, regulated asset manager to that institutional push.
The company did not disclose the size of the Bitcoin stake it will commit or the yield it expects. Those details, along with the full roster of the Genesis cohort, remain to be confirmed as the launch approaches.
AUTHOR
Mushumir Butt is a seasoned crypto journalist with over three years of experience reporting on the world of blockchain and cryptocurrency. At Blockchain Reporter, he delivers insightful news, in‐depth project reviews, and precise price analysis and predictions. With a strong background in SEO and digital marketing, Mushumir excels at breaking down complex trends into clear, accessible content, ensuring readers stay ahead in the fast‐paced crypto space.
Stacks naznačuje, že tento týden přidá dalšího institucionálního účastníka do Bitcoin staking programu se STX. Navazuje tak na upgrade PoX-5 a prvního institucionálního stakera UTXO Management.
Stacks is teasing another institutional participant joining its Bitcoin staking program this week, building on momentum from a protocol upgrade that lets big players earn yield on BTC without ever giving up custody of their coins.
The announcement, shared on social media, follows the platform’s PoX-5 upgrade that went live on July 29, 2026, and the onboarding of UTXO Management as the inaugural institutional staker back in late May. With a Genesis Bond launch expected in late August, Stacks appears to be stacking up commitments at a deliberate pace.
How Bitcoin staking on Stacks actually works Bitcoin holders lock their BTC on Layer 1 using a timelock script, meaning the coins never leave the Bitcoin blockchain. They then pair that locked Bitcoin with a small amount of STX, Stacks’ native token, creating what the protocol calls a “protocol bond.” The Bitcoin stays under the holder’s control the entire time.
The yield target sits at roughly 3% APY in BTC, paid out over six-month periods. That return comes from miner bids through the Proof-of-Transfer mechanism, not from lending or rehypothecation. The initial institutional capacity has been capped at approximately 3,000 BTC during what Stacks calls a “managed bootstrap phase.”
The PoX-5 upgrade and institutional infrastructure The PoX-5 hard fork passed its governance vote with over 99.99% approval in July 2026. The upgrade was codified through two Stacks Improvement Proposals, SIP-044 and SIP-045, and activated on July 29 to coincide with a Bitcoin block milestone.
Stacks integrated with Fireblocks in June 2026 to handle institutional custody requirements. UTXO Management, the asset management arm of Nakamoto Inc., became the first institution to commit BTC to the program on May 28, 2026, locking a portion of its Bitcoin holdings while keeping them on Layer 1.
Why institutions care about BTC-denominated yield The Genesis Bond, expected to launch in late August 2026, will serve as the first formal institutional Bitcoin bonding event on the platform, giving institutions a clear entry point with defined terms.
The cadence of announcements — one inaugural staker in May, infrastructure integrations in June, a protocol upgrade in July, and now a second institution ahead of the Genesis Bond in August — suggests Stacks is executing a deliberately sequenced rollout designed to build confidence before scaling up.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Editorial Team. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Ankr byl přidán do sBTC signer setu na Stacks, kde pomáhá schvalovat a zabezpečovat transakce s sBTC navázanému na Bitcoin. Skupina nyní zahrnuje 14 operátorů a k potvrzení transakcí je potřeba alespoň 10 podpisů.
Ankr, the decentralized infrastructure provider, has been added to the sBTC signer set on Stacks, joining a small group of operators tasked with validating and securing Bitcoin-pegged transactions on the Layer 2 network.
For those unfamiliar with the setup: sBTC is a token on Stacks that’s pegged 1:1 to Bitcoin. The signer set is the group of operators who collectively approve the minting and movement of sBTC, functioning like a multi-signature committee that keeps the peg honest.
How the signer model works The initial sBTC signer set launched with 14 operators after one original nominee withdrew before go-live. Transactions require approval from at least 10 of those 14 signers, a threshold designed to balance security with operational efficiency.
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Signers aren’t chosen at random. Operators must meet strict criteria around uptime, geographic diversity, and technical capability.
sBTC deposits went live on mainnet on December 17, 2024, with withdrawal functionality expected to follow in March 2025.
What Ankr brings to the table Ankr operates a Bitcoin Secured Infrastructure platform that provides RPC services, validator solutions, and customizable tooling aimed at Bitcoin-related protocols.
“We’re thrilled to support Stacks and sBTC to build Bitcoin’s future.”
That’s Ankr Co-Founder and CEO Chandler Song, who framed the partnership as part of a broader push to extend Bitcoin’s utility beyond simple value transfer.
Ankr’s participation aligns with the Stacks Foundation’s “Best and the Brightest” campaign, an initiative that highlights key institutional supporters of sBTC.
The bigger picture for Bitcoin DeFi The sBTC signer model is designed to evolve over time. The current structure is intended as a stepping stone toward a more permissionless system, with plans to integrate signer selection with Stacks’ Proof of Transfer consensus mechanism, which itself is anchored to Bitcoin’s own blockchain.
Broader rotations within the sBTC signer set have been noted over time, with other institutional participants cycling in and out.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Editorial Team. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
There is a phrase that gets thrown around a lot in crypto: “secured by Bitcoin.” Stacks is now making a more specific, more verifiable claim: every transaction on its network settles with the same finality as a Bitcoin block, because it is literally anchored to one.
That is the functional output of the Nakamoto upgrade, a hard fork that activated on the Stacks network in late October 2024, around Bitcoin block 867,867. Since then, reversing a confirmed Stacks transaction requires reorging Bitcoin itself.
What the Nakamoto upgrade actually changed Before Nakamoto, Stacks processed transactions in its own block cadence, loosely coupled to Bitcoin but not bound to it at the state level. The upgrade restructured how Stacks organizes block production, tying each block tenure directly to a Bitcoin block.
The mechanics work like this: Stacks miners commit to a block at Bitcoin block N, and the state from that block gets written to Bitcoin at N+1. Once that next Bitcoin block arrives, all Stacks miners are required to build on that same chain tip. There is no fork path that bypasses Bitcoin’s ledger.
The result is what the Stacks ecosystem describes as 100% Bitcoin finality. Not probabilistic finality, not optimistic finality with a challenge window, but the same irreversibility guarantee that makes Bitcoin the benchmark for settlement in the first place.
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Stacks runs on a Proof-of-Transfer consensus model, where miners bid Bitcoin to earn the right to produce Stacks blocks. The Nakamoto upgrade extended that connection to the ledger level, so security and state settlement are now both rooted in Bitcoin’s chain.
Smart contracts on Stacks are written in Clarity, a decidable language that does not compile to bytecode, meaning the contract behavior can be fully analyzed before execution.
sBTC and what finality enables in practice The Nakamoto upgrade was the foundation. sBTC, which launched on mainnet in December 2024, is one of the first major products built on top of it.
sBTC is a Bitcoin-backed asset that lives on Stacks and inherits the same finality guarantee. It allows Bitcoin holders to move value into Stacks-based applications, including DeFi protocols and yield products, without wrapping through a centralized custodian or a bridging mechanism that introduces its own trust assumptions.
The finality guarantee matters here because it closes a specific attack surface. With weaker finality models, a sufficiently motivated adversary could in theory reverse a transaction after a user has already received funds on the other side of a bridge. On post-Nakamoto Stacks, that scenario requires the attacker to also reorg Bitcoin, which raises the cost of an attack to the level where it becomes economically irrational.
Bitcoin staking products are also part of the post-Nakamoto landscape, with users able to lock STX and earn Bitcoin yield through the Proof-of-Transfer mechanism. Those positions also sit under the same finality umbrella, meaning the staking records themselves carry the same settlement weight as any other confirmed Stacks transaction.
Where this lands in the competitive landscape There are several approaches to adding programmability near Bitcoin. Some use sidechains with federated or threshold multisig bridges. Some use rollup architectures that post state roots to Bitcoin but require sequencer trust in the interim. Some use payment channel networks optimized for specific use cases rather than general computation.
Stacks’ post-Nakamoto position is distinctive because the finality claim is not conditional. There is no “assuming the bridge operators are honest” caveat, no “after the challenge period” asterisk. The settlement guarantee derives from Bitcoin’s own block production.
Block times on Stacks are tied to Bitcoin’s roughly ten-minute cadence for tenure boundaries, though block production within a tenure is faster post-Nakamoto than it was before the upgrade.
STX, the native token used for transaction fees and staking, sits at the center of the economic model. Demand for block space on Stacks, which grows as more applications and assets settle through the network, feeds directly into demand for STX.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Editorial Team. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Stacks spustí Bitcoin staking zhruba za 19 dní po aktivaci hardforku PoX-5 na mainnetu kolem 29. července 2026. BTC zůstane v self-custody a první výnos má být asi 3 % ročně.
Bitcoin staking through Stacks is set to go live in about 19 days. The PoX-5 hardfork, scheduled to activate on the Stacks mainnet around July 29, 2026, will lay the technical groundwork for BTC holders to earn yield directly on their holdings without giving up custody of their coins.
How Bitcoin staking on Stacks actually works The system relies on Stacks’ Proof of Transfer (PoX) consensus mechanism, which has been operational since 2021. Under the new staking framework, participants lock BTC on Bitcoin’s layer 1 alongside STX tokens to form what Stacks calls “bonds.” Those bonds generate BTC rewards at an initial annual percentage yield of roughly 3%.
The BTC stays on Bitcoin’s base layer under your own custody, while the STX component ties the staking activity into the Stacks network’s economics. Neither asset needs to be wrapped, bridged to another chain, or deposited into a smart contract controlled by someone else.
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Previous iterations of this concept have already shown meaningful traction. Dual Stacking with sBTC, an earlier offering from the Stacks ecosystem, attracted over $100 million in user participation and facilitated substantial BTC payouts.
The rollout timeline and what comes next The July 29 hardfork is just the first domino. After PoX-5 activates, the next major milestone is the inaugural Genesis Bond event, scheduled for late August 2026. That event will mark the practical launch of the staking system, giving users their first opportunity to form bonds and begin earning rewards.
Stacks has been running the upgrade through public testnet phases and conducting thorough audits ahead of the mainnet activation. September 2026 carries additional milestones for Q3, though the Genesis Bond event in August represents the moment when the system transitions from theoretical to functional for real users with real capital.
Institutional interest and market positioning Institutional integrations are already underway, with partners like Fireblocks and UTXO Management involved from early phases of the rollout. Fireblocks is one of the most widely used institutional custody and settlement platforms in crypto. UTXO Management is a digital asset investment firm focused on the Bitcoin ecosystem.
The requirement to hold STX alongside BTC creates an interesting dynamic for Stacks’ native token. Every participant who wants to stake Bitcoin through this system also needs exposure to STX. The over $100 million that flowed into the earlier Dual Stacking program suggests there is genuine appetite for Bitcoin yield products within the Stacks community.
Competing yield products on Bitcoin typically involve either lending platforms, which carry counterparty risk, or wrapped Bitcoin on other chains, which introduces bridge risk. Stacks’ self-custodial approach sidesteps both of those concerns. The roughly 3% initial yield is lower than what some DeFi lending protocols offer on wrapped BTC, but comes with a fundamentally different risk profile.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Editorial Team. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Stacks zveřejnil svůj report Token Transparency Framework na terminálech Bloomberg v rámci standardizovaného rámce Blockworks. Tím se jeho governance a finanční data dostávají k více než 350 000 finančních profesionálů.
Stacks, the Bitcoin Layer 2 protocol, just landed its Token Transparency Framework report on Bloomberg Terminals. The filing, part of Blockworks’ standardized disclosure initiative, puts the project’s governance and financial data in front of more than 350,000 financial professionals who use Bloomberg daily.
What the Token Transparency Framework actually does Blockworks launched the Token Transparency Framework on June 18, 2025, as an open-source set of disclosure standards for onchain projects. Think of it as crypto’s attempt to build its own version of SEC filings, minus the SEC.
The framework asks participating protocols to report on several categories: quarterly financial disclosures, value accrual mechanisms, segmented revenue reports, and whether they maintain an investor relations hub.
As of August 18, 2026, the TTF page listed 111 total disclosures, with 93 of those marked as current. That translates to roughly a 9% adoption rate among tracked protocols.
Adoption has been heavily skewed toward Solana-based DeFi projects so far, which makes Stacks’ participation as a Bitcoin L2 somewhat distinctive. The protocol enables smart contracts and applications on Bitcoin’s base layer using its native token STX, occupying a different architectural niche than most of the projects already filing under TTF.
Why Bloomberg distribution matters Bloomberg Terminals remain the dominant information system in institutional finance. Portfolio managers, analysts, and traders across banks, hedge funds, and asset managers rely on them for real-time data and research. When crypto disclosures appear in that environment, they’re no longer sitting behind a protocol’s own website or a niche analytics dashboard. They’re living alongside earnings reports, bond pricing, and macroeconomic indicators.
Blockworks’ framework is essentially trying to translate crypto-native information into a format that institutional investors already know how to read. Adding Bloomberg distribution closes the last-mile problem: the data isn’t just standardized, it’s delivered to the desks where allocation decisions get made.
The broader transparency push in crypto The TTF’s 9% adoption rate among tracked protocols suggests the industry is still in early innings. The framework’s reporting categories address some of the most common institutional concerns about token investments. Value accrual mechanisms answer a fundamental question that traditional investors ask about any asset: where does the money come from, and how does it flow to token holders? Segmented revenue reports break down income sources, making it harder for projects to hide behind aggregate numbers that obscure whether actual economic activity supports the token’s valuation.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Editorial Team. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Stacks oznámil, že za 24 dní spustí Genesis Bond, nový self-custodial mechanismus pro výnos z bitcoinů pro institucionální investory. Výnos poběží přes jeho systém Proof of Transfer, který už rozdělil více než 4 200 BTC.
Stacks, a Bitcoin Layer-2 project, announced the launch of its Genesis Bond, a self-custodial Bitcoin yield mechanism, set to go live in 24 days. This new product aims to offer institutional investors a way to earn yield on Bitcoin while maintaining custody of their assets on Bitcoin Layer 1. The yield is generated through Stacks’ existing Proof of Transfer system, which has already distributed over 4,200 BTC to stakers since its inception. The announcement highlights a growing institutional interest in Bitcoin staking applications, potentially marking a significant development in the cryptocurrency’s use case for institutional stakeholders.
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Key Takeaways Markets appear to interpret the Genesis Bond launch as a positive development for Bitcoin, suggesting increased institutional interest. The self-custodial feature of the Genesis Bond indicates a focus on security and control for Bitcoin holders. The new product could indicate a broader acceptance of Bitcoin-denominated yield mechanisms within institutional finance. What to Watch Observers should monitor the impact of this launch on Bitcoin’s price, particularly if institutional participation materializes as expected. Key indicators include potential announcements from major financial institutions regarding their involvement with the Genesis Bond. Additionally, any regulatory responses from entities like the SEC or Commodity Futures Trading Commission could influence market sentiment and the broader acceptance of Bitcoin yield products.
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Term Structure
Contract Odds Δ since publish Volume 24h August 17 2026 99.9% — — View market → August 17 2026 99.9% — — View market → August 17 2026 99.9% — — View market → August 17 2026 99.9% — — View market → August 17 2026 0.1% — — View market → August 17 2026 0.1% — — View market → August 17 2026 13% — — View market → August 17 2026 99.9% — — View market → August 17 2026 0.1% — — View market →
Stacks spouští Genesis Bond, nový on-chain nástroj pro výnos v bitcoinech bez bridge či wrapperů. Zápis začne 10. září 2026 při bloku 966 350 a první fáze cílí na 100 až 200 BTC pro instituce a účastníky na whitelistu.
Stacks is rolling out what it calls the Genesis Bond, a new on-chain instrument that lets participants earn Bitcoin-denominated yield while keeping their BTC firmly planted on Bitcoin’s base layer. Enrollment opens September 10, 2026, at Bitcoin block 966,350.
Instead of locking your BTC into a bridge, wrapper, or some third-party custody arrangement, the Genesis Bond lets holders pair STX tokens with BTC and earn yield generated through Stacks’ Proof of Transfer consensus mechanism. The BTC never leaves layer 1.
How the Genesis Bond actually works The Genesis Bond is the inaugural product in Stacks’ broader Bitcoin Staking framework. The yield comes from miner bids through Proof of Transfer, or PoX, the consensus mechanism that underpins the Stacks network.
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In PoX, miners spend BTC to participate in block production on Stacks. That spent BTC gets distributed to participants who are stacking their STX tokens. The Genesis Bond extends this model by creating a formal pairing mechanism between STX and BTC, giving both tokens a defined role in the yield equation.
The initial phase is deliberately small. Stacks is targeting 100 to 200 BTC in total allocation, with participation limited to institutional and whitelisted participants.
The PoX-5 hard fork set the stage The Genesis Bond follows the PoX-5 hard fork, which activated around July 29, 2026, and laid the technical groundwork for Bitcoin Staking on Stacks.
The timeline shifted slightly from earlier expectations. Initial community consensus pointed to a late-August launch, but the team settled on the September 10 date tied to block 966,350.
Why institutions are paying attention The Genesis Bond takes a different approach by keeping BTC on the Bitcoin base layer. There’s no wrapping, no bridging, no handing your keys to a third party. The yield comes from a transparent, on-chain source: miners competing to produce Stacks blocks.
The 100 to 200 BTC cap in the initial phase suggests Stacks is courting a small group of sophisticated participants who can provide meaningful technical and operational feedback before the mechanism is opened to wider audiences.
What this means for the broader market For STX token holders, the Genesis Bond creates direct utility. Pairing STX with BTC in the bonding mechanism gives the token a functional role in yield generation, which is a different value proposition than pure governance or speculative upside.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Editorial Team. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Granite Protocol byl zalistován na Borrow on Bitcoin. Na Stacks mohou uživatelé vložit sBTC jako zástavu a půjčit si USDCx s proměnlivou úrokovou sazbou 1,66 % APR.
Granite Protocol has been listed on Borrow on Bitcoin, adding another lending route for users who want to put Bitcoin-linked collateral to work without leaving the broader Bitcoin DeFi stack.
The listing centers on Granite’s Stacks-based lending market, where users can deposit sBTC collateral and borrow USDCx. The validated notes point to a variable borrow rate of 1.66% APR, along with features including isolated pools, soft liquidations, and no rehypothecation of user collateral.
The product is not available in the US, and that limitation matters.
Still, the listing is another sign that Bitcoin DeFi is becoming more specific. Instead of broad claims that Bitcoin can support DeFi one day, the market is now seeing comparison pages, lending markets, collateral routes, and user-facing products built around BTC-linked assets.
That does not mean Bitcoin DeFi has gone mainstream. It means the infrastructure is becoming easier to evaluate.
For more details, visit the official Granite platform.
TL;DR Granite Protocol has been listed on Borrow on Bitcoin. Users can deposit sBTC collateral on Stacks to borrow USDCx. The integration is a useful Bitcoin DeFi signal, but it should not be overstated as broad adoption. Bitcoin DeFi Needs Practical Products Bitcoin DeFi has always had a slightly awkward pitch.
Bitcoin is the largest crypto asset and the strongest store-of-value brand in the market, but most DeFi activity historically happened elsewhere. Ethereum, Solana, BNB Chain, and newer Layer 2 ecosystems built the lending markets, DEXs, stablecoin systems, yield protocols, and composable financial apps.
Bitcoin had the capital. Other chains had the app layer.
Stacks has been one of the ecosystems trying to close that gap by giving Bitcoin holders more ways to interact with DeFi-style products while keeping the narrative tied to BTC.
Granite’s Borrow on Bitcoin listing fits that direction.
It gives users another way to compare borrowing options, collateral terms, and risk models in a Bitcoin-linked environment.
The 1.66% APR Detail Gets Attention A 1.66% variable borrow rate is the kind of number that immediately attracts attention, especially if traders compare it with higher borrowing costs in other markets.
But the rate should be treated carefully.
Borrow rates can change. They depend on utilization, available liquidity, risk parameters, market demand, and protocol design. A low advertised rate is useful, but it is not a guarantee that conditions will remain the same.
The more important point is that Bitcoin DeFi products are starting to compete on familiar lending-market terms.
Users can ask practical questions: What collateral do I deposit? What stablecoin can I borrow? What happens in liquidation? Is the pool isolated? Is collateral rehypothecated? What jurisdictions are supported? Where is the liquidity coming from?
Those are normal DeFi questions, and that is progress.
Bitcoin DeFi becomes real when users can compare products by actual risk and cost, not just by slogans.
Why Soft Liquidations Matter The soft liquidation feature is important because liquidation design shapes user experience.
In traditional DeFi lending, a sharp move against collateral can trigger liquidation. If the system is aggressive, users may lose more than expected or have little time to react. Softer liquidation mechanics are designed to reduce the shock, though the exact effect depends on protocol design.
For Bitcoin-backed borrowing, liquidation risk is one of the main barriers.
Bitcoin holders often do not want to sell BTC, but they may want liquidity. Borrowing against BTC-linked collateral offers that route, but a sudden BTC drawdown can put the position at risk.
A product that emphasizes soft liquidations is trying to make that borrowing experience less brutal.
That does not eliminate risk. It just changes how the protocol handles stress.
No Rehypothecation Is A Custody Signal Granite’s no-rehypothecation claim is also worth noting.
Rehypothecation became a dirty word after the last cycle’s lending failures, where users learned that “earn” and “borrow” products often involved hidden layers of counterparty risk. If collateral is reused, lent onward, or tied into opaque strategies, users may be exposed to risks they did not understand.
A protocol that does not rehypothecate collateral is making a clearer custody and risk claim.
That does not make the system risk-free. Smart contract risk, oracle risk, liquidity risk, liquidation risk, bridge risk, and governance risk can still exist. But it does address one of the biggest trust problems from centralized lending.
Bitcoin users are usually especially sensitive to custody assumptions, so that design detail matters.
A Small But Useful Bitcoin DeFi Step The right way to read this listing is measured.
Granite landing on Borrow on Bitcoin does not prove that Bitcoin DeFi has reached escape velocity. It does not mean BTC holders are suddenly moving in size to Stacks lending markets. It does not make Bitcoin an Ethereum-style DeFi ecosystem overnight.
But it does show continued product formation.
Comparison indexes, collateralized lending markets, stablecoin borrowing routes, and clearer risk terms are the kind of boring infrastructure that needs to exist before larger adoption becomes possible.
Bitcoin DeFi will not grow through one headline. It will grow if users find products that are cheaper, safer, clearer, and more useful than the alternatives.
Granite’s listing is one more test of whether that market is starting to form.
This article is based on Granite Protocol and Borrow on Bitcoin product materials.
This article was written by the News Desk and edited by Samuel Rae.
Stacks aktivoval hard fork PoX-5 na bloku Bitcoin 960 230 a položil tak základ pro Bitcoin Staking. Upgrade proběhl bez přerušení a síť nyní běží podle nových konsenzuálních pravidel.
Stacks today activated the PoX-5 hardfork at Bitcoin block 960,230, successfully establishing the protocol foundation for Bitcoin Staking. The network upgrade completed without interruption, with core contributors verifying the activation following post-upgrade checks. Signers, node operators, and major exchange partners, including Binance, completed their migrations ahead of activation. The network is now operating under the new PoX-5 consensus rules, with ecosystem contributors continuing their planned rollout. PoX-5 is the first of the Satoshi Upgrades, a series of protocol releases that Stacks core contributors will detail in the coming weeks.
Block production continued consistently throughout the upgrade, with signers successfully moving over to the new consensus rules without interruption. Staking pool operators are completing their migrations now and expect stakers to be able to restake well ahead of the upcoming cycle, with no staking rewards lost in the transition.
With PoX-5 now live, the protocol foundation for Bitcoin Staking is in place, enabling Bitcoin holders to earn self-custodial BTC yield through Bitcoin Bonds while preserving existing rewards for STX-only stakers. The upgrade also simplifies the staking experience by removing cooldown cycles and streamlining pooled participation, creating the infrastructure for the next phase of Bitcoin-native finance.
“PoX-5 marks the first step in anchoring Bitcoin capital to Stacks, and I’m excited to see the network successfully transition as we look ahead to the first institutional Genesis bond. PoX-5 is an important first move as we share more details on the broader vision behind the Satoshi Upgrades later in August.” Muneeb Ali, Founder, Stacks
PoX-5 introduces Bitcoin Bonds at the protocol level, letting eligible participants pair BTC held on Bitcoin Layer 1 with STX on Stacks to earn self-custodial BTC yield. Participation will begin through a phased rollout, starting with the institutional Genesis Bond. Broader access will follow through selected staking pools as capacity expands.
Additional rollout updates, network health data, and Bitcoin Staking resources will be published here as new milestones are reached.
Whether you’re restaking today or following the rollout from the sidelines, thank you for helping build the next chapter of Bitcoin on Stacks.
About Stacks
Stacks is growing Bitcoin by turning idle Bitcoin into productive capital. The network enables self-custodial Bitcoin yield and a growing ecosystem of Bitcoin-native financial applications that settle on Bitcoin. Learn more at stacks.co.
Zest Protocol spouští Stacks Vaults, novou vrstvu automatizovaných výnosových strategií nad svými lending trhy. První vault bude postaven kolem stBTC a bude automaticky skládat výnos na Bitcoinu.
George Town, Cayman Islands, July 28th, 2026, Chainwire
Zest Protocol today announces Stacks Vaults, a new vault layer built on top of its lending markets. Stacks Vaults will let users deposit a single asset into an automated strategy that manages yield on their behalf. The first Stacks Vault will be built around stBTC, the liquid staking Bitcoin token Stacking DAO introduced recently.
Stacks Vaults marks the evolution of Zest Protocol from a lending market into yield infrastructure. Until now, earning optimized yield on Stacks required actively managing positions across markets. Stacks Vaults change that: a holder deposits once, selects a strategy, and the vault handles the mechanics in the background.
The first vault will be an stBTC looping vault. A holder will deposit stBTC, and the vault will use it as collateral to borrow sBTC, stake the borrowed Bitcoin into stBTC, and repeat the process to compound yield on top of the base Bitcoin Staking rewards. The holder maintains a single position while Zest Protocol manages the strategy automatically.
“Lending markets were the foundation. Vaults are what gets built on top,” said Tycho Onnasch, Founder, Zest Protocol. “With Stacks Vaults, a holder deposits a single asset and the strategy runs itself. The stBTC looping vault is the first, and it won’t be the last. Every yield source on Stacks becomes a strategy we can automate.”
The speed of this announcement is as significant as the product itself. Bitcoin Staking creates the base yield, stBTC carries that yield into the ecosystem as a liquid asset, and Stacks Vaults will be the first infrastructure built to put it to work. Additional vaults with different assets and strategies are expected to follow, each built on the same automated foundation.
Zest Protocol is the leading Bitcoin lending protocol on Stacks, with $70M deployed across its platform and a track record of over two years serving the Bitcoin-native finance ecosystem. The ZEST token went live in May 2026 in one of the most successful token launches of the year. Zest Protocol has spent years building the lending infrastructure that Bitcoin-native finance now runs on, and Stacks Vaults is the next layer in that stack.
Stacks Vaults and the stBTC looping vault will launch alongside stBTC before Stacks Bitcoin Staking goes live. Holders will be able to deposit sBTC or stBTC directly into the vault, while Zest Protocol automatically manages the looping strategy and continuously monitors the position. More details will be available at zestprotocol.com.
About Zest Protocol
Zest Protocol is a lending protocol built for Bitcoin, giving BTC holders ways to borrow, lend, and earn yield without leaving Bitcoin-native infrastructure. Learn more at zestprotocol.com.
About Stacks
Stacks is growing Bitcoin by turning idle Bitcoin into productive capital. The network enables self-custodial Bitcoin yield and a growing ecosystem of Bitcoin-native financial applications that settle on Bitcoin. Learn more at stacks.co.
Binance potvrdila podporu nadcházejícího hard forku Stacks, který má být aktivován zhruba za 279 bitcoinových bloků a přinést trustless, self-custodial Bitcoin staking. STX mezitím spadl na šestileté minimum kvůli monitorovacímu štítku na Binance.
@Binance has confirmed it will support the upcoming @Stacks hardfork, set to activate in roughly 279 $BTC blocks. The announcement was made by Stacks founder @Muneeb, who posted the exchange's commitment as the countdown to the network upgrade tightens ahead of a Thursday activation.
What the PoX-5 Upgrade Changes The hardfork, known as PoX-5, is scheduled for July 29 and follows a successful community vote with overwhelming support for SIP-044 and SIP-045. The upgrade brings trustless, self-custodial Bitcoin staking to the network. More broadly, the change represents a material architectural shift for the primary Bitcoin Layer-2, addressing two of the network's most significant limitations: transaction finality and programmable utility for $BTC.
The upgrade introduces Bitcoin Finality, which the Stacks Foundation says makes Stacks transactions as irreversible as those executed on the Bitcoin blockchain, meaning the network can no longer fork on its own. With this mechanism, transaction ordering and reversal on Stacks L2 are protected by all of Bitcoin's hash power, and fast blocks reduce settlement delay to a few seconds instead of Bitcoin's 10 to 40 minutes.
The Monitoring Tag and Market Concern $STX dropped to a six-year low driven by market concerns over the token's monitoring tag on Binance. The Stacks team indicated the tag change on Binance was likely tied to the upcoming PoX-5 hardfork, and that other major centralized exchange partners had already been notified and moved forward in support. According to the team, the tag will be removed once consensus-level changes on Binance are completed.
@Muneeb's comments suggest the broader market has yet to fully price in the significance of the architectural shift. Binance's formal commitment to supporting the hardfork mirrors the exchange's established pattern with Stacks upgrades, where trading of STX is not impacted during the network upgrade and Binance handles all technical requirements for users holding STX in their accounts.
With the activation window now measured in hours rather than days, attention turns to whether Binance's endorsement and the removal of the monitoring tag will stabilize sentiment around $STX heading into the upgrade.
Sources
AMBCrypto: Stacks STX crashes as PoX-5 testnet goes live
Binance: Support for Stacks STX Network Upgrade and Hard Fork
The Defiant: Stacks Unlocks Fast Blocks and Bitcoin Finality
Stacks [STX] spadl na 0,13 USD na šestileté minimum kvůli obavám kolem tagu Binance. Veřejný testnet PoX-5 už běží, ale on-chain aktivita dál slábne. Podle Token Terminalu klesl počet denních aktivních uživatelů na 1,1 tis.
On the 25th of July, Stacks [STX] experienced strong bearish pressure. After a long period of consolidation, bears finally took over the market, with STX losing the $0.16 support level.
As a result, the altcoin crashed to $0.13. STX has not dropped to such levels since mid-2020, marking a 6-year low. As of this writing, Stacks was trading around $0.138, after dropping by 6.2% on the daily charts.
Why is Stacks declining, though? STX dropped to a six-year low driven by market concerns over the token’s tag on Binance. The Stacks Endowment acknowledged the concern and said it was in contact with Binance to resolve the issue.
Importantly, the team posited that the change in tag on Binance was likely due to the upcoming PoX-5 hardfork. For that reason, the Stacks team informed other major CEX partners in time, who have since moved forward in support.
According to Reubs, the tag will be removed once consensus-level changes on Binance are completed. Although the team assured the community, the market did not receive the assurance positively, and sentiment flipped.
What about the PoX-5 hardfork? The Stacks PoX-5 hardfork is scheduled for the 29th of July. This follows a successful vote and overwhelming community support of SP 044 and SP 045.
The highly anticipated upgrade brings about trustless, self-custodial Bitcoin staking. Thus, the upgrade will allow users to earn BTC-dominated yield while still keeping their holdings under their own key.
Three days ago, the public PoX-5 testnet went live for builders to test their protocols ahead of the mainnet.
On-chain usage remains extremely weak Despite the rollout of the public testnet and market anticipation, Stacks’ on-chain activity has failed to keep up. In fact, the network’s on-chain activity has continued to decline.
According to Token Terminal data, daily active users plunged to 1.1k. The network recorded such a low user count in January 2026.
Source: Token Terminal The declining usage shows that the upcoming upgrade has not incentivized users to stay or attracted new users. Reduced network activity usually translates to lower demand for the native token and could lead to extended weakness for STX.
Can STX hold the pressure? The recent market concerns prompted traders to reduce exposure. As a result, the market structure weakened, thus further strengthening the downward momentum.
In fact, STX’s Relative Strength Index (RSI) formed a bearish crossover and plummeted into oversold territory.
Source: TradingView At 23, RSI indicated sellers had fully retaken control. Furthermore, the Spot Buy Sell Volume metric confirms this bearish flip.
The sell volume rose to 4.98 million while the buy volume dropped to 4.24 million. Previously, buyers had shown relative strength, pushing buy volume to 20.4 million.
Source: Coinalyze With sellers dominating the market, it warns of potentially extended weakness. Therefore, if sellers continue to dominate while network demand is weak, Stacks could drop below $0.13, with $0.1 as a critical support level.
However, if the concerns over the Binance tag are addressed, easing pressure, the altcoin could seek to reclaim $0.16.
Final Summary STX plunged to a 6-year low of $0.13 amid market concerns over the Binance tag. Stacks’ market structure remains bearish, with weak on-chain activity and seller dominance.
Komunita Stacks schválila upgrade SIP-045, Bitcoin Staking, s více než 99 % hlasů, což otevírá cestu k hard forku kolem 29. července. Součástí je i obnovení emisí STX na 1 000 STX za blok.
Most exchanges and partners have signaled readiness for the hard fork, though a few are still reviewing details and the upgrade has not yet activated.
The Stacks community approved SIP-045, the Bitcoin Staking upgrade, with more than 99% of votes cast in favor, Stacks co-creator Muneeb Ali said, setting up a hard fork targeted for around July 29 at roughly Bitcoin block 907,740.
The upgrade, formally "PoX-5: Bitcoin Staking and Emission Schedule Alignment," lets participants lock BTC in a timelocked contract on Bitcoin's base layer — under their own keys — and pair it with locked STX to earn yield paid in bitcoin. A companion proposal, SIP-044, which brings Clarity 6 and new staking post-conditions, passed alongside it. Voting opened July 6; hard-fork votes require at least 80% approval from stacked STX.
"Bitcoin is the world's most trusted asset precisely because of its design and safety principles on the L1," Ali said when the Bitcoin Staking whitepaper was published in May. "Holders can now earn yield denominated in BTC, trustlessly, while their Bitcoin stays exactly where it belongs."
How the Mechanism WorksStakers fund a timelocked UTXO on Bitcoin using OP_CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY, pair it with an STX lock equal to at least 5% of the bond, and commit for roughly six months. The Stacks contract verifies the Bitcoin-side lock with an SPV proof — no custodian or trusted bridge. Yield comes from the BTC that miners already bid through Proof of Transfer: paired bonds get a target of about 3% APY in BTC, STX-only stackers take 85% of the excess, and 15% builds a reserve that buffers shortfalls. There is no slashing; principal returns in full when the timelock expires.
The bootstrap phase caps capacity at 3,000 BTC, managed by the Stacks Endowment with whitelisted partners and about 10% open to pools. A public testnet went live this week, and a "Genesis Bond" is targeted for late August.
SIP-045 also reverses April's emissions cut, restoring the STX coinbase to 1,000 STX per Bitcoin block from 500 — a meaningful supply increase bundled with the staking mechanism.
Yield Without Leaving BitcoinStacks has distributed more than 4,200 BTC — roughly $500 million — in stacking rewards since Proof of Transfer went live in 2021, and its sBTC bridged asset holds about $186 million, per DefiLlama, down from a Q1 peak of $545 million as BTC's price fell.
The vote result did nothing for the token. STX trades at $0.144, down 13% in 24 hours, per CoinGecko, sharply underperforming Bitcoin's 1.9% decline.
Stacks oznámil, že počet jeho uživatelů přesáhl 1,6 milionu a Bitcoin Staking postoupil do veřejného testnetu před spuštěním mainnetu ve 3. čtvrtletí. PoX-5 je nyní v auditu.
New York, NY, United States, July 23rd, 2026, Chainwire
Q2 Ecosystem Report highlights institutional partnerships, ecosystem growth, and infrastructure milestones ahead of Bitcoin Staking’s Q3 launch.
Stacks (STX) today published its Q2 2026 Ecosystem Report, outlining progress toward launching Bitcoin Staking and expanding the infrastructure needed to make Bitcoin a productive capital asset. Cumulative Stacks users surpassed 1.6 million during the quarter, an 8.0% increase quarter over quarter, while new wallet creation rose nearly 53%, from 72,000 in Q1 to 110,000 in Q2.
The report highlights a quarter of steady execution. Stacks built and deployed PoX-5, the on-chain mechanism powering Bitcoin Staking, first to a private testnet for institutional partners and later to public testnet, where it is now undergoing audit ahead of mainnet launch. The quarter also marked two major institutional partnerships. Fireblocks, which facilitates the transfer and storage of more than $10 trillion in digital assets globally, joined as the institutional custody infrastructure partner, while UTXO Management – the Bitcoin-native asset management subsidiary of Nakamoto Inc. (NASDAQ: NAKA) – became the inaugural Bitcoin Staking launch partner. Alongside this, the Bitcoin-native finance ecosystem continued to grow, and the Endowment expanded its grant and Foundry programs to support new builders.
“Bitcoin has spent years establishing itself as an asset. The next chapter is making that asset productive, and Stacks made strong progress on that front in Q2 2026,” said Alex Miller, CEO of Stacks Labs. “Our thesis is clear: Stacks is the place where Bitcoin becomes productive capital. The quarter ahead is an important one for the broader Stacks ecosystem, and we are determined to capture a larger share of the Bitcoin sitting idle today.”
Among the report’s highlights:
Bitcoin Staking advanced toward launch, with PoX-5 built, deployed to private and public testnet, and now in audit ahead of mainnet in Q3. Fireblocks and UTXO Management joined as institutional partners, expanding the custody and asset-management infrastructure required for institutional participation. Zest Protocol had its biggest quarter to date: the ZEST token launched via Binance Alpha on May 19, reaching a $200 million fully diluted valuation (FDV) within hours while ranking No. 1 trending on CoinGecko and CoinMarketCap. Zest remains the top DeFi protocol on Stacks, with $70M in TVL and over 800 sBTC deposited. Stacking DAO reached an all-time high of 110M STX in TVL and announced stBTC, the first Bitcoin liquid staking token on Stacks, now in audit and targeting an August launch. BitFlow surpassed $5 billion in cumulative transaction volume and $575M in swap volume, grew to 29,677 cumulative users, and delivered an estimated average 17.9% Bitcoin APY across its two primary sBTC pools over the past 30 days. Hermetica saw continued allocator demand for BTC yield, with hBTC reaching 75 BTC in TVL and its latest capped allocation filling within 24 hours, while USDh averaged 8% APY over the quarter as Hermetica advanced its STRC integration. Network and protocol development continued, with three stable mainnet node releases and ongoing security hardening through the Immunefi bug bounty program. The Stacks Endowment expanded strategic ecosystem investment through grants and the Foundry program, completing its first Validate cohort (60 participating teams, 25 advancing toward grant applications) and preparing the next program, Onboard. The report also outlines Stacks’ priorities for Q3, including the launch of Bitcoin Staking, expansion of the liquid staking ecosystem through stBTC, onboarding additional institutional participants, and continued investment in founders building Bitcoin-native financial applications.
Read the full Q2 2026 Stacks Ecosystem Report.
About Stacks
Stacks is growing Bitcoin by turning idle Bitcoin into productive capital. The network enables self-custodial Bitcoin yield and a growing ecosystem of Bitcoin-native financial applications that settle on Bitcoin. Learn more at stacks.co.
Stacks dosáhl 1,6 milionu peněženek, které kdy obdržely převod, což ukazuje rostoucí adopci sítě. Zároveň rozšiřuje ambice v oblasti Bitcoin DeFi prostřednictvím stBTC, návrhu PoX-5 a integrace s Fireblocks.
Bitcoin has long been the asset everyone wants exposure to and the network nobody could build on. Stacks was designed to change that, and a new on-chain milestone suggests it is making progress.
The Stacks protocol has recorded 1.6 million total wallets that have ever received a transfer, according to on-chain analytics tracking cumulative user adoption.
What the wallet count actually tells you What the 1.6 million figure tells you is the cumulative reach of the network, the total number of unique addresses that have had at least some interaction with the Stacks ecosystem at any point in its history. Not everyone is logging in daily, but the number sets a ceiling for potential reactivation and signals that the protocol has moved well beyond niche hobbyist territory.
A busy summer of product launches On July 8, 2026, the protocol announced stBTC, a liquid staking token built to generate Bitcoin yield within the Stacks DeFi ecosystem. Instead of simply holding Bitcoin and earning nothing, users can stake it through Stacks and receive a liquid token that can be deployed elsewhere in DeFi while the underlying Bitcoin continues earning yield.
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Five days later, on July 13, a proposal for the PoX-5 upgrade was put forward. PoX, which stands for Proof of Transfer, is the consensus mechanism that connects Stacks to Bitcoin by having miners transfer Bitcoin to participate in block production. The PoX-5 proposal introduces a new staking model and a 15% reserve fund, creating a buffer within the staking system designed to add stability and reduce the risk of yield disruption for participants.
Earlier in the summer, on June 17, Stacks announced an integration with Fireblocks, the institutional-grade digital asset custody and transfer platform. Fireblocks is the infrastructure layer that hedge funds, banks, and crypto-native institutions use to move and secure assets at scale, and the integration opens the door to a class of capital that previously had no clean on-ramp into the Stacks ecosystem.
The Nakamoto foundation The Nakamoto release, completed in 2024, was the most significant technical upgrade in the protocol’s history. Before Nakamoto, Stacks blocks were tied to Bitcoin block production, meaning the network inherited Bitcoin’s roughly ten-minute confirmation window. Post-Nakamoto, the protocol produces blocks at a faster cadence. The two-way peg mechanism, sBTC, allows Bitcoin to move between the Bitcoin base layer and the Stacks layer without relying on a centralized custodian.
stBTC, announced this July, builds directly on top of sBTC.
What investors should watch stBTC is the most direct catalyst to watch. Liquid staking tokens tend to generate flywheel effects: yield attracts deposits, deposits increase total value locked, higher TVL attracts more DeFi protocols, and more protocols attract more users.
The PoX-5 upgrade directly affects the incentive structure for STX holders who participate in stacking. The 15% reserve fund introduces a new variable into that calculus, and the market will need to price in both the stability benefits and any changes to effective yield rates once the upgrade is finalized.
The Fireblocks integration removes one of the primary friction points for funds that want Bitcoin DeFi exposure without building custom infrastructure.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Editorial Team. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Stacks navrhuje PoX-5, který by držitelům bitcoinu umožnil výnos bez přesunu BTC z hlavní sítě. 15 % přebytečných příjmů má jít do rezervního fondu protokolu.
Stacks, the Bitcoin Layer 2 network, is proposing a significant upgrade to its consensus mechanism that would let Bitcoin holders earn yield on their BTC without ever moving it off the main chain. The kicker: 15% of all excess revenue gets funneled into a reserve fund designed to keep the whole system solvent even during lean times.
The upgrade, dubbed PoX-5 (Proof-of-Transfer version 5), introduces a waterfall distribution model. Protocol bond holders sit at the top of the payment queue, with an initial target yield of roughly 3% APY. These bonds require a six-month lockup period. Only after those obligations are met does the remaining revenue flow downhill.
Whatever is left after paying bond holders, the excess miner revenue, gets split two ways. STX-only stakers receive 85% of the surplus. The protocol reserve fund absorbs the remaining 15%.
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To participate, Bitcoin holders lock their BTC on the Bitcoin Layer 1 network using a timelock mechanism and pair it with STX, the native token of the Stacks network. No bridging required. No custodial transfers.
Building a 1.2-year safety buffer The 15% reserve allocation isn’t arbitrary. Simulations run across 210 two-week cycles, roughly eight years of modeled data, project that the reserve fund would accumulate enough to cover 1.2 years of yield commitments.
The system also includes capacity constraints and real-time coverage ratio monitoring. There’s no slashing mechanism for participants, meaning stakers don’t risk losing their principal if something goes sideways with the network.
The whitepaper laying all of this out was published on May 13, 2026. Since then, the Stacks community has been reviewing the associated SIP (Stacks Improvement Proposal) documents related to the bootstrap phase. No formal votes or launches have been finalized yet.
Stacks’ track record with Proof-of-Transfer The original PoX mechanism has been operational since January 2021, and over that period, the protocol has distributed more than 4,200 BTC to participants under prior consensus versions. PoX-5 is an evolution of that infrastructure, adding structured yield products and reserve mechanics on top of existing plumbing.
The upgrade also serves a dual purpose beyond yield generation. By requiring participants to pair BTC with STX, it creates organic demand for the Stacks native token. More staking activity means more STX gets locked up, which theoretically supports the token’s value while simultaneously enhancing network security through increased participation.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Editorial Team. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Stacking DAO oznámila stBTC, likvidní stakovanou verzi Bitcoinu pro nadcházející Bitcoin Staking na Stacks. Token má přinést očekávaný výnos kolem 3 % a zároveň zachovat likviditu BTC.
New York, NY, United States, July 8th, 2026, Chainwire
Stacking DAO today announced stBTC, a liquid staked version of Bitcoin built for Stacks’ upcoming Bitcoin Staking release. stBTC will let Bitcoin holders earn yield through staking while keeping their capital liquid and ready to move across the rest of the Stacks ecosystem.
Bitcoin is the largest pool of capital in the digital economy, and most of it sits idle. Only a small fraction of Bitcoin’s supply is deployed in on-chain finance today, while the rest stays parked in custody, exchange-traded funds, and treasuries. Stacking DAO built stBTC to close that gap and give Bitcoin holders a native path to put their capital to work.
stBTC is the missing bridge between earning Bitcoin yield and putting Bitcoin capital to work. A holder will be able to stake Bitcoin and participate in Bitcoin-native finance at the same time, rather than choosing between the two.
“Bitcoin has never had a true staking economy of its own, and stBTC for Bitcoin staking on Stacks is our answer to that gap,” said Tycho Onnasch, Core Contributor, Stacking DAO. “Holders can earn Bitcoin yield while keeping their capital liquid, and they get an asset they can keep using across Stacks for additional returns.”
stBTC represents BTC bonded to Stacks’ Bitcoin Staking system, where it earns a base yield expected to launch around 3% under the protocol’s initial parameters. The underlying Bitcoin remains locked in the bond, secured entirely by Bitcoin, while stBTC itself stays liquid and transferable.
That liquidity is the point. A holder can stake and stop there, earning the base yield on Bitcoin they still hold. From that floor, stBTC can flow into the financial applications already live on Stacks, including lending platforms like Zest Protocol and trading pools like BitFlow, with the base yield continuing to accrue underneath. Capital already actively deployed across Stacks protocols sits at $121 million, led by Zest Protocol, Granite, and Stacking DAO, according to DeFiLlama. stBTC gives that stack a new entry point for fresh Bitcoin capital.
stBTC is also Bitcoin-native by design. The Stacks network settles activity on Bitcoin through Proof of Transfer, backed by 100% of Bitcoin’s hashpower, and reads Bitcoin’s state directly with no oracle or trusted relay. This stands apart from past attempts to bring Bitcoin into DeFi by wrapping it onto other chains and routing it through centralized custodians. stBTC keeps the decentralization, settlement, and the security of Bitcoin itself.
The yield model is designed to outlast its own bootstrap phase. Economic activity across Stacks, powered by STX, generates fees that fund miner rewards. Miners spend Bitcoin to win those fees and secure the network, and that Bitcoin flows back into the staker pool, where the base yield originates. As more capital moves through the ecosystem, the yield shifts from relying on emissions to running on real economic activity.
Stacking DAO is well positioned to bring stBTC to market. The team has run STX Stacking infrastructure for over 2 years, managing over $150m of peak staked capital for 40,000+ stakers without a security incident. That track record is what makes Stacking DAO the team building the liquid staking layer for Bitcoin on Stacks now.
stBTC is expected to launch just before Stacks’ Bitcoin Staking release. Bitcoin holders will be able to stake BTC, receive stBTC, and begin earning yield directly through Stacking DAO at stackingdao.com.
About Stacking DAO
Stacking DAO is the STX Stacking infrastructure powerhouse for the most prominent Bitcoin L2. Users can learn more at stackingdao.com
About Stacks
Stacks is the leading Bitcoin layer by BTC deployed, providing infrastructure for a growing range of Bitcoin-native applications. The network enables Bitcoin-native financial applications, from lending and borrowing to autonomous AI agents, all settled with Bitcoin finality. Users can learn more at stacks.co
Stacks představil USDCx, první stablecoin krytý USDC podle specifikace Circle pro Machine Payments Protocol. Má podpořit standardizované strojové platby na Bitcoinu prostřednictvím Stacks.
Circle just published the official USDC method specification for the Machine Payments Protocol, and Stacks’ USDCx is the first stablecoin built under that framework. The move positions Bitcoin’s leading layer 2 as a hub for standardized machine-to-machine payments, the kind of infrastructure that makes AI agents capable of settling transactions on their own.
What USDCx actually is and how it works USDCx is a stablecoin pegged 1:1 to USDC, fully backed by reserves held in Circle’s xReserve infrastructure. It launched on Stacks mainnet on December 17-18, 2025, with a specific contract ID (SP120SBRBQJ00MCWS7TM5R8WJNTTKD5K0HFRC2CNE.usdcx) that anyone can verify on-chain.
USDCx doesn’t rely on third-party bridges to function. It connects directly with Circle Gateway and CCTP (Cross-Chain Transfer Protocol), which means moving value between chains doesn’t require trusting some random bridge operator with your funds.
The stablecoin maintains its peg near $1 and is actively traded on platforms tracked by CoinGecko. Ethereum bridging was already supported at launch, with plans to expand CCTP network support that kicked off in Q1 2026.
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The machine payments angle The MPP spec is where things get genuinely interesting. The Machine Payments Protocol establishes a standardized way for machines, think AI agents, automated services, and IoT devices, to send and receive payments without human intervention. The MPP spec was published by Circle on June 23, 2026.
USDCx being the first USDC-backed stablecoin under this spec means Stacks is effectively positioning itself as the settlement layer for AI commerce on Bitcoin. Cross-chain machine-to-machine payments on Bitcoin through Stacks are now technically possible.
Ecosystem adoption and DeFi implications Major wallets including Asigna, Fordefi, Leather, and Xverse all adopted USDCx shortly after launch. On the DeFi side, protocols like Zest and Granite integrated the stablecoin, enabling lending, borrowing, and trading with dollar liquidity on Stacks.
For Bitcoin holders specifically, USDCx creates an option that didn’t cleanly exist before: accessing stablecoin functionality without leaving the Bitcoin economy entirely. You can collateralize Bitcoin-backed assets, borrow against them in a dollar-denominated stablecoin, and do it all within an ecosystem that settles on Bitcoin through Stacks’ Proof of Transfer consensus mechanism.
Stacks uses PoX to anchor its security to Bitcoin’s blockchain, and runs Clarity smart contracts, a language designed to be decidable, meaning you can mathematically verify what a contract will do before executing it.
What this means for investors Institutional players care about two things above all else: compliance and security in cross-chain interactions. Circle’s direct involvement through xReserve and CCTP addresses both concerns in ways that third-party wrapped tokens simply cannot. The 1:1 USDC backing, verified through Circle’s own infrastructure rather than an independent bridge, reduces counterparty risk substantially.
Trading volumes and user growth across Stacks DeFi protocols will be the metrics to watch. If USDCx drives meaningful increases in total value locked and daily active users on platforms like Zest and Granite, it validates the thesis that Bitcoin users want native stablecoin liquidity.
The risk worth monitoring is concentration. USDCx’s entire value proposition depends on Circle’s continued support and the stability of the xReserve infrastructure. Any disruption to Circle’s operations, whether regulatory or technical, would cascade directly into USDCx’s functionality.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Editorial Team. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Stacks se zařadil do indexu Coinbase COIN50 a obsadil zhruba 40. místo s váhou 0,04 % a tržní kapitalizací kolem 319,6 milionu USD. Zařazení potvrzuje splnění likviditních a tržních kritérií Coinbase.
Stacks has secured a place in Coinbase’s COIN50 Index, the exchange’s flagship benchmark that tracks the 50 largest and most liquid digital assets. STX sits at roughly the 40th position with an index market cap of around $319.6 million and a weight of 0.04%.
What the COIN50 Index actually is Coinbase launched the COIN50 Index on November 12, 2024, as a transparent benchmark for institutional investors looking to gauge the broader crypto market without manually sorting through thousands of tokens.
The index is weighted heavily toward the obvious giants. Bitcoin commands roughly 50% of the total weight, with Ethereum, XRP, Solana, and even Dogecoin rounding out the top positions. The remaining assets, including STX, occupy the long tail with individually small weightings.
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Coinbase also built a perpetual futures contract tied to the COIN50, giving traders a single instrument to express a view on the entire top-50 basket.
A 0.04% weight means Stacks isn’t moving the needle on any portfolio allocation by itself. But inclusion in the index signals that STX meets Coinbase’s liquidity and market cap thresholds, which are the same filters institutional compliance teams use when deciding what’s investable and what isn’t.
Why Stacks matters in the Bitcoin Layer 2 conversation Stacks occupies an unusual niche. It’s a smart contract platform that settles transactions on Bitcoin, effectively giving Bitcoin programmability without modifying Bitcoin’s base layer. The protocol enables mining rewards, staking, and decentralized applications, all anchored to Bitcoin’s security model. Its flagship product in this regard is sBTC, a Bitcoin-backed asset designed to let holders earn yield while keeping their BTC exposure intact.
The protocol also completed an integration with Fireblocks on June 17, 2026, the institutional custody and settlement platform. That integration matters because Fireblocks is the plumbing behind many of the largest crypto funds and trading desks. If an institution can’t custody an asset through its existing infrastructure, it typically won’t touch it. Fireblocks support removes that friction.
What this means for investors STX’s $319.6 million index market cap makes it one of the smaller constituents in the COIN50. Smaller assets in weighted indexes can get dropped during quarterly rebalances if their market cap or liquidity deteriorates. Staying in the index requires Stacks to maintain its current market position, which is far from guaranteed in a sector where rankings shift quickly.
For traders, the COIN50 inclusion creates a subtle but real liquidity benefit. Index-linked products generate baseline trading volume, and market makers who arbitrage the index against its components will naturally add depth to STX order books.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Editorial Team. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Stacks zveřejnil whitepaper k Bitcoin Stakingu, který má umožnit držitelům BTC získávat výnos v BTC bez bridge, wrapování nebo ztráty úschovy. Mechanismus navazuje na PoX, který od roku 2021 vyplatil přes 4 200 BTC.
Proposed protocol upgrade extends Stacks' live Proof-of-Transfer mechanism to let BTC holders earn native Bitcoin yield without bridging, wrapping, or surrendering custody.
Stacks Labs today published a whitepaper outlining the first self-custodial Bitcoin Staking mechanism generating Bitcoin-native yield. The whitepaper details a proposed upgrade to Stacks’ existing Proof-of-Transfer (PoX) consensus mechanism that enables BTC holders to earn Bitcoin-denominated yield while their Bitcoin remains locked on the L1 under their own keys.
The whitepaper addresses a fundamental gap in the market: Bitcoin represents over $1.3 trillion in idle capital, yet BTC holders have had no path to earn Bitcoin yield on that capital without bridging to another chain, wrapping their BTC, or handing custody to a centralized lender. Existing approaches, including restaking protocols that require moving BTC off L1 or rely on intermediary trust assumptions, leave holders exposed to risks Bitcoin was designed to eliminate. Stacks’ Bitcoin Staking mechanism is the first mechanism where BTC stays on Bitcoin, under the holder's own keys, while generating native Bitcoin yield. The publication follows last week’s launch of the Stacks 2026 roadmap (stacks.co/roadmap), which laid out a three-phase plan for building Bitcoin-native finance. Bitcoin Staking is Phase 1 of that plan: the mechanism that anchors long-term BTC capital on-chain and establishes the economic foundation for the phases that follow, including a 100x throughput increase and a full suite of Bitcoin-native lending, borrowing, and programmable capital products.
The mechanism builds directly on PoX, which has operated in production since January 2021 and distributed more than 4,200 BTC in stacking rewards to date. Bitcoin Staking extends this existing infrastructure.
How It Works
Under Bitcoin Staking, participants form “protocol bonds” where participants pair a BTC timelock on Bitcoin with a corresponding STX lock on Stacks for a 6-month bonding period, targeting a fixed yield subject to the risks inherent to the protocol. The BTC remains on the Bitcoin blockchain, secured by Bitcoin consensus, under participant-controlled keys for the full bonding period.
BTC yield is generated the same way it is today under PoX: Stacks miners bid BTC to compete for STX block rewards and transaction fees. That miner-paid BTC is distributed to eligible participants. Bitcoin Staking changes who is eligible and how rewards are prioritized, not how they are generated.
Bitcoin Staking distributes PoX rewards according to a waterfall structure. Paired BTC-plus-STX positions form the primary tranche and receive the target yield rate for their respective bonds. After protocol bond obligations are met, excess miner revenue is split between STX-only stakers and a reserve fund that buffers payouts when miner revenue falls short.
Phased Rollout
The whitepaper proposes Bitcoin Staking launches in two phases. The first, PoX-5, is a managed bootstrap period expected to run approximately 12 months. During this phase, Stacks Endowment sets capacity and yield parameters and intends to work with a set of institutional partners who have been onboarded ahead of launch. Initial program conditions target 3,000 BTC in capacity at a 3% BTC APY with a 5% minimum STX pairing ratio. Partner onboarding for the bootstrap phase is underway; interested institutions can contact Stacks Endowment directly.
During the bootstrap phase, Bitcoin Staking will progressively decentralize, eventually transitioning to PoX-6, a permissionless consensus-encoded operation. In this phase, a permissionless sealed-bid clearing auction determines capacity allocation while yield rates, and ratio requirements are determined on-chain from miner economics, reserve fund status, and prior-period participation data. This phase is the fully decentralized end state described in the whitepaper.
Both phases require community governance approval through the Stacks Improvement Proposal (SIP) process.
Participation Paths
BTC holders can pair native Bitcoin, timelocked on L1, with STX for full protocol bond participation. sBTC holders, the Bitcoin-backed asset on Stacks, can pair sBTC with STX through L2 smart contracts, enabling pooled participation and DeFi integrations. STX holders can stake without any Bitcoin commitment and receive residual yield as the third tranche of the waterfall. Pooled participation options exist across all paths for smaller holders.
"Bitcoin is the world's most trusted asset precisely because of its design and safety principles on the L1. Bitcoin Staking changes the calculus; holders can now earn yield denominated in BTC, trustlessly, while their Bitcoin stays exactly where it belongs. This whitepaper is the culmination of years of protocol-level work to make Bitcoin programmable without compromising what makes it Bitcoin." — Muneeb Ali, Founder, Stacks.
“Bitcoin holders have been waiting for a way to put their capital to work without giving it up. What we’ve built on Stacks has already distributed over 4,200 BTC in real yield since 2021. Bitcoin Staking takes that proven infrastructure and makes BTC itself the yield-bearing asset, under the holder’s own keys, on Bitcoin. The whitepaper is the technical specification for Phase 1 of what we laid out in the roadmap last week — and the institutional partners we’ve been working with are ready to move.” — Alex Miller, CEO, Stacks Labs.
Availability
The full Bitcoin Staking whitepaper is available today here. The Stacks 2026 roadmap, which provides the broader context for Bitcoin Staking as Phase 1 of the network’s development plan, is available at stacks.co/roadmap. Community discussion and the SIP governance process will follow publication. Technical specifications, implementation documentation, and partner onboarding details will be published in subsequent releases. Institutions interested in participating in the PoX-5 bootstrap program should contact Stacks Endowment at [email protected].
About Stacks
Stacks is the leading Bitcoin layer by BTC deployed, providing infrastructure for a growing range of Bitcoin-native applications. The network enables Bitcoin-native financial applications, from lending and borrowing to autonomous AI agents, all settled with Bitcoin finality. Users can learn more at stacks.co.
Strive koupila dalších 382 BTC za zhruba 30,3 milionu USD a zvýšila své držení na 15 391 BTC. Firma tak patří mezi největší veřejné korporátní držitele Bitcoinu.
Strive, Inc. (Nasdaq: ASST) has acquired an additional 382 bitcoin for approximately $30.3 million, paying an average cost of roughly $79,348 per coin, according to an 8-K filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
The purchase, executed between May 13 and May 18, lifts the Dallas-based Bitcoin treasury and asset management firm’s total holdings to 15,391 BTC — cementing its status as one of the largest public corporate holders of the digital asset.
The latest accumulation adds to a relentless buying streak that has seen Strive grow its treasury by more than 2,200 BTC since January 2026, when the company held 12,798 BTC following its acquisition of Semler Scientific.
The pace has accelerated markedly: in late April, Strive purchased 789 BTC for roughly $61.4 million at an average price of $77,890 per coin, and just weeks later added 444 BTC for $33.9 million at $76,307 per coin, crossing the 15,000 BTC threshold for the first time.
Strive’s bitcoin strategy Alongside the latest purchase, Strive disclosed updated performance figures that underscore its unique approach to capital allocation. The company reported a quarter-to-date BTC Yield of 6.6% and a year-to-date BTC Yield of 18.4% — a proprietary metric that measures the percentage growth of Bitcoin exposure per common share over time, rather than simply the appreciation of BTC’s price.
The firm’s amplification ratio, a measure of how leveraged its Bitcoin exposure is relative to market value of holdings, stands at 44.3%.
That amplification ratio has grown steadily. When Strive held 13,132 BTC in January, its amplification ratio stood at 37.2%, predominantly driven by preferred equity rather than traditional debt. The expansion to 44.3% reflects continued SATA preferred stock issuances, which the company has used to fund Bitcoin purchases without diluting common shareholders in the conventional sense.
Strive also disclosed approximately $87.3 million in cash and cash equivalents, alongside a $49.8 million position in Strategy Inc.’s Variable Rate Series A Perpetual Stretch Preferred Stock (STRC). The company, led by Chairman and CEO Matt Cole, describes Bitcoin as its “hurdle rate” for all capital deployment decisions — framing every acquisition not merely as a treasury move but as a benchmark for long-term shareholder value.
At current market prices, Strive’s 15,391 BTC treasury carries a value approaching $1.2 billion, ranking the firm among the top corporate holders of Bitcoin globally.
Earlier this week, Strive Inc. announced that its SATA preferred stock will become the first U.S.-listed security to pay cash dividends every business day starting June 16, with daily compounding lifting its effective yield to about 13.88%.
The firm also reported a $265.9 million Q1 net loss driven largely by Bitcoin valuation declines, while expanding its holdings to 15,009 BTC and maintaining a debt-free balance sheet, as CEO Matthew Cole positioned the move as a “zero-to-one innovation.”
Micah Zimmerman
Micah first discovered Bitcoin in 2018 but remained a skeptic on the sidelines for too long. Since 2021, he has covered crypto and business and now works as a news reporter for Bitcoin Magazine, based in North Carolina.
UTXO Management patří mezi první institucionální účastníky bitcoinového stakingu na Stacks a chce získávat výnos v BTC bez ztráty self-custody. Cílový výnos protokolu je téměř 3 % ročně.
Bitcoin-native asset management company UTXO Management has become one of the first institutional participants in Bitcoin Staking on the Stacks network, marking a notable shift in how corporate Bitcoin holdings may be used.
The initiative introduces a structure that allows institutions to earn bitcoin-denominated yield without transferring custody or moving assets off the Bitcoin base layer.
For treasury managers holding large BTC reserves, the model presents a new option that preserves core Bitcoin properties while addressing rising pressure to generate returns.
Bitcoin Staking on Stacks requires participants to lock BTC in a Bitcoin timelock alongside a smaller allocation of STX, the Stacks network’s native token, in what the protocol defines as a “protocol bond.”
The BTC remains under the participant’s control throughout the process, while the STX component determines the scale of participation in the system. The initial bonding period is set at six months.
The yield target for the protocol is near 3% annual percentage yield, paid in bitcoin. Unlike lending-based models, the return does not rely on counterparty borrowing. Instead, it is derived from Stacks’ Proof-of-Transfer consensus mechanism.
Under this model, miners bid BTC to secure the right to produce blocks on the Stacks network, and that BTC is distributed to eligible participants, including those engaged in Bitcoin Staking.
Proof-of-Transfer has operated for several years and has distributed more than 4,200 BTC since 2021. Bitcoin Staking builds on this framework, extending its reward structure to a broader class of participants.
The protocol is expected to reach mainnet later this summer, opening with an initial bootstrapping phase managed by the Stacks Endowment.
Staking tradeoffs as bitcoin gains traction The model introduces trade-offs that institutions must evaluate. Participants must hold STX equal to about 5% of the BTC position, which creates exposure to a second asset. The bonded BTC remains illiquid during the lockup period, though an early exit option exists for the BTC portion. Yield levels depend on network dynamics, including miner demand and STX market conditions, which introduces variability.
Despite these factors, UTXO’s participation signals growing institutional interest in productive Bitcoin strategies that maintain self-custody.
The structure avoids lending desks and synthetic wrappers, both of which require relinquishing some control or altering the nature of the underlying asset.
Corporate Bitcoin treasuries have expanded in recent years. The top 100 companies now hold more than 1.2 million BTC, representing about 5% of total supply.
Executives see Bitcoin Staking as a response to that scrutiny. Tyler Evans, Chief Investment Officer of Nakamoto and UTXO, described the model as a way to generate yield while preserving Bitcoin’s settlement and custody features.
Stacks founder Muneeb Ali framed the development as a step toward transforming idle Bitcoin into productive capital within a secure framework.
Disclaimer: Bitcoin Magazine is published by BTC Inc, a subsidiary of Nakamoto Inc. UTXO Management is also a subsidiary of Nakamoto Inc. (NASDAQ: NAKA)
Micah Zimmerman
Micah first discovered Bitcoin in 2018 but remained a skeptic on the sidelines for too long. Since 2021, he has covered crypto and business and now works as a news reporter for Bitcoin Magazine, based in North Carolina.
Fireblocks integroval síť Stacks a otevřel Bitcoin DeFi více než 2 400 institucionálním klientům. Získají podporu úschovy STX i možnost mintovat a bridgeovat sBTC.
Fireblocks, the institutional crypto infrastructure platform that processes more than $5 trillion in digital asset transfers annually, has integrated the Stacks Bitcoin Layer 2 network. The move opens Bitcoin DeFi services to more than 2,400 institutional clients who previously had no streamlined way to access them.
The Fireblocks-Stacks integration covers several key capabilities. Institutional clients get custody support for STX tokens, plus the ability to mint and bridge sBTC, the synthetic Bitcoin asset that operates on the Stacks network.
From there, clients can access DeFi protocols built on Stacks, including Hermetica, Zest/Granite, and Bitflow. These protocols span lending, token swaps, and yield generation.
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One of Stacks’ selling points for institutional users is speed. The network processes transactions with roughly 5-second block times, compared to Bitcoin’s average of about 10 minutes. For institutions executing complex DeFi strategies, that difference matters.
The integration was announced in early February 2026, with full functionality expected by the end of Q1 2026.
Why institutions care about Bitcoin DeFi now Bitcoin’s base layer wasn’t designed for smart contracts. Layer 2 solutions like Stacks exist specifically to bridge that gap, adding programmability on top of Bitcoin’s security model. But even with Layer 2 solutions available, institutions faced a second barrier: custody and compliance. A hedge fund or asset manager can’t just connect a MetaMask wallet to a DeFi protocol and start yield farming. They need enterprise-grade custody, audit trails, regulatory compliance frameworks, and counterparty risk management. That’s exactly what Fireblocks provides.
Broader context and competitive positioning Stacks has also established partnerships with BitGo and Circle, two other heavyweight names in institutional crypto infrastructure. BitGo provides custody and liquidity services to institutional investors. Circle is the issuer of USDC, the second-largest stablecoin by market cap. Together with Fireblocks, these partnerships form a triangle of institutional credibility that few Bitcoin Layer 2 competitors can match.
For investors watching this space, the key metric to track isn’t the integration announcement itself but what happens to total value locked on Stacks-based DeFi protocols over the coming quarters. If institutional capital actually flows through Fireblocks into protocols like Hermetica, Zest/Granite, and Bitflow, it would validate the thesis that Bitcoin DeFi can attract serious money, not just crypto-native capital.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Editorial Team. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Stacks Endowment otevřel žádosti o Q2 2026 Builder Grants pro bitcoinové vývojáře, uzávěrka je 26. června a rozhodnutí padnou do 1. července. Program cílí na finance nativní pro Bitcoin.
Bitcoin builders have a three-week window to pitch their projects for funding. The Stacks Endowment opened applications for its Q2 2026 Builder Grants on June 5, with the deadline set for June 26 and funding decisions expected by July 1.
The grant program is specifically focused on what the Endowment calls “Bitcoin-native finance,” a category that spans decentralized finance protocols, perpetual contracts, real-world asset tokenization, agentic applications, and privacy-enhancing tools.
What’s on the table Previous 2026 grant cycles offered two distinct tracks. Builder Grants provided up to $50K for established teams with proven track records. Getting Started Grants offered up to $10K for early-stage projects still finding their footing.
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Applications close June 26, and funding decisions land by July 1. That’s a five-day review window.
The Stacks Endowment recently received a 25 million STX donation through SIP-031, which significantly bolsters its capacity to fund builders across the ecosystem.
Why Bitcoin Layer 2 development matters right now Stacks positions itself as a leading Bitcoin Layer 2 solution, enabling smart contracts and DeFi functionality that settle directly on Bitcoin.
What this means for investors The Stacks Endowment’s mission is to manage the ecosystem’s long-term treasury and allocate capital toward sustainable growth. The 25 million STX donation through SIP-031 signals that the broader Stacks community is willing to put real resources behind this strategy.
Builders interested in applying have until June 26 to submit their proposals. The rapid funding timeline, with decisions by July 1, means approved teams could be deploying capital before most traditional venture processes even schedule their first call.
Disclosure: This article was edited by Editorial Team. For more information on how we create and review content, see our Editorial Policy.
Peněženka spojená s Arthurem Hayesem podle Lookonchain vybrala z Gate $2,93 milionu v HYPE. Za dvě poslední obchody údajně vydělala dohromady $508 000.
Wallet Pulls $2.93M in HYPE from GateA wallet linked to BitMEX co-founder Arthur Hayes (@CryptoHayes) withdrew $2.93 million worth of $HYPE from Gate exchange on June 23, according to on-chain analytics platform Lookonchain. The move marks the second time in two weeks the address has accumulated Hyperliquid's native token, with the two trades together generating a combined $508,000 in profit.
The wallet, identified by the address prefix 0xf7A4, has drawn consistent attention from on-chain analysts throughout 2026. As with all on-chain wallet attributions, the link to Hayes is based on analyst clustering methodology and has not been independently confirmed by Hayes himself.
A Pattern of HYPE Swing TradesThe latest buy is the most recent chapter in a busy stretch of activity tied to this address. Earlier reporting from Bitcoin.com News documented that the same wallet had deposited 115,453 HYPE worth $6.33 million into Bybit, a move later confirmed as a sale at an average of $54.81 per token. The wallet then withdrew 85,714 HYPE from Bybit at $62.69 per token, roughly three hours before that analysis was published, locking in a gain on the round trip.
Separately, in early June, Lookonchain flagged a $2.09 million HYPE withdrawal from Bybit tied to the same address. Hayes publicly denied that transaction, writing on X that he had not made the purchase. The denial came days after he disclosed exiting his entire HYPE position at prices above $72, citing macro concerns including rising energy costs and expected pressure from large AI IPOs.
Hyperliquid itself remains one of the stronger-performing assets in crypto this year. The platform operates a fully on-chain perpetual futures exchange and has cleared around $40 billion in weekly perp volume, according to CoinDesk. $HYPE hit an all-time high of $76.85 on June 16, 2026, per CoinMarketCap data, before pulling back toward current levels.
Whether the 0xf7A4 wallet represents Hayes personally or another party operating within the same cluster remains unverified. Traders will likely keep watching the address closely given its track record of well-timed entries and exits in HYPE.
Sources:
CoinDesk: Hyperliquid pulls back as Arthur Hayes exits position
Bitcoin.com News: Arthur Hayes HYPE wallet activity breakdown
CoinMarketCap: Hyperliquid (HYPE) price and market data
Útočník ALEX Protocol už přesunul ukradené prostředky přes více než 9 700 on-chain transakcí a vytvořil přes 4 700 adres. Většina CEX údajně prostředky zmrazila.
Fast-growing Bitcoin (BTC)-based layer two (L2) protocol bridge ALEX Lab (ALEX), has issued a security update following its recent breach that resulted in a $4.3 million loss. According to the announcement on the X platform, the Alex protocol attacker has so far managed more than 9,700 on-chain transactions as of Monday.
The ALEX protocol attacker created more than 4,700 unique addresses in the past seven days to enable a stealthy transfer of the stolen funds.
“The number of traceable transactions started to grow exponentially from 300 to 9600+ and this has been accelerating without sign of pause,” the company noted.
According to on-chain data analysis, the ALEX protocol attacker has been transferring small amounts of Stacks (STX) tokens to thousands of new addresses, which are later transferred to centralized exchanges (CEX).
However, the Alex protocol’s team indicated that the majority of the CEXs have frozen the stolen funds, thus preventing the attacker from gaining access. Nevertheless, the attacker is likely to use different crypto mixers available in the market to evade being identified, despite the Alex protocol team highlighting that the hacker is already doxxed.
As of this report, the attacker’s CEX balance was about 8,373,587 STX tokens. Additionally, the ALEX Lab attacker’s on-chain balance was about 5,560,332 STX tokens, which is calculated based on wallet balances above 100 STX units.
ALEX Protocol Attack and Market Outlook In a bid to find an amicable resolution, the ALEX Lab team has offered the attacker a bounty reward of 10 percent, but the offer has since expired. Furthermore, the Alex exploiter is determined to liquidate as much stolen funds as possible through sophisticated manipulations.
The ALEX protocol on the other hand is fighting to reimburse all affected individuals that impacted certain liquidity pools.
Moreover, the protocol has notable financial backing from reputable Web3 investors such as Gemini, Tribe Capital, GSR Ventures, and White Star Capital. In early 2021, ALEX Protocol raised $5.8 million to expand its developers and user experience team.
Following the announcement, the ALEX token has dropped more than 44 percent in the past seven days to trade around $0.09922 at the time of this report. The small-cap altcoin has a fully diluted valuation of around $99 million and a daily average traded volume of about $3.2 million.
On the other hand, the Stacks (STX) price dropped over 5 percent in the last 24 hours to trade around $1.80 at the time of this reporting.
Unless the ALEX protocol attacker is held accountable soon, the underlying value of both tokens will continue in a market correction.
Disclaimer: Coinspeaker is committed to providing unbiased and transparent reporting. This article aims to deliver accurate and timely information but should not be taken as financial or investment advice. Since market conditions can change rapidly, we encourage you to verify information on your own and consult with a professional before making any decisions based on this content.
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Stacks aktivoval Nakamoto Upgrade, který přináší finalitu Bitcoinu do sítě a zkracuje vypořádání na zhruba pět sekund. STX při tom klesl o 8,5 % na 1,59 USD.
The Stacks (STX) protocol has initiated the Nakamoto Upgrade, which introduces Bitcoin (BTC) finality to its network. Over the next 21 days, the ecosystem is set to experience a range of activities linked to this significant upgrade.
Stacks is one of the largest Bitcoin Layer-2 (L2) networks by market capitalization. Earlier this year, the STX community approved the Nakamoto upgrade, aiming to make the network faster and enhance block times.
Bitcoin L2 Stacks Initiates Nakamoto UpgradeThe Nakamoto Upgrade marks a new era of scalability for decentralized finance (DeFi) within the Bitcoin ecosystem and is one of the most significant changes to the Stacks network. Activated on Wednesday, this upgrade enhances transaction speeds and reduces settlement times.
Bitcoin’s standard settlement times previously ranged from 10 to 30 minutes or more. The Nakamoto Upgrade has slashed this to around five seconds—a 10X improvement that significantly boosts the Stacks network’s usability.
The upgrade received strong community support earlier this year and sets the stage for several key developments in the Stacks ecosystem. One of the major upcoming events is the introduction of sBTC, a decentralized asset backed 1:1 by Bitcoin.
Stacks is specifically designed to enable smart contracts and dApps to use Bitcoin as a secure base layer. By extending Bitcoin’s capabilities without altering it, Stacks unlocks billions in latent capital, allowing for a more dynamic and functional ecosystem.
Read more: A Beginner’s Guide to Layer-2 Scaling Solutions
The Nakamoto Upgrade comes as projects built atop the Stacks blockchain endured less-than-desirable speeds. These slow transaction times negatively impacted the user experience, making it challenging to support high-volume use cases and limiting developers from delivering complex DeFi products.
Despite the positive changes brought by the upgrade, which began on Wednesday, the total value locked (TVL) on the Stacks network has decreased by over $7 million, dropping from $98.10 million to $90.62 million. This decline in TVL suggests that the upgrade’s immediate impact on market confidence was mixed, even as the network undergoes notable improvements.
Stacks TVL. Source: DefiLlamaBeInCrypto data shows STX, the native token of the Stacks network, is trading for $1.59 at press time, down 8.5% since Thursday session openned.
Bitcoin L2s Could Initiate New WaveBitcoin L2 solutions are progressively gaining popularity, and have attracted significant investment. As BeInCrypto previously reported, VC funding towards Bitcoin L2s continues to grow, collectively raising an impressive $94.6 million in the second quarter of 2024.
This represents a substantial 174% increase quarter-over-quarter. Experts also revealed that at least 65 projects identified themselves as Bitcoin Layer-2.
“The crypto industry is catching on to the fact that much of what is done on alternative blockchains can be built on top of Bitcoin. Fortune 500 companies like MicroStrategy are tailoring their entire business towards Bitcoin’s Layer-2. Layer-2 faces no more regulations than other crypto platforms. The only challenges are technical, and the brightest minds are being pulled towards Bitcoin along with nation-states, etc,” Manuel Ferrari, Money On Chain Co-Founder, told BeInCrypto.
Read more: Beginner’s Tutorial to Start Using the Lightning Network
There is also speculation that L2s could spark a new bullish wave for Bitcoin, especially as the focus on scaling increases. This rising demand might lead to capital rotation, with overflow potentially moving into Layer-2 tokens like STX, Elastos (ELA), SatoshiVM (SVM), and BVM (BVM).
